Natural enemies of the South American moth, Tuta absoluta, in Europe, North Africa and Middle East, and their potential use in pest control strategies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lucia Zappalà  Antonio Biondi  Alberto Alma  Ibrahim J. Al-Jboory  Judit Arnò  Ahmet Bayram  Anaïs Chailleux  Ashraf El-Arnaouty  Dan Gerling  Yamina Guenaoui  Liora Shaltiel-Harpaz  Gaetano Siscaro  Menelaos Stavrinides  Luciana Tavella  Rosa Vercher Aznar  Alberto Urbaneja  Nicolas Desneux 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(4):635-647

The South American tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an invasive Neotropical pest. After its first detection in Europe, it rapidly invaded more than 30 Western Palaearctic countries becoming a serious agricultural threat to tomato production in both protected and open-field crops. Among the pest control tactics against exotic pests, biological control using indigenous natural enemies is one of the most promising. Here, available data on the Afro-Eurasian natural enemies of T. absoluta are compiled. Then, their potential for inclusion in sustainable pest control packages is discussed providing relevant examples. Collections were conducted in 12 countries, both in open-field and protected susceptible crops, as well as in wild flora and/or using infested sentinel plants. More than 70 arthropod species, 20 % predators and 80 % parasitoids, were recorded attacking the new pest so far. Among the recovered indigenous natural enemies, only few parasitoid species, namely, some eulophid and braconid wasps, and especially mirid predators, have promising potential to be included in effective and environmentally friendly management strategies for the pest in the newly invaded areas. Finally, a brief outlook of the future research and applications of indigenous T. absoluta biological control agents are provided.  相似文献   

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor as a cause of chronic cardiac insufficiency in cattle     

Saulo Petinatti Pavarini  Danilo Carloto Gomes  Marcele Bettim Bandinelli  Flademir Wouters  Luciana Sonne  David Driemeier  Cláudio Estêv?o Farias da Cruz 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):7

Chronic cardiac insufficiency was associated with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a cow. An eight-year-old cow developed a progressive condition (over a period of three months) characterized by an enhanced abdominal volume, reluctance to move, a positive jugular pulse, watery diarrhea and death. At necropsy, moderate subcutaneous edema and an enhanced hepatic lobular pattern were observed. A 23x20x11 cm firm, grayish-white mass adhered to and infiltrated the right atrium. Multiple firm, yellowish-white nodules of 0.5 to 12 cm in diameter were diffusely scattered in the epicardium and parietal pericardium. Histologically, the tumor was poorly circumscribed with foci of infiltration of the myocardium. The neoplastic cells had two major histologic patterns, Antoni types A and B. Within occasional foci, pleomorphic cells with an epithelioid appearance were present in addition to multinucleated cells with periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive cytoplasmic globules. Foci of cartilaginous and granular differentiations were interspersed among the neoplastic cells. Multiple vessels presented wall hyalinization and tumoral embolus. Large necrotic foci with mineralization and cholesterol clefts were also observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for S100 protein, vimentin and neuron-specific enolase labeling.  相似文献   

Effect of peripartal administration of mycobacterium cell wall fraction on health and fertility of Holstein cows under organic-certified management     

Gilberto Solano-Surez  Luciano S Caixeta  Alexander Masic  Diego Manríquez  Luciana Hatamoto-Zervoudakis  Sushil Paudyal  Ana Velasquez-Munoz  Juan Velez  Pablo J Pinedo 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(9)

