Cereal Root Eelworm Pathotypes in England and Wales     

John  Cotten 《Plant pathology》1967,16(2):54-59

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Analysis of bread flour constituents     

John A. Johnson  Mrs. Yu-Yen Linko 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1964,11(2-4):256-268

Summary Organic compounds present in minute quantities are responsible for bread flavor profile. Organic acids, alcohols, esters and carbonyl compounds have been identified and estimated, quantitatively, by use of paper, column and vapor-phase chromatography. Because of the minute quantities of most organic flavor constituents, some system of extraction and concentration must be employed for successful analysis. Separation into classes and concentration is best accomplished by formation of derivatives. Developing solvents, carrier system, and techniques of chromatography must be carefully selected for each group of compounds. Success in the analysis of bread flavor constituents has been significant in recent years because of the development of chromatography techniques.

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Zusammenfassung Die Geschmackseigenschaften von Brot werden durch in sehr geringen Mengen vorhandene organische Verbindungen bedingt. Mittels Papier-, Säulen- und Gaschromatographie wurden organische Säuren, Alkohole, Ester und Karbonylverbindungen ermittelt und mengenmäßig bestimmt. Die äußerst geringen Mengen der Mehrzahl der organischen Geschmackskomponenten können nur mit einer Methode, die Extraktion und Konzentration umfaßt, erfolgreich analysiert werden. Diese Trennung in Gruppen und Konzentration wird am besten über die Bildung von Sekundärverbindungen erreicht. Hierbei muß für jede Gruppe von Komponenten eine sehr sorgfältige Auswahl der Entwicklungslösungen, der Vektorsysteme und der chromatographischen Technik getroffen werden. Die bedeutenden Fortschritte der chromatographischen Techniken der letzten Jahre sind der Grund für die Erfolge auf dem Gebiete der Analyse der Geschmackskomponenten von Brot.

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Résumé Des composés organiques, présents en très faible quantités, régissent le profil de saveur du pain. Des acides organiques, des alcools, des esters et des composés carbonyliques ont été identifiés, et évalués, quantitativement par chromatographie sur papier, sur colonne, et en phase vapeur. Du fait des faibles quantités de la plupart des composants organiques de saveur, un système d'extraction et de concentration doit être utilisé pour réussir les analyses. La séparation en classes et la concentration peut être obtenue de façon la meilleure par formation de dérivés. Les solvants de développement, les systèmes vecteurs, et les techniques de chromatographie, doivent être soigneusement selectionnés pour chaque groupe de composants. Les réussites dans le domaine de l'analyse des composants de la saveur du pain ont été significatives ces dernières années, du fait du développement des techniques chromatographiques,

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with 4 figs.

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Contribution no. 424, Department of Flour and Feed Milling Industries, Kansas State Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kansas, U.S.A.  相似文献   

HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH PULMONARY BLASTOMYCOSIS IN A DOG   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Charles W.  Brockus  DVM  John T.  Hathcock  DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVR 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1988,29(4):184-188

Hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) associated with pulmonary blastomycosis was diagnosed in a 5–year-old male mixed-breed dog. One year prior to referral, increased pulmonary opacity had been identified on radiographs made during an examination for a chronic cough. Although serologic tests for blastomycosis were negative, the dog was treated with oral ketoconozole on the basis of suspicious lesions seen on radiographs and clinical signs. Ten months after completing the ketoconozole therapy, the dog was presented for a persistent cough and lameness. Intrapulmonary masses and periosteat proliferation were observed radiographically. A biopsy of the pulmonary masses was done, and Blastomyces dermatitidis was identified. Amphotericin B and ketoconozole administration resulted in clinical improvement and partial resolution of the HO lesions five months after initiation of therapy.  相似文献   

Science and Empire-West Coast Fever in Rhodesia and the Transvaal          下载免费PDF全文

John F. Prescott 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1992,33(9):620-621

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Experiments with Cyperus rotundus L. III. Seasonal variations in growth   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

