Occurrence of intraportally-infused urea-15N in the urine of domestic fowl.     

Y Karasawa  T Koji  M Maeda 《British poultry science》1992,33(5):1095-1100

1. Measurements were made in situ to determine the occurrence of intraportally infused urea-15N in ureteral urine of the fowl. 2. Of the total amount of infused urea-15N, 15% was excreted intact into the urine (90% of urinary total 15N) whereas 9% remained unchanged in the blood (78% of blood non-protein-15N). 3. The proportions of non-protein-15N in the blood, liver and kidney were 12, 3 and 1%, respectively of the infused 15N. Protein-15N was 3% of that infused in blood and much less in liver and kidney. 4. About 1% of the infused 15N was observed in the urinary uric acid, and 3% of the infused 15N in non-protein N, other than urea, ammonia and glutamine amide N, of blood and liver. 5. No appreciable amounts of 15N were present in ammonia and glutamine amide N of blood, liver or kidney and in uric acid of liver or kidney. 6. The caecal contents contained about 1% of the infused 15N with 15% of this as ammonia-15N. 7. It is concluded that intraportal urea is mostly excreted unchanged into ureteral urine of the fowl.  相似文献   

Detection of uremic peaks in dogs by anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography.     

M Kawamura  F Ohashi  F Murakami  N Takai  R Nishimura  N Sasaki  A Takeuchi 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(5):951-955

Sera of dogs with gentamicin-induced uremia were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography system with strongly basic macroreticular anion exchange resin. Satisfactory separation of peaks was achieved with good reproducibility after deproteinization of sera with trichloroacetic acid at a final concentration of 3%, confirming that the system was suitable for qualitative analysis of uremic serum. The chromatograms showed that the number of peaks and the peak area had relation to concentrations of serum urea nitrogen or creatinine and severity of uremia. Four peaks were selected as suspected canine uremic peaks with high correlation to serum creatinine concentrations which were hardly influenced by extrarenal factors. The results suggested that these four fractions might contain uremic toxins.  相似文献   

Primary isolation of cytopathic bovine rotaviruses on fetal rhesus monkey kidney cells     

Y Murakami  N Nishioka  Y Hashiguchi  C Kuniyasu 《Veterinary microbiology》1983,8(2):135-139

Primary isolation of bovine rotaviruses was successfully performed on rolling cultures of MA104 cells following trypsin treatment of fecal samples and cells. Fifty-one fecal samples were obtained from 22 herds affected with naturally-occurring acute diarrhea in calves during a period of over two years. Rotavirus particles were demonstrated in only 10 fecal samples by electron microscopy. Fourteen cytopathic bovine rotaviruses were isolated from positive samples and could be serially cultivated on MA104 cells. The presence of virus was identified by specific immunofluorescence in infected cells. These data indicated that approximately 30% of the herds affected with acute diarrhea in their calves were associated with rotavirus infection.  相似文献   

Adrenal Renin is Localized in Lysosomal Granules     

Y. Kon    Y. Hashimoto    M. Sugimura  K. Murakami 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1993,22(4):324-327

Both renin and cathepsin B were co-localized in identical granules of adrenocortical cells. At day 16 of gestation, many renin-containing granules were observed and gold particles showed homogeneous intragranular distribution; whereas, those for cathepsin B was distributed heterogene-ously. At day 18 of gestation, renin immunoreactivity was decreased or undetectable, whereas cathepsin B was still demonstrated at the same level as on day 16 of gestation.  相似文献   

Characterization of complement-independent neutralizing epitopes on pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gp50.     

T Tsuda  S Yamada  Y Murakami  T Sugimura 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(3):533-535

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Effects of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 injection on plasma 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentration in lactating cows     

Y Naito  A Sato  R Sato  K Taniguchi  D Murakami 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1987,49(3):477-483

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Prevention of calf diarrhea with an immunoglobulin diet in beef herds     

T Murakami  N Hirano  A Inoue  K Tsuchiya  K Chitose  K Ono  T Yanagihara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1986,48(5):879-885

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Reliability of using reagent test strips to estimate blood urea nitrogen concentration in dogs and cats     

Berent AC  Murakami T  Scroggin RD  Borjesson DL 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,227(8):1253-1256

