Multiformulation dips for controlling storage disorders of apples and pears. I. Assessing fungicides     

C.R. Little  H.J. Taylor  I.D. Peggie 《Scientia Horticulturae》1980,13(3):213-219

When applied as post-harvest dips on ‘Granny Smith’ or ‘Jonathan’ apples and ‘Packham Triumph’ pears, the fungitoxic effect of Benlate, Rovral, Dithane M45 or Imazalil was not adversely affected by the presence of diphenylamine or calcium chloride. Best protection from storage rots was obtained with Rovral and Imazalil on ‘Granny Smith’; Benlate, Rovral and Imazalil on ‘Jonathan’ and Rovral or a Dithane M45 Benlate mix on ‘Packham’ pears. Calcium chloride in these dips reduced ‘Jonathan’ breakdown and when mixed with Benlate, Rovral or Imazalil, it improved retention of fruit firmness. A disadvantage of calcium chloride in dips was its effect of increasing skin injury (lenticel spot) on ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Jonathan’. Scald control by diphenylamine was unaffected by the presence of calcium chloride or fungicides.  相似文献   

The sulfobromophthalein (BSP) liver function test for sheep     

R E Tucker  G E Mitchell  C O Little 《Journal of animal science》1971,32(6):1190-1194

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Nutrient digestibility using fecal collection apparatus and indicator method for steers fed ad libitum     

P A Phar  N W Bradley  C O Little  L V Cundiff  J A Boling 《Journal of animal science》1971,33(3):695-697

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Porcine circovirus 2-associated disease in Eurasian wild boar.     

John Ellis  Maria Spinato  Choon Yong  Keith West  Francis McNeilly  Brian Meehan  Seamus Kennedy  Edward Clark  Steven Krakowka  Gordon Allan 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2003,15(4):364-368

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) was first identified in high-health herds of domestic swine and was associated with a debilitating disease called postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Most subsequent studies have indicated that PCV2 infects only swine but there is little information on porcids other than improved breeds of domestic swine. Multisystemic disease was reported in a group of Eurasian wild boars raised under free-range conditions. Affected young pigs had pneumonia and enteritis and were cachectic. Porcine circovirus 2 was identified in affected tissue by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, and a PCV2-like virus was isolated from pooled organs. The open reading frame (ORF2) of the isolated PCV2 had a 98.7% homology with the ORF2 of a reference PCV2 isolate. These diagnostic data indicate that PCV2 can infect and cause disease in Sus scrofa subspecies other than domestic swine.  相似文献   

Use of a 13C-aminopyrine blood test: first clinical impressions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Deirdre Chiaramonte  Jrg M. Steiner  John D. Broussard  Keith Baer  Sheila Gumminger  Erik M. Moeller  David A. Williams    Rene Shumway 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2003,67(3):183-188

The purpose of this study was to collect initial data to determine the potential clinical usefulness of a ¹³C-aminopyrine demethylation blood test, and whether additional clinical investigation is warranted. Six dogs, initially suspected of having hepatic disease based on their history, physical examination, imaging studies, general laboratory parameters, or any combination of the above, were enrolled in the study. A baseline blood sample was collected, 2 mg/kg ¹³C-aminopyrine was administered intravenously, and another blood sample was collected 45 min afterwards. Carbon dioxide was extracted from the blood samples and analyzed using fractional mass spectrometry. Results from the ¹³C-aminopyrine demethylation blood test were compared to clinical data and histologic findings. Intravenous administration of ¹³C-aminopyrine leads to a decrease in the percent dose of ¹³C recovered from dogs with histologically confirmed liver disease. Based on our results, a full-scale investigation of the potential clinical usefulness of a ¹³C-aminopyrine demethylation blood test for assessment of hepatic function in dogs is warranted.  相似文献   

The protective effect of vaccination against experimental pneumonia in cattle with Haemophilus somnus outer membrane antigens and interference by lipopolysaccharide.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

S V Silva  P B Little 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1990,54(3):326-330

A semi-purified outer membrane anionic antigen (AA) fraction was isolated from Haemophilus somnus by a modified procedure of anion exchange chromatography to yield a protein fraction free of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The AA fraction (1 mg) was administered with or without the homologous lipopolysaccharide (10 micrograms/kg body weight) as vaccines to groups of cattle twice, three weeks apart. A control group which did not receive any antigen was included in the trial. Six weeks after the first vaccination, the animals were challenged intratracheally with a virulent pneumonic strain of H. somnus (70986) and observed for clinical signs of respiratory disease. The cattle were euthanized six days later and the lungs were evaluated for the severity of lesions macroscopically as well as histopathologically. Vaccination with AA alone provided the best protection against pneumonia as indicated by significantly lower clinical scores, less extensive gross lung lesions and mild histopathological lesions with immune cell infiltration. However, when AA was combined with LPS in the vaccination, this protective effect was negated and the animals showed more detrimental histopathological lesions than the controls.  相似文献   

An evaluation of the API ZYM system as a means of identifying Haemophilus somnus and related taxa.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

S C Groom  M J Hazlett    P B Little 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1986,50(2):238-244

