Effects of wood kraft pulp feeding on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black steer in the middle fattening stage     

Hitoshi Mizuguchi  Yuka Maeda  Keiko Nishimura  Hiroshi Shinkura  Kazuhiro Kurosu  Fuminori Terada  Shiro Kushibiki 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13589

We investigated the effects of wood kraft pulp (KP) feeding on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black (JB) steer in the middle fattening stage. The feeding experiment was carried out a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design using six JB steers (16.2 ± 0.8 months of age). Steers were fed rice straw and three concentrated feeds: commercial formula feed (control), formula feed containing 7.5% KP on a dry matter (DM) basis (7.5% KP), and formula feed containing 15% KP on a DM basis (15% KP). Feed digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters were recorded for 3 days during the measurement period, after an adaptation phase of 11 days. There was no significant difference in DM intake per day among diets. A slightly higher digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was observed in steers fed 15% KP, compared with those fed other diets (P = 0.059). The butyric acid ratio in rumen fluid was higher in steers fed KP diets than in steers fed control (P = 0.083). The average ruminal pH was unaffected by KP diets. This study suggests that replacing 15% of concentrated feed with KP has little effect on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation in JB fattening steer.  相似文献   

Transformation of methylthio-s-triazines via sulfur oxidation by strain JUN7, a Bacillus cereus species     

Naoki Harada  Kazuhiro Takagi  Akio Iwasaki 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(9):2952-2957

It is known that methylthio-s-triazines can be transformed to the corresponding 2-hydroxy derivatives through sulfoxides and sulfones in aerobic and flooded soil; however, production of sulfoxides and/or sulfones from methylthio-s-triazines by isolated s-triazine-degrading bacteria has not been reported yet. In the present study, a new bacterial strain, JUN7, was obtained from Japanese soil; the bacterium is capable of transforming simetryn to 2-methylsulfinyl 4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (sulfoxide simetryn) and 2-hydroxy-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (2-hydroxy simetryn) in a Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. This is the first isolation of the specific microorganism that mediates sulfur oxidation of methylthio-s-triazines, as far as we know. Strain JUN7 could decrease other methylthio-s-triazines such as dimethametryn and prometryn, but not chlorinated s-triazines (atrazine, simazine, and terbuthylazine) and methoxy-s-triazine (atraton) in 1/10 LB medium. Strain JUN7 did not possessed gene atzA or trzN encoding triazine-degrading enzymes, suggesting that the strain may have another metabolic system. Characterizations of strain JUN7 based on comparative morphology, physiological classification, and comparison of the partial 16S rRNA sequence indicated that it is assigned as a Bacillus cereus species.  相似文献   

Functional annotation of a full-length Arabidopsis cDNA collection   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Seki M  Narusaka M  Kamiya A  Ishida J  Satou M  Sakurai T  Nakajima M  Enju A  Akiyama K  Oono Y  Muramatsu M  Hayashizaki Y  Kawai J  Carninci P  Itoh M  Ishii Y  Arakawa T  Shibata K  Shinagawa A  Shinozaki K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5565):141-145

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Synchronization of cellular clocks in the suprachiasmatic nucleus     

Yamaguchi S  Isejima H  Matsuo T  Okura R  Yagita K  Kobayashi M  Okamura H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5649):1408-1412

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The development of a coupled model (PCPF-SWMS) to simulate water flow and pollutant transport in Japanese paddy fields   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Julien Tournebize  Hirozumi Watanabe  Kazuhiro Takagi  Taku Nishimura 《Paddy and Water Environment》2006,4(1):39-51

A new coupled model (PCPF–SWMS) was developed for simulating fate and behavior of pollutant in paddy water and paddy soil. The model coupled the PCPF-1, a lumped model simulating pesticide concentrations in paddy water and 1 cm-surface sediment compartment, and the SWMS-2D, a finite element numerical model solving Richard's and advection-dispersion equations for solute transport in soil compartment. The coupling involved improvements on interactions of the water flow and the concentration the pollutant of at the soil interface between both compartments. The monitoring data collected from experimental plots in Tsukuba, Japan in 1998 and 1999 were used to parameterise and calibrate hydraulic functioning, hydrodynamic and hydrodispersive parameters of the paddy soil. The analysis on the hydraulic functioning of paddy soil revealed that the hard pan layer was the key factor controlling percolation rate and tracer transport. Matric potential and tracer monitoring highlighted the evolution of saturated hydraulic conductivity (K _S) of hard pan layer during the crop season. K _S slightly decreased after puddling by clay clogging and strongly increased after mid term drainage by drying cracks. The model was able to calculate residential time in every soil layers. Residential time of tracer in top saturated layers was evaluated to be less than 40 days. It took 60 days to reach the unsaturated layers below hardpan layer.  相似文献   

