Effects of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and curcumin on copper-induced oxidation of human serum lipids     

Ahuja KD  Kunde DA  Ball MJ  Geraghty DP 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(17):6436-6439

The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is believed to be the initiating factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The active ingredients of spices such as chili and turmeric (capsaicin and curcumin, respectively) have been shown to reduce the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation. One of the techniques used to study the oxidation of LDL is to isolate LDL and subject it to metal-induced (copper or iron) oxidation. However, whole serum may represent a closer situation to in vivo conditions than using isolated LDL. We investigated the effects of different concentrations (0.1-3 microM) of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and curcumin on copper-induced oxidation of serum lipoproteins. The lag time (before initiation of oxidation) and rate of oxidation (slope of propagation phase) were calculated. The lag time increased, and the rate of oxidation decreased with increasing concentrations of the tested antioxidants (p < 0.05). A 50% increase in lag time (from control) was observed at concentrations between 0.5 and 0.7 microM for capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and curcumin. This study shows that oxidation of serum lipids is reduced by capsaicinoids and curcumin in a concentration-dependent manner.  相似文献   

Proteomics analysis of rat brain protein modulations by grape seed extract   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Deshane J  Chaves L  Sarikonda KV  Isbell S  Wilson L  Kirk M  Grubbs C  Barnes S  Meleth S  Kim H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(26):7872-7883

Dietary supplements such as grape seed extract (GSE) enriched in proanthocyanidins (PA) (oligomeric polyphenols) have been suggested to have multiple health benefits, due to antioxidant and other beneficial activities of the PA. However, a systematic analysis of the molecular basis of these benefits has not been demonstrated. Because the brain is vulnerable to age-related oxidative damage and other insults including inflammation, it was hypothesized that rats ingesting GSE would experience changes in expression or modifications of specific brain proteins that might protect against pathologic events. Normal adult female rats were fed diets supplemented with 5% GSE for 6 weeks. Proteomics analysis (2D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry) of brain homogenates from these animals identified 13 proteins that were altered in amount and/or charge. Because many of these changes were quantitatively in the opposite direction from previous findings for the same proteins in either Alzheimer disease or mouse models of neurodegeneration, the data suggest that these identified proteins may mediate the neuroprotective actions of GSE. This is the first identification and quantitation of specific proteins in mammalian tissues modulated by a dietary supplement, as well as the first to demonstrate links of such proteins with any disease.  相似文献   

Pathogenicity of CL-1 chicken anemia agent.     

C M Lamichhane  D B Snyder  M A Goodwin  S A Mengel  J Brown  T G Dickson 《Avian diseases》1991,35(3):515-522

Twelve-day-old broiler-type chickens had hemorrhagic necrotic wing tips. After 10 blind subcultures in an MDCC-MSB1 cell line, a virus (so-called chick anemia agent [CAA]) was isolated and designated CL-1 CAA. Five-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicken embryos from a commercial breeder flock that were found not to possess antibody against CAA were infected with CL-1 virus via yolk-sac injection. Many (49%) infected embryos were small and apparently had died from severe systemic hemorrhage. Hatched chicks were small and had pale feathers, skin, skeletal muscles, bone marrow, and viscera. All infected chicks had small thymuses. These thymuses often were so small that they could not be found grossly (P = 0.002). Anemia occurred within 4 days post-hatch. Microscopically, all hematopoietic organs were markedly atrophic. Septic necrotizing lesions were seen only in organs from CL-1-injected chicks. Physicochemical and pathological characteristics of this virus indicate that it is similar to other isolates of CAA found in Europe and Japan.  相似文献   

Geographical distribution and prevalence of tick‐borne encephalitis virus in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks and phylogeographic structure of the Ixodes ricinus vector in Norway     

Rose Vikse  Katrine M. Paulsen  Kristin Skarsfjord Edgar  John H.‐O. Pettersson  Preben Skrede Ottesen  Yohannes Bein Okbaldet  Nosheen Kiran  Alaka Lamsal  Heidi Elisabeth H. Lindstedt  Benedikte Nevjen Pedersen  Arnulf Soleng  shild K. Andreassen 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(4):370-381

The tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a zoonotic flaviviral infection, is endemic in large parts of Norway and Eurasia. Humans are mainly infected with TBEV via bites from infected ticks. In Norway, the main geographical distribution of ticks is along the Norwegian coastline from southeast (~59°N) and up to the southern parts of Nordland County (~65°N). In this study, we collected ticks by flagging along the coast from Østfold County to Nordland County. By whole‐genome sequencing of the mitochondrial genome of Ixodes ricinus, the phylogenetic tree suggests that there is limited phylogeographic structure both in Norway and in Europe. The overall TBEV prevalence is 0.3% for nymphs and 4.3% for adults. The highest estimated TBEV prevalence in adult ticks was detected in Rogaland and Vestfold County, while for nymphs it is highest in Vestfold, Vest‐Agder and Rogaland. The present work is one of the largest studies on distribution and prevalence of TBEV in ticks in Scandinavia, showing that the virus is wider distributed in Norway than previously anticipated.  相似文献   

Characterization and relative mineral quantification of male gametophytes of garlic chives (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel)     

Manjunathagowda  Dalasanuru Chandregowda  Benke  Ashwini Prashant  Bhagat  Kiran P.  Mahajan  Vijay  Jayaswall  Kuldip  Singh  Major 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(1):461-468

