Fitness costs and stability of Cry1Fa resistance in Brazilian populations of Spodoptera frugiperda          下载免费PDF全文

Oscar F Santos‐Amaya  Clébson S Tavares  João Victor C Rodrigues  Silverio O Campos  Raul Narciso C Guedes  Analiza P Alves  Eliseu José G Pereira 《Pest management science》2017,73(1):35-43

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Oocyte viability and cortical activation under different salt solutions in Prochilodus lineatus (Teleostei: Prochilodontidae)          下载免费PDF全文

DC Ribeiro  JMA Chagas  C Bashiyo‐Silva  RS Costa  R Veríssimo‐Silveira  A Ninhaus‐Silveira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(6):932-938

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of five salt solutions in the maintenance of morphological features of cortical alveolus, hydration and fertilization capacity of Prochilodus lineatus oocytes. For this purpose, five saline solutions were tested: Ringer's solution, Ringer's lactate solution, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), Hank's balanced salt solution without calcium (HBSS without calcium) and solution for salmonid eggs. Oocytes were maintained for 2 hr in saline solution with controlled temperature subsequently evaluated for hydration, cortical activation and fertilization ability. In the evaluation of the fertilization ability, two controls were used: C1—fertilized oocytes after extrusion—and C2—oocytes kept in ovarian fluid and fertilized after 2 hr. There was a significant reduction in the viability of oocytes C2 (28.8% ± 12.9%) compared to C1 (65.3% ± 26.7%), and no significant differences were found between treatments HBSS and HBSS without calcium and C2. Only HBSS and HBSS without calcium maintained the non‐activated state of the gametes, with a fertilization rate of 16.4% ± 6.7% and 5.6% ± 2.3%, respectively; however, they did not extend the viability of oocytes, such that they continued to undergo degradation during the storage period, similar to oocytes retained only in ovarian fluid.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Mollicutes Microorganisms in Respiratory Disease of Cattle and Their Relationship to Clinical Signs          下载免费PDF全文

G. Tortorelli  N. Carrillo Gaeta  B.L. Mendonça Ribeiro  L. Miranda Marques  J. Timenetsky  L. Gregory 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2017,31(4):1215-1220

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Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture for postoperative pain management in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy     

Matheus R. Ribeiro  Carolina B. de Carvalho  Ricardo H.Z. Pereira  Gabriel M. Nicácio  Rejane B. Brinholi  Renata N. Cassu 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(5):1236-1244

Objective

To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) as an adjuvant for postoperative pain management in cats.

Study design

Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical study.

Animals

Twenty cats aged (mean ± standard deviation) 25 ± 9 months and weighing 2.7 ± 0.6 kg undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

Methods

The cats were sedated with intramuscular (IM) ketamine (5 mg kg^?1), midazolam (0.5 mg kg^?1) and tramadol (2 mg kg^?1). The cats were randomly distributed before induction of anesthesia into two groups of 10 cats each: group YNSA, in which bilateral basic D points were stimulated with a dry needle from 20 minutes prior to anesthetic induction to the end of the surgery; group Control, in which no acupuncture was applied. Postoperative analgesia was assessed at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours postextubation using an Interactive Visual Analog Scale and Universidade Estadual Paulista-Botucatu Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale (UNESP-Botucatu MCPS). Rescue analgesia was provided with IM tramadol (2 mg kg^?1), and the pain scores were reassessed 30 minutes after rescue intervention. If the analgesia remained insufficient, meloxicam (0.2 mg kg^?1 as a single dose) was administered IM. Data were analyzed using Student t-test, Fisher exact test, Mann–Whitney U test and Friedman test (p < 0.05).

Results

Significantly lower pain scores were observed in YNSA when compared with Control at 1–4 hours based on the UNESP-Botucatu MCPS scores. Although significant differences were not identified between groups requiring rescue analgesia, additional postoperative analgesia was administered to four of 10 cats in Control and no cats in YNSA.