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of peripartal administration of a commercially available nonspecific immune stimulant (mycobacterium cell wall fraction; MCWF [Amplimune, NovaVive Inc., Napanee, ON, Canada]) on the incidence of disease during early lactation and subsequent fertility of dairy cows. A second objective was to characterize the dynamics of circulating white blood cells (WBC) and metabolic markers following treatment administration. Cows in an United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) organic-certified dairy herd were blocked by parity and, based on sequential calving dates, randomly assigned to receive two injections (5 mL s.c.) of either a placebo (saline solution) as a control (CON; n = 71) or MCWF (n = 65) at enrollment (7 d before expected calving) and within 24 h after calving. Blood samples were collected from a subsample of the study population (MCWF = 16; CON = 18) for WBC count at enrollment, at day 2 post enrollment, and at days 1, 3, 7, and 14 after calving. Serum fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and Ca concentrations were determined at days 1 and 7 postpartum (MCWF = 21; CON = 21). Main outcome variables included incidence risk of peripartal and early lactation health disorders and pregnancy at first artificial insemination (AI), at 100, and at 150 days in milk (DIM). In addition, the average daily milk yield up to 90 DIM and death and live culling before 305 DIM were compared. Treatment effects were assessed using multivariable logistic regression, time-to-event analyses, and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). A treatment effect on the incidence risk of some of the health disorders in the study was established. Incidence risk of metritis and clinical mastitis <28 DIM was smaller in MCWF than in CON cows (36.9% vs. 50.7% and 6.3% vs. 19.7%, respectively). On the contrary, the incidence risk of respiratory disease <28 DIM was smaller in CON (0%) than in MCWF (7.7%). Reproductive performance of multiparous cows was affected by MCWF administration: pregnancy at first AI and pregnancy at 100 and 150 DIM were greater in MCWF than in CON (35.6% vs. 19.2%; 51.1% vs. 25.0%; and 64.4% vs. 40.4%, respectively). Overall, median intervals from calving to pregnancy were 90 vs. 121 d in MCWF and CON cows, respectively. No treatment effects on the dynamics of circulating WBC or in postpartum metabolic status were established. No differences for milk yield or for the proportion of cows that survived up to 305 DIM were determined, although cows in MCWF left the herd earlier than cows in CON. In conclusion, incidence risks of metritis and mastitis in early lactation were smaller in cows receiving MCWF, whereas the incidence risk of respiratory disease was smaller in CON. Fertility significantly improved in MCWF compared with CON cows. As this study was performed in an organic-certified dairy, specific health and reproductive management practices may affect the external validity of the current findings.  相似文献   

Extracts of Peels and Seeds of Five Varieties of Brazilian Jabuticaba Present High Capacity to Deactivate Reactive Species of Oxygen and Nitrogen     

Paludo  Michelly Cristiane  de Oliveira  Luciana Fontes  Hermosín-Gutiérrez  Isidro  Ballus  Cristiano Augusto  Ribeiro  Alessandra Braga  de Oliveira  Silvia Borges Pimentel  Godoy  Helena Teixeira 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2019,74(1):135-140

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Jabuticaba has a high concentration of phenolic compounds, which have a significant antioxidant capacity. Methodologies have been developed to evaluate the ability...  相似文献   

Differential host gene expression in cells infected with highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses     

Sarmento L  Afonso CL  Estevez C  Wasilenko J  Pantin-Jackwood M 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,125(3-4):291-302

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Detection of enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) in a sheep flock in southern Brazil     

de Cecco  Bianca Santana  Lorenzett  Marina Paula  Henker  Luan Cleber  Weber  Matheus Nunes  Moséna  Ana Cristina Sbaraini  Baumbach  Letícia  Canal  Cláudio Wageck  Driemeier  David  Pavarini  Saulo Petinatti  Sonne  Luciana 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(7):2095-2098

Enzootic nasal tumor (ENT) is a contagious neoplasm associated with enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV), which may induce disease in sheep (ENTV-1) and goats (ENTV-2). This study aimed to describe the occurrence of ENT in two Texel sheep (Ovis aries) from a 75-sheep flock, located in the city of Gravataí, southern Brazil. Animals used to be purchased from different origins, and no specific tests for disease monitoring or quarantine procedure were performed. Affected animals presented respiratory distress, anorexia with severe weight loss, and mucopurulent unilateral nasal discharge. Necropsy was performed in both animals and nasal cavity masses were observed. Histopathological analysis demonstrated an epithelial neoplasm compatible with nasal adenocarcinoma. PCR using a protocol that amplifies a 591 bp sequence of 5’LTR-gag region of ENTV1 was performed followed by DNA sequencing. Both samples were positive, and the sequences obtained presented highest identity (97%) with ENTV strain TN28 (GenBank accession number MH899613) detected in a Texel sheep from Scotland. This is the first report of ENTV-1 leading to enzootic nasal tumor in sheep in Latin America, which confirms the presence of the retrovirus in sheep flocks in the Brazilian territory.