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Garlic chives (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel) are an underutilized and neglected food crop of the Allium genus. For the future genetic development of...  相似文献   

Supporting undergraduate research     

Ali F  Jadavji NM  Ong WC  Pandey KR  Patananan AN  Prabhala HK  Yang CH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5834):42

  相似文献   

Integrated multi-enterprise agricultural system for sustaining livelihood,energy use and resource recycling: a case study from semi-arid tropics of central India     

Palsaniya  D. R.  Kumar  Sunil  Das  M. M.  Kumar  T. Kiran  Kumar  Sunil  Chaudhary  Manoj  Chand  Khem  Rai  S. K.  Ahmed  Akram  Sahay  C. S.  Choudhary  Mukesh 《Agroforestry Systems》2021,95(8):1619-1634

Agroforestry Systems - Integrated farming system (IFS) has been the way of life of agrarian people in semi-arid tropics (SAT) of India and other developing countries. However, there has been losing...  相似文献   

Carcass characteristics,composition, physico-chemical,microbial and sensory quality of emu meat     

B.M. Naveena  A.R. Sen  M. Muthukumar  P.S. Girish  Y. Praveen Kumar  M. Kiran 《British poultry science》2013,54(3):329-336

1. In order to investigate whether emu meat is a potential red meat alternative, this work was carried out with the objective of studying the carcass characteristics, proximate composition, physico-chemical and microbial characteristics and sensory attributes of emu meat.

2. Carcass characteristics clearly indicate that emus are a significant source of lean meat, fat, skin and edible by-products and these findings confirm earlier reports.

3. Proximate composition of emu meat indicated higher protein and ash content and lower fat, total lipids and cholesterol content than meat from other meat animals.

4. The pH, water holding capacity, collagen content and solubility, protein extractability, muscle fibre diameter and Warner–Bratzler shear force values of emu meat are similar to the earlier reports for meats from other food animals.

5. Emu meat is dark, cherry red in colour with significantly higher myoglobin content and the myoglobin is more prone to oxidation as evidenced by higher initial metmyoglobin percentage. The initial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values and free fatty acids percentage in emu meat were higher than those in meats from other species.

6. Sensory evaluation of cooked emu meat curry revealed highly acceptable scores relative to goat meat curry, the most preferred meat in India.

7. The study shows the potential of emu meat as a new source of low fat, quality meat proteins. However, more studies are required to elucidate the effect of age, sex, muscles, pre-slaughter and post-slaughter factors on different carcass and meat quality characteristics.  相似文献   

Effect of long-term balanced and imbalanced inorganic fertilizer and FYM application on chemical fraction of DTPA-extractable micronutrients and yields under rice–wheat cropping system in mollisols     

Manoj K. Bhatt  Kiran P. Raverkar  Ramesh Chandra  Navneet Pareek  Rini Labanya  Vineet Kumar  Shikhar Kaushik  Dhananjay K. Singh 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(2):261-273

The imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers under intensive cultivation practices over a period of years leads to various soil-associated problems particularly nutrient availability. Thus, to examine the effect of long-term application of balanced and imbalanced inorganic fertilizer and farm yard manure (FYM) application on the chemical fraction of DTPA-extractable micronutrients under rice–wheat cropping system after 29 years, the observations were recorded from the ongoing field experiment at Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India. An application of balanced inorganic fertilizer with FYM in rice, while without FYM in wheat significantly improved the DTPA-extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu after rice and wheat crops in both the surface and sub-surface soil layers. Lowest DTPA-extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were recorded, in surface and sub-surface soil under rice and wheat crops in control. The highest DTPA-extractable Zn, in both surface and sub-surface layers of rice (3.31, 1.62 mg kg⁻¹, respectively) and wheat (2.96, 0.99 mg kg⁻¹, respectively) was recorded because of application of N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F) + FYM in rice and N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F) in wheat. However, the DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn and Cu were highest in rice and wheat because of N₁₂₀+P₄₀+K₄₀+FYM and N₁₂₀+P₄₀+K₄₀ application, respectively. The balanced use of inorganic fertilizer with FYM (N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F) + FYM) in rice and without FYM [N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F)] in wheat supported the highest rice (6.74 t ha⁻¹) and wheat (3.50 t ha⁻¹) grain yields, while lowest in control. Based on the study results, long-term application of FYM at 5 tonnes ha⁻¹ in rice crop sustained the availability of DTPA-extractable cationic micronutrients to rice and wheat in Mollisols.  相似文献   

Psyllium and acrylic acid based polymeric networks synthesized under the influence of γ-radiations for sustained release of fungicide     

Kiran Kumar  B. S. Kaith 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(2):147-152

The present study deals with the utilization of psyllium and acrylic acid based hydrogels, synthesized under the influence of γ-radiations, in sustained delivery of copper sulfate, used as a fungicide in agricultural fields. Swelling behavior of the synthesized hydrogel was investigated in distilled water as functions of time, temperature, and pH. It was found that the hydrogel showed maximum of 10,578 % swelling at 25 °C for 24 h. The hydrogel was then checked for its sustained fungicide release behavior. It was observed that the hydrogel has been found to follow Non-Fickian type mechanism for the fungicide release. The ‘n’ and ‘k’ have been found to be 0.71 and 7.61×10⁻³, respectively.  相似文献