The commercially available API ZYM microbiological identification system was evaluated for the rapid identification of Haemophilus somnus. Eighty-seven isolates of the organism had API ZYM profiles which were characteristic. The API ZYM profiles demonstrate clear differences between H. somnus and other genera but suggest a close association to three related organisms. Enzyme activity of H. somnus isolates were similar to organisms identified as Histophilus ovis, Haemophilus agni and strains UQV of Actinobacillus actinoides and Actinobacillus seminis but was clearly different from isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica and group EF4. The API ZYM system allowed more rapid identification of H. somnus than conventional biochemical tests and may be a useful adjunct to conventional methods used for identification of H. somnus isolates. The test did not reveal obvious differences between isolates from various anatomic locations.  相似文献   

Post-weaning coccidiosis in beef calves in the dry tropics: Experimental control with continuous monensin supplementation via intra-ruminal devices and concurrent epidemiological observations     

R. J. Parker  G. W. Jones  Keith J. Ellis  K. M. Heater  K. L. Schroter  R. Tyler  R. G. Holroyd 《Tropical animal health and production》1986,18(4):198-208

Summary Post-weaningEimeria zuernii coccidiosis in beef calves was treated prophylactically with monensin from intra-ruminal continuous release devices. The evaluation of four treatments during three consecutive years also allowed observations on the epidemiology of this disease to be made. Monensin was an effective prophylactic and the intra-ruminal devices were a convenient method of continuous administration over a one to two month period. The three years of the trial included two characteristically very dry and one unusually wet weaning period. Coccidiosis was more severe in the dry years suggesting that oocyst challenge was less important than the immunodepressive effect of weaning and dietary stress in precipitating disease. Severe disease also occurred in calves subsequent to elimination of oocyst shedding by monensin during the initial treatment trial. The occurrence of disease in conditions inimical to oocyst survival and development and after treatment suggested a role for arrested endogenous stages.

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Resumen Se trató la coccidiosis clínica postdestete, porEimeria zuernii, en terneros para la producción de carne, mediante el siministro intraruminal de monensina. La aplicación de la droga se hizo, mediante combinaciones farmacéuticas que permiten la liberación contínua de la droga. La evaluación de cuatro tratamientos durante tres a?os consecutivos, permitió tambien la observación sobre la epidemiología de la enfermedad. La monensina actuó efectivamente como droga profiláctica y las combinaciones farmacéuticas utilizadas, permitieron la administración contínua de la misma por períodos de más de uno y dos meses. Los tres a?os del ensayo, incluyeron dos períodos de destete en la estación seca y uno en la lluviosa. La coccidiosis fue más severa en la estación seca, sugiriendo, que la descarga de ooquistes fue menos importante como causal de la enfermedad, que el estrés del destete. La enfermedad tambien se presentó en forma severa, en los terneros que eliminaron ooquistes despues del suminístro de monensina, en los ensayos de tratamiento iniciales. La ocurrencia de la enfermedad en condiciones imprópias para la supervivencia de los ooquistes y despues del tratamiento, sugieren la acción de los estados latentes del parásito.

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Résumé La prophylaxie de la coccidiose d’après sevrage àEimeria zuernu des veaux de boucherie a été mise en place avec des dispositifs intra-ruminaux délivrant de la monensin de manière continue. L’évaluation de 4 traitements pendant 3 années consécutives a permis l’obtention d’observations épidémiologiques. La monensin s’est montrée être une substance prophylactique efficace et les dispositifs intra-ruminaux un moyen efficace d’administration continue sur une période de 1 à 2 mois. Les 3 années de la durée de l’essai ont porté sur 2 périodes caractéristiquement très sèches et sur une période anormalement humide. La coccidiose a été plus sévére pendant les années sèches, suggérant que la pression due aux ookystes est moins importante que l’immunodépression due au sevrage et le stress alimentaire pour faire éclore la maladie. Pendant le traitement initial, une maladie sévère s’est déclarée chez les veaux après arrêt de l’élimination des ookystes par la monensin. L’apparition d’une maladie dans des conditions défavorables à la survie et au développement des ookystes, et après traitement, suggère un r?le de stades endogènes retardés.

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Management of a keratoma in a horse: A case report     

M. Keith Chaffin DVM  G. Kent Carter DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM  Don Sustaire 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1989,9(6):323-326

An 8-year-old Thoroughbred gelding presented with chronic intermittent lameness of the left forelimb. Keratoma was diagnosed based on history, clinical signs and the radiographic evidence of a radiolucent concavity of the third phalanx. The keratoma was removed by hoof wall resection and the foot was immobilized using a bar shoe with clips and a dorsal hoof wall plate positioned across the hoof wall defect. The hoof wall defect was completely filled with new hoof wall by 9 months postoperatively. The horse returned to normal athletic function and is performing successfully 18 months later.  相似文献   

Quantitative microanalysis of equine synovial fluid glycosaminoglycan concentration     

C B Little  B J Hilbert  S Wickstrom  B E Hedlund 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(10):1534-1539

An alcian blue precipitation method for quantifying the hyaluronic acid (HA) and sulphated glycosaminoglycan concentration (SGAG) in solutions containing both compounds was assessed. The assay was found to be rapid and reliable in solutions containing 0 to 200 mg of HA/dl and 50 to 1,000 micrograms of SGAG/dl, and was not affected by the presence of protein, hemoglobin, or methemoglobin in concentrations normally found in synovial fluid. The HA and SGAG concentrations in intercarpal synovial fluid from 13 clinically normal and 11 arthritic horses were evaluated. A relationship was not found between the concentration of HA and SGAG and any other synovial fluid variable. The SGAG concentration was found to be markedly high in several of the synovial fluid samples from arthritic horses, but did not correlate with the degree of articular cartilage erosion.  相似文献