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371.
Ohnishi H Iwanaga S Kawazoe K Ishizawa K Orino S Tomita S Tsuchiya K Kanematsu Y Harada N Mori K Tsuchihashi T Ishikawa Y Tamaki T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(21):10092-10098
This study investigated whether reducing agents such as quercetin and iron(II) facilitate formation of nitric oxide (NO) gas from orally ingested nitrite in an vivo study. When 3 mg/kg Na (15)NO2 was orally administered to rats with or without iron(II) or quercetin, Hb (15)NO, which is indicative of systemic (15)NO, was detected in the blood, with the maximum blood concentration of Hb (15)NO at 15 min after nitrite or nitrite plus quercetin treatment, whereas after administration of nitrite plus iron(II) or nitrite plus iron(II) and quercetin, the time was shortened to 10 min. Interestingly, iron(II), quercetin, or iron(II) plus quercetin did not affect the total amount of Hb (15)NO generated from orally administered Na (15)NO2. However, the systemic nitrite concentration was significantly decreased in the presence of iron(II) or iron(II) plus quercetin. These results may indicate that iron(II) is critical to the generation of NO gas from nitrite, whereas quercetin contributed little under the in vivo experimental conditions. 相似文献
372.
Sasaki K Oguma S Glass T Namiki Y Sugiyama H Ohmura N Blake DA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(17):7613-7616
In order to develop a rapid inexpensive test for cadmium in rice, we identified an antibody specific for cadmium-EDTA complexes; this antibody binds to cadmium-EDTA with a Kd of approximately 10(-8) M. Although the antibody's cross reactivity to magnesium was minimal (Kd approximately 10(-5) M), the high toxicity of cadmium coupled with the high natural occurrence of magnesium in rice resulted in a situation where magnesium interfered with cadmium determination and resulted in falsely elevated estimates of cadmium. Fortunately, the formation constant of EDTA for cadmium is approximately 5 x 10(7) times higher (at pH 7) than the formation constant of EDTA for magnesium, and we were able to eliminate the magnesium interference by judicious selection of the EDTA concentration used in the assay. The resulting equilibria are complex, but we show that a relatively simple two-step model in which cadmium and magnesium compete for EDTA followed by cadmium-EDTA and magnesium-EDTA competing for antibody provided a good fit to the measured data. These analyses enabled appropriate selection of the optimum EDTA concentration for an immunoassay with improved selectivity. 相似文献
373.
374.
Kirara Saito Megumi Watanabe Hidenori Matsui Mikihiro Yamamoto Yuki Ichinose Kazuhiro Toyoda Akira Kawaguchi Yoshiteru Noutoshi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(1):58-64
Rhizobium vitis: strain VAR03-1 is a biological control agent that suppresses grapevine crown gall disease caused by a tumorigenic strain of R. vitis (Ti). Both acetosyringone-induced expression of a virulence gene and the growth of Ti were suppressed in vitro when it was cultivated in the VAR03-1 culture filtrate. These inhibitory effects were reduced by high-temperature treatment or incubation for 72 h. Both activities were detected in the high molecular weight fraction (>?100 kDa) of the filtrate. Our results suggest that the antagonistic effects of VAR03-1 on Ti are mediated by large particle(s) released in the culture media. 相似文献
375.
BACKGROUND: Dieldrin is one of the most persistent organochlorine pesticides, listed as one of the 12 persistent organic pollutants in the Stockholm Convention. Although microbial degradation is an effective way to remediate environmental pollutants, reports on aerobic microbial degradation of dieldrin are limited. Wood‐rotting fungi can degrade a wide spectrum of recalcitrant organopollutants, and an attempt has been made to select wood‐rotting fungi that can degrade dieldrin, and to identify the metabolite. RESULTS: Thirty‐four isolates of wood‐rotting fungi were investigated for their ability to degrade dieldrin. Strain YK543 degraded 39.1 ± 8.8% of dieldrin during 30 days of incubation. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that strain YK543 was closely related to the fungus Phlebia brevispora Nakasone TMIC33929, which has been reported as a fungus that can degrade chlorinated dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. 9‐Hydroxydieldrin was detected as a metabolite in the cultures of strain YK543. CONCLUSION: It is important to select the microorganisms that degrade organic pollutants, and to identify the metabolic pathway for the development of bioremediation methods. Strain YK543 was selected as a fungus capable of degrading dieldrin. The metabolic pathway includes 9‐hydroxylation reported in rat's metabolism catalysed by liver microsomal monooxygenase. This is the first report of transformation of dieldrin to 9‐hydroxydieldrin by a microorganism. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
376.