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical accuracy of reagent test strips used to estimate BUN concentration in dogs and cats. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 116 dogs and 58 cats. PROCEDURE: Blood samples were collected at the time of admission to the hospital. Estimates of BUN concentration obtained with reagent test strips (category 1 [5 to 15 mg/dL], 2 (15 to 26 mg/dL], 3 [30 to 40 mg/dL], or 4 [50 to 80 mg/dL]) were compared with SUN concentrations measured with an automated analyzer. For dogs, category 1 and 2 test strip results were considered a negative result (nonazotemic) and category 3 and 4 test strip results were considered a positive result (azotemic). For cats, category 1, 2, and 3 test strip results were considered a negative result (nonazotemic) and category 4 test strip results were considered a positive result (azotemic). RESULTS: On the basis of SUN concentration, 40 of the 174 (23%) animals (20 dogs and 20 cats) were classified as azotemic. One dog and 2 cats had false-negative test strip results, and 1 dog had a false-positive result. Sensitivity and specificity were 95% (20/21) and 99% (94/95), respectively, for dogs and 87% (13/15) and 100% (43/43), respectively, for cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that reagent test strips are a reliable method for rapidly estimating BUN concentrations in dogs and cats. Because test strip results are only semiquantitative and there remains a potential for misclassification, especially in cats, urea nitrogen concentration should ultimately be verified by means of standard chemistry techniques.  相似文献   

Cloning of swine desmoglein 1 and its direct proteolysis by Staphylococcus hyicus exfoliative toxins isolated from pigs with exudative epidermitis     

Nishifuji K  Fudaba Y  Yamaguchi T  Iwasaki T  Sugai M  Amagai M 《Veterinary dermatology》2005,16(5):315-323

Exudative epidermitis (EE) is an acute, often fatal skin disease of piglets caused by Staphylococcus hyicus. Clinical and histopathological manifestations of EE are similar to those of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), a human blistering skin disease, in which exfoliative toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus digest the extracellular domains of desmoglein (Dsg) 1 and cause loss of epidermal cell-cell adhesion. The aims of this study were to isolate and characterize cDNA for full length of swine Dsg1, and to determine whether the extracellular domains of swine Dsg1 produced by baculovirus (sDsg1-His) could be digested by four isoforms of exfoliative toxin produced by S. hyicus (ExhA, ExhB, ExhC and ExhD). Nucleotide sequencing revealed that swine Dsg1 cDNA consisted of an open reading frame of 3138 bp, encoding a precursor protein of 1045 amino acids. Deduced amino acid sequence of the swine Dsg1 precursor were highly homologous to corresponding bovine, canine, human and murine sequences. Immunoadsorption assay with a secreted form of sDsg1-His revealed that sDsg1-His specifically absorbs the immunoreactivity of 10 human pemphigus foliaceus sera against swine keratinocyte cell surfaces, suggesting its proper conformation. When sDsg1-His was incubated in vitro with Exhs, all four isoforms of Exh directly digested sDsg1-His into smaller peptides, whereas removal of calcium from sDsg1-His completely inhibited its proteolysis by these four Exhs. Recognition and digestion of calcium-stabilized structure on the extracellular domains of swine Dsg1 by Exhs indicated that EE shares similar molecular pathophysiological mechanisms of intra-epidermal splitting with SSSS in humans.  相似文献   

Induction of superovulation by immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin in immature rats     

Ishigame H  Medan MS  Kawaguchi M  Fukuda A  Watanabe G  Arai KY  Taya K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2005,51(5):559-566

The effects of passive immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin on ovulation rate in immature rats were investigated. Efficiency of superovulation on production of fertilized oocytes was compared between the inhibin antiserum (inhibin-AS) and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) protocols. Immature female Wistar strain rats were superovulated with a single injection of 100-200 microl inhibin-AS, with and without an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). A total of 77.8% of the 26-30-day-old rats treated with a single injection of 100-200 microl inhibin-AS ovulated 72 h after treatment, while rats given normal goat serum (NGS; 200 microl) did not ovulate. At 28 days of age, all of the inhibin-AS treated rats ovulated when additional hCG treatment was given, whereas the number of ovulated oocytes was not affected. The number of ovulated oocytes in the inhibin-AS-hCG treated groups was significantly higher than that of the NGS-hCG treated group. In addition, plasma concentrations of FSH in the inhibin-AS-hCG treated group significantly increased compared with the NGS treated group. While the percentage of mated rats in the 200 microl inhibin-AS-hCG treated group was significantly lower than that of the 15 IU eCG-hCG treated group, the fertilization rate was comparable between the two groups. The number of fertilized oocytes in the 200 microl inhibin-AS-hCG treated group was significantly higher in comparison with the 15 IU eCG-hCG treated group. These results suggest that immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin could be a reliable method for induction of superovulation to collect a large number of normally fertilized oocytes in immature rats.  相似文献