Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents     

Serra-Majem L  Ribas L  Ngo J  Ortega RM  García A  Pérez-Rodrigo C  Aranceta J 《Public health nutrition》2004,7(7):931-935

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate dietary habits in Spanish children and adolescents based on a Mediterranean Diet Quality Index tool, which considers certain principles sustaining and challenging traditional healthy Mediterranean dietary patterns. DESIGN: Observational population-based cross-sectional study. A 16-item Mediterranean Diet Quality Index was included in data gathered for the EnKid study (in which two 24-hour recalls, a quantitative 169-item food-frequency questionnaire and a general questionnaire about socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle items were administered). SETTING: Spain. SUBJECTS: In total, 3850 children and youths aged 2-24 years residing in Spain. RESULTS: Of the sample, 4.2% showed very low KIDMED index results, 49.4% had intermediate values and 46.4% had high index results. Important geographical differences were seen, with subjects from the Northeast showing the most favourable outcomes (52% with elevated scores vs. 37.5% of those from the North). Lower percentages of high diet quality were observed in low socio-economic groups, compared with middle and upper income cohorts (42.8%, 47.6% and 54.9%, respectively). Large cities had more positive results and only slight variations were seen for gender and age. CONCLUSIONS: The KIDMED index, the first to evaluate the adequacy of Mediterranean dietary patterns in children and youth, confirms that this collective is undergoing important changes, which makes them a priority target for nutrition interventions. Results challenge certain commonly perceived notions tied to income level, population size and diet quality.  相似文献   

Horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed cross-linking of feruloylated arabinoxylans with beta-casein   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Boeriu CG  Oudgenoeg G  Spekking WT  Berendsen LB  Vancon L  Boumans H  Gruppen H  van Berkel WJ  Laane C  Voragen AG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(21):6633-6639

Heterologous conjugates of wheat arabinoxylan and beta-casein were prepared via enzymatic cross-linking, using sequential addition of the arabinoxylan to a mixture of beta-casein, peroxidase, and hydrogen peroxide. The maximal formation of adducts between the beta-casein and the feruloylated arabinoxylan was reached at a protein-to-arabinoxylan ratio of 10:1, in combination with a molar ratio hydrogen peroxide to substrate of 2:1 and a molar protein-to-enzyme ratio between 10(2) and 10(4). The protein-arabinoxylan adducts were separated from the arabinoxylan homopolymers by size exclusion and anion exchange chromatography. The molar ratio protein:arabinoxylan in the purified conjugates varied between 0.1 and 5.6. This is the first report on the large-scale enzymatic preparation of heterologous protein-arabinoxylan conjugates.  相似文献   

Beschreibung des Verlaufs der Stickstoffaufnahme von Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea convar. acephala var. gongylodes L.) mit Hilfe von Wachstumsstadien und eines empirischen Wachstumsmodells     

Carmen Feller  Matthias Fink 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1997,160(5):589-594

Nitrogen uptake of kohlrabi, estimated by growth stages and an empirical growth model Some fertilizer recommendation systems for field vegetables are based on estimated nitrogen uptake curves. The estimation of nitrogen uptake should be as accurate as possible. Therefore 3 estimation methods and their accuracy (standard error of difference between measured and estimated values, sd) are compared. Comparisons were carried out with measured nitrogen uptake curves of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.) from 16 field experiments. The use of observed growth stages resulted in the smallest estimation error (sd = 14 kg N · ha^?1). This method is recommendable because it is accurate and easy to use. Estimations by applying an empirical nitrogen uptake model (sd = 16 kg N · ha^?1) are more complicated. The estimation based on time after planting is easy to use but showed the largest estimation error (sd = 28 kg N · ha^?1).  相似文献   

Arsenic,lead, and uranium concentrations on sediments deposited in reservoirs in the Rio Grande Basin,USA–Mexico border     

Carmen G. Méndez-García  Mayra Y. Luna-Porres  Maria E. Montero-Cabrera  Marusia Renteria-Villalobos  Bernardo Pérez-Cázares  Rafael García-Tenorio 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(7):1970-1985

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Behavior of monosaccharides, phenolic compounds, and color of red wines aged in used oak barrels and in the bottle   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

del Alamo M  Bernal JL  Gómez-Cordovés C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(10):4613-4618