Conclusion and clinical relevance

Perioperative YNSA resulted in decreased pain scores and a reduction in postoperative requirement for rescue analgesia in cats. This method should be considered a viable option as an adjuvant analgesic therapy for cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary seaweed supplementation on growth performance,antioxidant and immune responses in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) subjected to rearing temperature and salinity oscillations     

Lobo  Gaspar  Pereira  Luís F.  Gonçalves  José F. M.  Peixoto  Maria J.  Ozório  Rodrigo O. A. 《International Aquatic Research》2018,10(4):321-331

The current study evaluated the effects of dietary seaweed supplementation in European seabass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) subjected to rearing temperature and salinity oscillations, simulating natural variations in pond aquaculture conditions. Two experimental diets where formulated: a control diet (CTRL) with no supplementation and one supplemented with 7.5% seaweed mix (SW 2.5% Fucus sp., 2.5% Gracilaria sp. and 2.5% Ulva sp.). Seabass from both dietary groups (40.7 g initial body weight) was subjected to either combined salinity and temperature oscillations, or to fixed conditions. Growth performance, innate immune, and oxidative stress responses were evaluated. Results showed that seaweed supplementation had no significant effect on the analyzed parameters. However, environmental oscillations revealed significant effects on growth performance and oxidative stress response. Fish subjected to salinity and temperature oscillations had a significantly lower weight gain and daily growth index than those subjected to fixed conditions, regardless of dietary treatment. Total glutathione, oxidized glutathione, and catalase increased in fish subjected to oscillatory conditions. Lysozyme and peroxidase were not influenced by either diet or environmental conditions. In conclusion, this particular dietary seaweed mix supplementation did not mitigate the negative effects of environmental oscillations on growth performance and innate immune responses in European seabass.

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Fatty acid influence on Prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes,Prochilodontidae) embryo cryopreservation parameters.          下载免费PDF全文

Raphael da Silva Costa  Fabrício Marçal Silva Souza  José Augusto Senhorini  Cristiane Bashiyo‐Silva  Rosicleire Verissímo‐Silveira  Geovanna Carla Zacheo Coelho  Diógenes Henrique Siqueira‐Silva  Cristiele da Silva Ribeiro  Alexandre Ninhaus‐Silveira 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(8):2714-2722

This study aimed to evaluate the vitellogenic transference and incorporation of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC‐PUFA) into the membranes of Prochilodus lineatus embryos, aiming to increase the permeability to cryoprotectants and resistance to electric fields. One hundred thirty broodstock of P. lineatus were fed with control (C) or fish oil‐supplemented diets (FO) for 12 months. The fatty acid (FA) profle was determined using gas chromatography. For the neutral fraction, the FO group had a decrease in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and an increase in n3PUFA and, n6PUFA. To test for cryoprotectant toxicity, embryos were exposed for 20 min to a cryoprotectant solution of 1,2‐Propanediol (Prop) at a concentration of 5 or 6 molar (M). For FO, a reduction in survival of 33.1% was observed in 5 M, and no survival was observed at 6 M. Embryo samples were exposed the six polarized electric fields (3.4–51.6 joules), and with 11.2 J of energy, the control group exhibited reduced survival in 98.3% of the fish, whereas the FO presented superior resistance, exhibiting a survival similar to that of the OJ up to 40.2 J. We conclude that FA were transferred between P. lineatus broodstock to the embryos, with an increase in LC‐PUFA resulting in lower survival rates in the cryoprotectant test in the FO group and a greater physical plasticity of FO embryos to electrical field tests.  相似文献   

Is the current state of the art of weed monitoring suitable for site‐specific weed management in arable crops?          下载免费PDF全文

C Fernández‐Quintanilla  J M Peña  D Andújar  J Dorado  A Ribeiro  F López‐Granados 《Weed Research》2018,58(4):259-272

Weed monitoring is the first step in any site‐specific weed management programme. A relatively large variety of platforms, cameras, sensors and image analysis procedures are available to detect and map weed presence/abundance at various times and spatial scales. Remote sensing from satellites or aircraft can provide accurate weed maps when the images are obtained at late weed phenological stages. Cameras located on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been shown to be adequate for early‐season weed detection in a variety of wide‐row crops, providing images with relatively high spatial resolutions. Alternatively, weed detection/mapping systems from ground‐based platforms can achieve even higher resolutions using a variety of non‐imaging and imaging technologies. These ground systems are suited, in some cases, for real‐time site‐specific weed management. Despite this rich arsenal of technologies, their commercial adoption is, apparently, low. In this study, we describe the state of the art of remotely sensed and ground‐based weed monitoring in arable crops and the current level of adoption of these technologies, exploring major constraints for adoption and trying to identify research gaps and bottlenecks.  相似文献   