Generation and soil detection of nitrate-nonutilizing mutants of Diaporthe destruens causing foot rot of sweet potato     

Nomiyama  Koji  Tomioka  Keisuke  Nakaho  Kazuhiro 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2022,88(2):128-133

Journal of General Plant Pathology - Three nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants of a soil-borne fungus, Diaporthe destruens, pathogen of foot rot of sweet potato, were generated with a...  相似文献   

Influence of a rare sugar, d-Psicose, on the physicochemical and functional properties of an aerated food system containing egg albumen     

Sun Y  Hayakawa S  Ogawa M  Fukada K  Izumori K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(12):4789-4796

d-Psicose (Psi) might be an ideal sucrose (Suc) substitute for food products due to its sweet taste, easy processing, and functional properties (noncaloric and low glycemic response). In the present study, the effects of Psi on foaming properties of egg white (EW) protein and the quality of butter cookies were analyzed to find a better use of Psi in aerated food systems. The results showed that Psi could improve the foaming properties of EW protein with increasing whipping time in comparison to Suc and d-fructose (Fru). The addition of Psi to butter cookies, as partial replacement of Suc, had no influence on the cook loss while significantly contributing to a color change of the cookie crust through a nonenzymatic browning reaction. Furthermore, Psi-containing cookies possessed the highest antioxidant capacity in all tested cookies using two assays of radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power. It was found that there was a close correlation between the crust color and the antioxidant activity of the cookie. The results suggest that the addition of Psi enhanced the browning reaction during cookie processing and, consequently, produced a strong antioxidant activity.  相似文献   

Seasonal changes in otolith and somatic growth in age-0 Pacific saury <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cololabis saira</Emphasis>     

Satoshi Suyama  Kazuhiro Oshima  Masayasu Nakagami  Atsushi Kawabata 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(2):223-233

We evaluated the seasonal changes in otolith and somatic growth of age-0 Pacific saury Cololabis saira in 223 fish collected between June and November 2002. We calculated the age in days of each individual by measuring otolith growth increments under a scanning electron microscope. The age was correlated with body length and otolith radius. We also observed seasonal changes in the rate of increase in body length and otolith radius and in the pattern of otolith growth. Until August, both body length and otolith radius increased with age. Thereafter, the otolith radius continued to increase, whereas the rate of somatic growth decreased. As a result, the ratio of otolith radius to body length increased. After August, the percentage of otoliths with unreadable increments on their edge increased due to the formation of hyaline zones. Otoliths grew both radially and in thickness until July, but gradually stopped growing in thickness after August. Beginning in October, more than 80% of otoliths only grew radially. After August, the otolith not only continued growing but the morphological growth pattern also changed.  相似文献   

Enhanced local recruitment of glass eel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguilla japonica</Emphasis> in Oyodo River,Miyazaki and offshore environmental conditions in 2002     

Kazuhiro Aoki  Toshihiro Yamamoto  Nobuto Fukuda  Kazuki Yokouchi  Hiroaki Kurogi  Takashi Setou  Hiroshi Kuroda  Takahiko Kameda  Kazuhiro Takafuji  Tsutomu Tokeshi 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(5):777-785

To examine the environmental factors controlling the inshore recruitment dynamics of Anguilla japonica in the Oyodo River, Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu, glass eel samplings were carried out using fyke nets during winter (November–March) of 1994–2014. The peak CPUEs (catch per unit effort) were observed between November and February, but differed from year to year. The yearly CPUE was extremely high in 2002, when the sea surface temperature (SST) in the offshore area of the Oyodo River was the lowest in winter of all the sampling years. The negative SST anomaly of less than ? 0.5 °C was sustained in the offshore area during the recruitment season in 2002, which was caused by two combined factors; low air temperature and the Kuroshio path. The oceanographic data showed that the dominant path of the Kuroshio was displaced eastward at 31°N in 2002, which was different from the average Kuroshio path. The eastward displacement of the Kuroshio induced a cyclonic mesoscale eddy in the offshore area of the Oyodo River, resulting in the entrainment of the cold seawater into coastal waters from deep water. The oceanographic condition in relation to the continuous low SST could be favorable for local recruitment of glass eels.  相似文献