A red wine with appropriate basic quality characteristics for aging was stored in oak barrels for 12 months and then bottled and aged for a further 6 months. The same ambient conditions of temperature and humidity were maintained throughout the entire aging process. The barrels used were made from three different species of oak by four different cooperages and had been used for at least two years. Analysis of variance and principal component analysis were run on the values for hexoses, pentoses, total anthocyanins, ortho-diphenols, low- and high-polymer polyphenols, and color parameters to study the behavior of the monosaccharides and polyphenols in response to the factors of aging time, the oak variety employed, and the source cooperage where the barrels had been made. Time trends for all the phenolic components were directly related to aging time, with low-polymeric polyphenols (LPPs) being the most affected by wood type and source cooperage. Wine color was defined by a basic red color which decreased with aging time in the barrel and was altered by yellowish pigment components differing for each of the barrels in which oxidative aging took place and by increased stability of the blue copigments. Principal component analysis showed that samples of the same source wine aged in different barrels tended to be grouped together according to each of the aging intervals considered.  相似文献   

Usefulness of amino acid composition to discriminate between honeydew and floral honeys. Application to honeys from a small geographic area     

Iglesias MT  De Lorenzo C  Del Carmen Polo M  Martín-Alvarez PJ  Pueyo E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(1):84-89

With the aim of finding methods that could constitute a solid alternative to melissopalynological and physicochemical analyses to determine the botanical origin (floral or honeydew) of honeys, the free amino acid content of 46 honey samples has been determined. The honeys were collected in a small geographic area of approximately 2000 km(2) in central Spain. Twenty-seven honey samples were classified as floral and 19 as honeydew according to their palynological and physicochemical analyses. The resulting data have been subjected to different multivariant analysis techniques. One hundred percent of honey samples have been correctly classified into either the floral or the honeydew groups, according to their content in glutamic acid and tryptophan. It is concluded that free amino acids are good indicators of the botanical origin of honeys, saving time compared with more tedious analyses.  相似文献   

Changes in amine concentrations during aging of red wine in oak barrels     

Jiménez Moreno N  Torrea Goñi D  Ancín Azpilicueta C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(19):5732-5737

This investigation studied the evolution of amines in red wines made with Merlot variety, during aging in American oak barrels (Quercus alba) and in French oak barrels (Quercus sessilis) from the Allier and Nevers regions. From the results obtained it was observed that the evolutions of the amines were similar in all three types of oak woods. Histamine and tyramine were produced at the beginning of the aging process, although they were not accumulated in the wines, probably due to their degradation. Putrescine was the most abundant amine in the wines; its concentration increased to an important extent during aging as it did not undergo degradation. The concentration of cadaverine increased slightly at the first stage of aging and, like putrescine, did not degrade at all. The volatile amines showed slight variations during aging, although in no cases were high accumulations observed in the wines. Dimethylamine and isobutylamine were degraded during storage in the barrels.  相似文献   

Nutritional utilization by the rat of diets based on lentil (Lens culinaris) seed meal or its fractions     

Cuadrado C  Grant G  Rubio LA  Muzquiz M  Bardocz S  Pusztai A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(15):4371-4376

The nutritional effects in the rat of raw lentil meal or its fractions have been evaluated in three feeding trials. Growth, gain/feed ratio, apparent N digestibility, and N retention were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by the inclusion of whole lentil meal, dehulled lentil meal, or ethanol-extracted lentil meal as the sole source of protein in the diet. Pure lentil lectin and lectin-depleted albumin proteins had no significant negative effect on nutritional performance. In contrast, growth, gain/feed ratio, protein conversion efficiency, N digestibility, and N retention were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by diets containing lentil globulins or lentil hulls. The poor nutritional quality of raw lentil meal for rats is therefore likely to be primarily due to the combined effects of these two components.  相似文献   

Identification of H3N2 influenza virus isolated from pigs with respiratory problems in Spain     

J M Castro  M del Pozo  I Simarro 《The Veterinary record》1988,122(17):418-419

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Usefulness of Stress Indicators in Forecasting Population Trends in Microtus arvalis (Pallas)1     

M. Hamar  Al. Tuta  Anca Petrescu  Liliana Babes 《EPPO Bulletin》1977,7(2):349-357

The appearance of a stress condition in Microtus arvalis (Pallas) populations was established on the basis of histochemical analyses and correlated with population dynamics. It was found that stress appears only during invasions, i.e. when crop damage has already occurred. Commonly, the population crash occurs 30 to 50 days after the appearance of stress. It is concluded that stress indices can neither be used for warnings nor for long-term forecasts of outbreaks.  相似文献