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Ophthalmic parameters in adult lowland paca (Cuniculus paca) raised in captivity          下载免费PDF全文

Camila P. Balthazar da Silveira  Tiago B. Lima  Roberta M. Crivelaro  Luciana C. C. de Lacerda  Ivan R. M. Pádua  Roberta Renzo  Alexandre A. F. de Barros Sobrinho  Fabrício S. Oliveira  Marcela Aldrovani  José L. Laus 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(1):42-47

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Landscape context affects site occupancy of pond-breeding anurans across a disturbance gradient in the Brazilian Cerrado     

Luciana Signorelli  Rogério P. Bastos  Paulo De MarcoJr  Kimberly A. With 《Landscape Ecology》2016,31(9):1997-2012

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Orange peel fragment improves antioxidant capacity and haematological profile of Nile tilapia subjected to heat/dissolved oxygen‐induced stress     

Igor S. T. Vicente  Luciana F. Fleuri  Pedro L. P. F. Carvalho  Matheus G. Guimares  Rafael F. Naliato  Hinglidj de Carvalho Müller  Maria M. P. Sartori  Luiz E. Pezzato  Margarida M. Barros 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(1):80-92

This study evaluated the ability of orange peel fragment (OPF) to act as a functional feedstuff, influencing growth, haematological profile, and antioxidant enzyme activity of Nile tilapia subjected heat/dissolved oxygen‐induced stress (HDOIS). A group of 440 male Nile tilapia (31.7 g ± 0.34) was randomly distributed in 40 250‐L aquaria (11 fish/tank) and fed five practical diets with graded levels of OPF at 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% for 70 days. The diets were formulated to contain 30% crude protein and 18 MJ/kg crude energy. After the feeding period, growth performance was evaluated and six fish per treatment were sampled for haematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activity, before and after HDOIS. Then, fish were subjected to HDOIS (32°C/2.3 mg/L dissolved oxygen) for three days and the same haematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activity were determined. There was no effect of OPF on the haematological profile, either before or after HDOIS. The polynomial regression model was used to express the relationship between antioxidant enzymes activity and OPF supplementation level. The maximum activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase was reached at 0.66%, 0.63%, and 0.68% of OPF respectively. Results of the present study suggest that a dietary supplementation level of 0.63%–0.68% of orange peel fragment was appropriate to maintain Nile tilapia haematological profile and improve its antioxidant capacity under HDOIS.  相似文献   

Blueberry Residue Encapsulation by Ionotropic Gelation     

Luciana Linhares de Azevedo Bittencourt  Kelly Alencar Silva  Valéria Pereira de Sousa  Gizele Cardoso Fontes-Sant’Ana  Maria Helena Rocha-Leão 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2018,73(4):278-286

In the processing of fruits such as blueberry (Vaccinium sp), that has high levels of phenolic acid, the food industry produces tons of organic waste that causes harm to the environment. Encapsulation is a technique used to take advantage of these wastes. Several methods are used to encapsulate substances, among them ionotropic gelation proves to be a simple, precise, efficient and economical method for obtaining particles with encapsulated bioactives. In this manner, the aim of this study was to test sodium alginate as wall material to encapsulate blueberry residue by ionotropic gelation. The microbeads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and in vitro dissolution. The results showed that the microbeads had surface invagination; retention of 67.01% of the phenolic compounds after encapsulation and 68.2%, phenolic release 120 min after in vitro dissolution. The results suggest that the tested matrix was suitable for encapsulation. The produced microbeads are promising for applications in food products, once the phenolic compounds present in the blueberry residues were maintained after encapsulation.  相似文献