Effect of some antibiotics as growth promoters on performance of broiler chicks fed different protein levels     

N F Abdel Hakim  E A Hilali  A A Amer  T M Younis 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1989,39(1-2):97-104

This work was carried out to study the effect of different sources of dietary antibiotics (Zinc bacitracin, Flavomycin, Virginiamycin) in rations with optimal protein levels (starter phase: 23.5%, finisher phase: 20.0%) and low protein levels (starter phase: 19.6%, finisher phase: 17.0%) on broiler performance with 8 groups of 75 broiler each. The supplement of diets, containing the optimal and low protein level, with antibiotics increased the body weight after 7 weeks of age and improved the feed conversion as compared with control groups. Virginiamycin was superior in increasing body weights after 7 weeks of age and in improving the feed conversion with rations containing low protein level when compared with zinc bacitracin and Flavomycin. When broiler rations, low in the protein content, were supplemented with antibiotics, they could not substitute the difference in optimal protein level. Antibiotics supplementation increased the value of improvement in production efficiency and this was more pronounced with Virginiamycin.  相似文献   

Andalasin A, a new stilbene dimer from Morus macroura     

Yana M. Syah  Sjamsul A. Achmad  Emilio L. Ghisalberti  Euis H. Hakim  Muhammad Z. N. Iman  Lukman Makmur  Didin Mujahiddin 《Fitoterapia》2000,71(6)

A new stilbene dimer, andalasin A (1), together with the known stilbene oxyresveratrol and the 2-arylbenzofuran glycoside mulberroside C, have been isolated from the wood of Morus macroura. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compound 1 shows weak antinematodal and moderate antifungal properties.  相似文献   

Development of disease and virus recovery in transgenic mice containing HIV proviral DNA   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

J M Leonard  J W Abramczuk  D S Pezen  R Rutledge  J H Belcher  F Hakim  G Shearer  L Lamperth  W Travis  T Fredrickson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,242(4886):1665-1670

Transgenic mice containing intact copies of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proviral DNA were constructed. Founder animals were not viremic for HIV and remained healthy during a 9-month observation period. After being mated with nontransgenic animals, one founder mouse (No. 13) gave rise to F1 progeny that developed a disease syndrome characterized by marked epidermal hyperplasia, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, pulmonary lymphoid infiltrates, growth retardation, and death by day 25 of life. Infectious HIV, indistinguishable from parental virus by immunoblot analysis, was recovered from the spleen, lymph nodes, and skin of five of five affected animals.  相似文献   

Functional human corneal equivalents constructed from cell lines     

Griffith M  Osborne R  Munger R  Xiong X  Doillon CJ  Laycock NL  Hakim M  Song Y  Watsky MA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5447):2169-2172

Human corneal equivalents comprising the three main layers of the cornea (epithelium, stroma, and endothelium) were constructed. Each cellular layer was fabricated from immortalized human corneal cells that were screened for use on the basis of morphological, biochemical, and electrophysiological similarity to their natural counterparts. The resulting corneal equivalents mimicked human corneas in key physical and physiological functions, including morphology, biochemical marker expression, transparency, ion and fluid transport, and gene expression. Morphological and functional equivalents to human corneas that can be produced in vitro have immediate applications in toxicity and drug efficacy testing, and form the basis for future development of implantable tissues.  相似文献   

Ammi majus     

Hakim RE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1958,127(3311):1399-1400

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Isolation of Neospora caninum from a calf in Malaysia   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Cheah TS  Mattsson JG  Zaini M  Sani RA  Jakubek EB  Uggla A  Chandrawathani P 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,126(3):263-269

In order to attempt isolate the protozoan parasite Neospora caninum, an N. caninum seropositive pregnant Sahiwal Friesian cross heifer from a large-scale dairy farm in Malaysia was kept for observation until parturition at the Veterinary Research Institute, Ipoh. The heifer gave birth to a female calf that was weak, underweight and unable to rise. Precolostral serum from the calf had an N. caninum indirect fluorescent antibody test titre of 1:3200. It died 12 h after birth and necropsy was performed. Brain homogenate from the calf was inoculated into 10 BALB/c mice that were kept for 3 months after which brain tissue from the mice was inoculated onto 24 h fresh monolayer Vero cell lines. The cell cultures were examined daily until growth of intracellular protozoa was observed. DNA of the organisms from the cell cultures was analyzed by PCR and DNA sequencing. DNA fragments of the expected size were amplified from the isolate using N. caninum-specific primers, and sequence analysis of ITS1 clearly identified the isolate as N. caninum. This is the first successful isolation of N. caninum from a bovine in Malaysia, and the isolate is designated Nc-MalB1.  相似文献   