John L.  Hammeron 《Weed Research》1975,15(5):339-348

Nutgrass tubers were planted in pots on thirteen occasions at 4-weekly intervals, and growth and development followed by sampling at 5-day intervals from 10 to 45 days after planting. Growth rates, final shoot numbers, dry weights and rhizome lengths, and new tuber production were highest in plantings made 1 and 29 March and 26 April. Correlation coefficients suggested that mean daylength during growth was a major factor influencing growth and development, but mean temperature appeared to be important in determining new tuber size and the proportion of dry-matter as new tubers. Shoot number appears to be a reliable guide to rhizome and tuber production.  相似文献   

Clinicopathologic, renal immunofluorescent, and light microscopic features of glomerulonephritis in the dog: 41 cases (1975-1985)     

S A Center  C A Smith  E Wilkinson  H N Erb  R M Lewis 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1987,190(1):81-90

In a 10-year retrospective study, we evaluated the clinicopathologic features and renal immunofluorescence patterns of glomerulonephritis in 41 dogs. On the basis of results of histologic examinations, the dogs were segregated into 3 groups, including membranous (n = 12), mesangioproliferative (n = 15), or membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (n = 14). No significant differences existed among groups in regard to age or duration of illness. Most dogs had been ill for one month or longer. The proportion of dogs with azotemia, anemia, and hyperphosphatemia were not different among the disease groups. Proportion of dogs with hypoalbuminemia and the severity of hypoalbuminemia were not different among groups. Highest urine protein losses and 24-hour urine protein/creatinine ratios developed in dogs with membranous glomerulonephritis. Although hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia were common (49%), the formation of edema or ascites was not (15%) and, therefore, few dogs had all of the classic features of the nephrotic syndrome. Few dogs suffered thromboembolic complications. Antinuclear antibody titers developed in 11 dogs, the highest titers developing in dogs with polyarthritis and systemic lupus erythematosis. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis detected alpha 2 and beta 1 globulin spikes in most dogs (87%). Results of renal immunofluorescence testing were positive in 36 dogs, using polyvalent antisera for immunoglobulins (Ig)G, IgA, IgM, and/or antisera for complement factor C3. When monovalent antisera for IgG, IgA, and IgM, and fibrinogen were used, immunofluorescence was not observed as often. The major fluorescent pattern was discrete multifocal segmental granular glomerular fluorescence, consistent with immune-complex deposition. Two dogs had linear glomerular staining patterns; however, antibodies directed against normal glomerular basement membrane were not found via elution studies. A high prevalence of glucocorticoid excess (treatment with glucocorticoids and spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism) (34%), chronic inflammatory skin disease (27%), neoplasia (17%), polyarthritis (12%), and systemic lupus erythematosis (7%) were observed as clinical problems concurrent with glomerulonephritis. In 5 dogs, treatment of glomerulonephritis with prednisolone (0.5 to 1.1 mg/kg) did not result in beneficial effects and in fact appeared to be detrimental, leading to azotemia and worsening proteinuria and physical condition in some of the dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

Tetanus in the Horse: A Review of 20 Cases (1970 to 1990)     

Sherril L. Green  Christopher B. Little  John D. Baird  Robert R. M. Tremblay  Laura L. Smith-Maxie 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1994,8(2):128-132

The case records of 20 horses with tetanus referred to the Ontario Veterinary College-Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 1970 and 1990 were reviewed. The fatality rate was 75%. There was a strong association with previous vaccination and survival ( P = .03). Most of the animals had been injured an average of 9 days (range 2 to 21 days) prior to development of clinical signs. Hyperesthesia and prolapse of the third eyelid were the most common clinical signs. Treatment regimens varied during hospitalization; however, all horses received parenteral penicillin, tranquilizers, tetanus toxoid, and antitoxin. Five of the nonsurviving animals were given intrathecal tetanus antitoxin. One animal had seizures as a complication of intrathecal treatment. The prognosis was best for horses that (1) had been vaccinated prior to the injury, (2) responded to the phenothiazine tranquilizers, and (3) did not rapidly (over 24 to 48 hours) become recumbent. Considering the species susceptibility, potential for contaminated wounds, and the increased survival of vaccinated horses, yearly revaccination is recommended.  相似文献   

Effect of intrauterine bacterial infusions and subsequent endometritis on prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite concentrations in postpartum beef cows.     