377.
The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state is induced in stress-injured bacterial cells. VBNC cells lose their ability to grow
on standard media, but some of the cells can recover on media supplemented with H2O2-degrading compounds such as sodium pyruvate (SP). Here, VBNC cells that can recover on such media are called SP-recoverable
VBNC cells; VBNC cells that do not recover are called SP-unrecoverable VBNC cells. On the basis of previous findings, we hypothesized
that cells of Ralstonia solanacearum in which low temperature had induced the SP-recoverable VBNC state would regain their ability to grow on standard solid media
after exposure to moderate temperature. To test this, cell suspensions of R. solanacearum were incubated at 5°C. When SP-recoverable VBNC cells were the only culturable cells present, the cell suspensions were exposed
to 25°C. The temperature upshift caused an initial rapid increase in the number of active cells able to grow on standard solid
media, followed by a more gradual increase. Linear regression analyses suggested that this increase was not attributable to
the regrowth of a low level of residual active cells. In addition, all the revived cells tested caused wilt symptoms in susceptible
tomato plants. When SP-unrecoverable VBNC cells were the only viable cells present in the 5°C microcosms, the cell suspensions
were exposed to 25°C. In this case, no culturable cells were detected. Therefore, these data strongly suggest that the SP-recoverable
VBNC cells regained their ability to grow on standard solid media after the temperature upshift and that the revived cells
were virulent. 相似文献
378.
Ken-ichiro TATEMATSU Mitsumi IKEDA Yoshihiro WAKABAYASHI Takashi YAMAMURA Kazuhiro KIKUCHI Junko NOGUCHI Hideki SEZUTSU 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(6):402
Porcine zona pellucida proteins (ZPs) have been utilized as female immunocontraceptive antigens. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential use of silkworm recombinant bovine ZP4 as an alternative. When the protein was injected with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) – an immuno-stimulative agent – into two female goats, marked elevation of the anti-ZP4 titer was detected. Application of the purified specific IgG to a porcine in vitro fertilization system reduced the sperm penetration rate. In one goat, the cyclic profile of serum progesterone disappeared as the anti-ZP4 titer increased. Histological examination of the ovaries revealed degeneration of antral follicles with sparse infiltration of inflammatory cells in the theca, indicating that autoimmune oophoritis had been induced. Together, the present results suggest that recombinant ZP4 disturbs fertilization and exerts a pathogenic effect on follicle development in goats, thus indicating its potential as a female immunocontraceptive antigen. 相似文献
379.
Yuki Okashita Heng Wang Shiori Tsue Osamu Nishimiya Kazuhiro Ura Yasuaki Takagi 《Fisheries Science》2017,83(5):803-810
In the present study, we examined the localization of the major yolk protein (MYP) in the intestine of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. First, partial MYP complementary DNA was isolated from the sea urchin intestine. The expression level of MYP messenger RNA (mRNA) along the sea urchin digestive tract is highest in the intestine, so we performed in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis using this tissue. No MYP mRNA was detected in the luminal epithelium, connective tissue, muscle tissue, or coelomic epithelium by in situ hybridization analysis. Positive immunohistochemical staining was observed in the luminal epithelium, inner epithelium and connective tissue, the signal being strongest in the latter. We conclude that MYP synthesized in the inner epithelial cells is moved to and stored in connective tissue and the luminal epithelium, before being secreted into the body cavity and the inner digestive cavity of the sea urchin. 相似文献
380.
Kazuhiro KOJIMA James K. CHAMBERS Ayano ISHII Kazuhito SEGAWA Kazuyuki UCHIDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(2):213
An 8-year 8-month-old castrated male Munchkin presented with vomiting, anorexia and hypoactivity. Computed tomography revealed excessive gas accumulation within the intestinal lumen and gas bubbles in the liver, spleen, and portal venous system, indicating hepatic portal venous gas. The cat died without any significant improvement, and mild splenomegaly was found at necropsy. Histologically, multiple gas vacuoles were diffusely observed in the liver and spleen. In the stomach, multiple gas vacuoles and scattered focal ulcers were detected within the mucosa. Multifocal hemorrhage was noted in the small and large intestines, whereas gas vacuoles were not present. Based on these findings, a gastric ulcer under high gas pressure may have provided an entry point for gas into the portal venous system. 相似文献