Regulatory chromatin landscape in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis thaliana</Emphasis> roots uncovered by coupling INTACT and ATAC-seq     

Miriam Tannenbaum  Avital Sarusi-Portuguez  Ronen Krispil  Michal Schwartz  Olga Loza  Jennifer I. C. Benichou  Assaf Mosquna  Ofir Hakim 《Plant methods》2018,14(1):113

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Chemical composition and antioxidant property of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum L.) leaves, stems, and inflorescence and their in vitro callus cultures     

Hakkim FL  Shankar CG  Girija S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(22):9109-9117

In this study, the chemical constituents and antioxidant property of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) field-grown plant parts (leaves, stems, and inflorescence) were compared with those of respective callus cultures induced from each explant in in vitro. The callus cultures were successfully initiated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) (1 mg/L) combined with different concentrations (0.1-0.5 mg/L) of kinetin as plant growth regulators. The distribution of phenolic compounds in these extracts was analyzed using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography with reference standards. Interestingly, rosmarinic acid (RA) was found to be the predominant phenolic acid in all callus extracts in comparison with field-grown plant parts. In this study, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated with six different in vitro antioxidant-testing systems. Their activities of scavenging superoxide anion radicals, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, chelating ferrous iron, and ferric ion reducing potential were assessed. The antioxidant activity was increased in all testing systems with increasing amounts of extract. However, at the same concentration, the callus extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity in all of the testing systems than the extract obtained from field-grown plant parts. The data obtained from this study suggested the possibility of the isolation of a high content of RA from in vitro callus cultures rather than field-grown plant organs of holy basil.  相似文献   

Soil management and traffic effects on infiltration of irrigation water applied using sprinklers     

Hakim Boulal  Luciano Mateos  Helena G��mez-Macpherson 《Irrigation Science》2011,29(5):403-412

Zero tillage and controlled traffic have been proposed as means for more productive and sustainable irrigated farming. Both practices affect soil infiltration characteristics and, therefore, should have effects on sprinkler irrigation performance. This study compared water infiltration and runoff in three sprinkler irrigation tests performed on an alluvial loam soil at different times during a maize (Zea mays L.)–cotton (Gossypium hirstium L.) rotation under two soil managements: permanent beds with crop residue retention (PB: planting beds maintained unaltered from year to year) and conventional beds with residues incorporated with tillage (CB: disc and chisel ploughing followed by rotavator pass and bed forming every year). Traffic was controlled and two types of furrows were distinguished in both tillage systems: with (+T) and without (−T) wheel traffic. The irrigation tests were performed on maize at full cover, on bare soil just before cotton sowing and on cotton with 50% ground cover. Infiltration and runoff were affected notably by both traffic and soil management. The soil under PB infiltrated more water than under CB, and −T furrows more than +T furrows. Considering the combined treatments, −T furrows in the CB system infiltrated more water than +T furrows in the PB system. A sprinkler irrigation model for simulating water application and soil infiltration and runoff was formulated. The model was used to analyse irrigation performance under infiltration characteristic of the CB and PB systems in trafficked and non-trafficked furrows. Five irrigation performance indicators were used to assess the various combinations of tillage and traffic: Wilkox–Swailes coefficient of uniformity; application efficiency; deep percolation ratio; tail water ratio; and adequacy. The model was used to develop operation diagrams and provided guidelines for making irrigation decisions in the new controlled traffic/permanent bed system and in a standard conventional system.  相似文献   

Toxicity and antitermite activity of the essential oils from Cinnamomum camphora, Cymbopogon nardus, Melaleuca cajuputi and Dipterocarpus sp. against Coptotermes curvignathus     

K. Roszaini  M. A. Nor Azah  J. Mailina  S. Zaini  Z. Mohammad Faridz 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(6):1273-1284

Efficacy of four different essential oils against the subterranean termite, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, was assessed in various bioassays. Laboratory results indicate that the highest termite mortality was found in Dipterocarpus sp. essential oil after 24 h (LC₅₀ = 1.62 %) and the lowest in Melaleuca cajuputi (LC₅₀ = 4.60 %). The wood consumption in the filter paper treated with Dipterocarpus sp. oil is also smaller than for the other three essential oils tested. However, the other three essential oils also inhibited termite susceptibility of the specimens. Dipterocarpus sp. (keruing oil) was the most effective insect antifeedant and repellent against C. curvignathus. The results suggest that essential oils might have some beneficial activity of economic value and are considered good candidates for the development of new chemicals (repellents or antifeedants) for termite control.  相似文献