R P Del Vecchio  D J Matsas  T J Inzana  D P Sponenberg  G S Lewis 《Journal of animal science》1992,70(10):3158-3162

Multiparous Angus and crossbred Angus cows were used to determine the effect of induced endometritis on plasma concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) and progesterone (P4) and on duration of the estrous cycle of treatment. Beginning on the day of calving (d 0), blood samples were collected on alternate days. On three consecutive days, ranging from d 8 to 14 of the first postpartum estrous cycle, uterine horns were inoculated transcervically with either 3 x 10(9) colony forming units (cfu) of Actinomyces pyogenes and 1.5 x 10(9) cfu of beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli (treated; n = 9) in sterile PBS or with sterile PBS alone (control; n = 9). Samples of uterine fluid were collected by transcervical aspiration twice weekly from just before the start of each series of inoculations until the end of the experiment. Endometrial biopsies were collected transcervically between d 4 to 6 and 11 to 13 after inoculation. Based on clinical observations and results of bacterial cultures, all treated cows developed acute uterine infections. Controls did not develop uterine infections. Endometrial biopsies indicated that there were no significant diffuse or focal cellular reactions in response to the infection. The interestrous interval was greater (P less than .0003) for treated (27.7 +/- 1.0 d) than for control (20.6 +/- 1.0 d) cows, but P4 concentrations were similar between the two groups. Mean PGFM concentration and PGFM profiles were similar (P greater than .10) between treated and control cows before bacterial infusions. Bacterial infusions increased mean PGFM concentration (P less than .0001) and changed the shape of the PGFM profile (P less than .02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

钾、磷与肉种鸡猝死综合症     

John Portsmouth  吴孝兵  强莉 《中国畜牧兽医》2002,29(3):44-45

现代肉种鸡生产中 ,为预防猝死综合症( Sudden death syndrom,SDS)所需要的磷与钾量远高于其他生产过程所需量。建议 2 0～ 2 8周龄肉种鸡日粮至少应含钾 0 .65 % ,可消化磷0 .40 %。在过去 1年中 ,许多营养学家就肉种鸡的磷需要量作过综述。 Reddy( 2 0 0 1 )指出 ,0 .1 %的非植酸磷能保持肉种鸡最大生产性能和种蛋最大孵化率 ,而要维持最大骨骼强度 ,这个数字应为0 .2 %或 0 .3%。Wilson建议用非植酸磷代替植酸磷。 SDS多发于成年肉种鸡群中 ,尤其是那些大型肉种鸡品系 ,目前 ,大型肉种鸡约占世界肉鸡市场的 5 0 %。 SDS在 2 0世纪 8…  相似文献   

Incidence of non-laying in domestic hens.     

P D Lewis  S E Long 《British poultry science》1992,33(2):289-295

1. Egg production records of 31,455 individually caged hens, 27 to 34 weeks of age and of 4 genotypes, were examined. 2. Sixty-nine non-layers were identified in the 30 to 40 week age group, and examined post mortem; an incidence of 2.1 per 1000. 3. Some of the 69 individuals had more than one abnormality. Forty-two percent were internal layers, 34% had some form of neoplasia, 24% had an abnormal or diseased oviduct, 18% were sex reversals, 16% had a diseased ovary, 8% were of poor condition and considered culls, and 7% were in good condition, but with small, immature ovaries. 4. Of 54 birds not in lay at 27 weeks, 43 (80%) had come into lay by 34 weeks of age. 5. Genotype influenced the incidence of neoplasia and, in turn, the number of non-layers.  相似文献