Dietary amino acid profile affects muscle cellularity,growth, survival and ammonia excretion of meagre (Argyrosomus regius) larvae          下载免费PDF全文

M. Saavedra  T.G. Pereira  A. Candeias‐Mendes  L.E.C. Conceição  B. Teixeira  R. Mendes  P. Pousão‐Ferreira 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(2):814-820

Formulation of diets according to fish amino acid (AA) qualitative requirements may improve fish growth. Two diets with different AA profiles were tested on 16‐day‐old meagre during 20 days. The first diet had an AA profile closer to meagre larval AA requirements (BAL), whereas the second had a different AA profile (UNBAL). Results showed that larvae fed the diet with higher similarities to the AA profile of meagre carcass had a higher final weight (19.8 ± 0.5 mg versus 13.4 ± 1.8 mg) and lower ammonia excretion after being fed (0.6 ± 0.1 ml/(g DW. larvae. h) and 0.8 ± 0.1 ml/(g DW larvae. h)). A higher mean fibre area was obtained in 36 DAH larvae fed the BAL diet (224.8 ± 33.3 μm² versus 158.8 ± 34.5 μm²) as well as higher larval weight. When fibre area distribution was analysed, a higher frequency of larger fibres was observed in 36 DAH BAL larvae, suggesting that fibre hypertrophy had a higher importance in this treatment. In conclusion, this study shows that meagre larvae fed a diet with an AA profile closer to their requirements had lower nitrogen losses and higher final weight, as result of higher muscle hypertrophy.  相似文献   

Morphological and molecular characterization of Colletotrichum nymphaeae and C. fructicola associated with anthracnose symptoms of grape in Santa Catarina State,southern Brazil     

Guginski-Piva  Claudia Aparecida  Bogo  Amauri  Gomes  Beatriz Ribeiro  Menon  Jessica Karine  Nodari  Rubens Onofre  Welter  Leocir José 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2018,125(4):405-413

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Recent review described that grape anthracnose in Brazil is caused by Elsinoe ampelina. However, in many countries, anthracnose can be associated with...  相似文献   

Evaluation of the Ecotoxicological Impact of the Pesticide Lasso® on Non-target Freshwater Species, Through Leaching from Nearby Agricultural Fields, Using Terrestrial Model Ecosystems     

N. Abrantes  R. Pereira  A. M. V. M. Soares  F. Gonçalves 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,192(1-4):211-220

Terrestrial Model Ecosystems (TMEs) are frequently used to assess the potentially harmful effects of contaminants on terrestrial organisms. Therefore we have used this tool to simulate the leaching phenomena from agricultural soils, within the drainage basin of Lake Vela (Figueira da Foz, Central Portugal), and to perform a subsequent evaluation of the toxicity of the leachates obtained, after the treatment of soil-cores with the herbicide Lasso® on non-target freshwater species. Hence, standard (algae: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata; cladoceran: Daphnia magna) and autochthonous (algae: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae; cladoceran: Daphnia longispina) species were exposed to several dilutions of leachates obtained from the application of different treatments to soil-cores collected in an agricultural field in the Lake Vela surrounds: RW-soil-core irrigated with artificial rain water; RW+L-soil-core irrigated with artificial rain water after the application of Lasso®; GW+L-soil-core irrigated with groundwater collected in local wells, after the application of Lasso®. Chemical analysis confirmed the presence of alachlor (active ingredient of Lasso®) in the leachates RW+L and GW+L at concentrations of 88 and 16.9 μg L^?1 respectively. As expected, the results demonstrated that the leachate RW was not toxic for the tested species. However, leachates where the herbicide was applied, particularly the RW+L, was highly toxic to P. subcapitata (96 h-IC₅₀?=?9.7%), contrasting with the absence of toxic effects in A. flos-aquae. Notwithstanding the effects on algae, the reproduction and growth of both daphnids were not affected by the potential toxicity of leachates. Nevertheless, our results were consistent with the chemical analysis and alachlor ecotoxicity data reported in the literature. Our study confirmed that the current use of pesticides in the lands near Lake Vela, especially Lasso®, combined with the specific properties of local soils, can contribute to the contamination of surface and groundwater resources, through leaching, and could compromise the weak balance of the freshwater ecosystem by affecting one of the main trophic levels: the primary producers.  相似文献