Amylolytic activity in stored potato tubers. 2. The effect of low-temperature storage on the activities of α-and β-amylase and α-glucosidase in potato tubers     

M. Patricia Cochrane  Carol M. Duffus  M. J. Allison  G. R. Mackay 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):333-341

Summary Tubers of the potato cultivars Record, Wilja, Pentland Dell and Brodick (formerly clone 137371) were sampled before and after storage at either 4°C or 10°C. Reducing sugar content stayed constant during storage at 10°C in all four cultivars but rose greatly during the first 6–12 weeks of storage at 4°C in Record, Wilja and Pentland Dell but not in Brodick. Amylolytic activity was determined after 5 weeks storage using blockedp-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside as substrate for α-amylase,p-nitrophenyl maltopentaoside as substrate for β-amylase, andp-nitrophenylglucopyranoside as substrate for α-glucosidase. The values obtained from tubers stored at 4°C were higher than those from tubers stored at 10°C, the differences being much less in Brodick than in the other three cultivars.  相似文献   

General strategies for nanoparticle dispersion     

Mackay ME  Tuteja A  Duxbury PM  Hawker CJ  Van Horn B  Guan Z  Chen G  Krishnan RS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5768):1740-1743

Traditionally the dispersion of particles in polymeric materials has proven difficult and frequently results in phase separation and agglomeration. We show that thermodynamically stable dispersion of nanoparticles into a polymeric liquid is enhanced for systems where the radius of gyration of the linear polymer is greater than the radius of the nanoparticle. Dispersed nanoparticles swell the linear polymer chains, resulting in a polymer radius of gyration that grows with the nanoparticle volume fraction. It is proposed that this entropically unfavorable process is offset by an enthalpy gain due to an increase in molecular contacts at dispersed nanoparticle surfaces as compared with the surfaces of phase-separated nanoparticles. Even when the dispersed state is thermodynamically stable, it may be inaccessible unless the correct processing strategy is adopted, which is particularly important for the case of fullerene dispersion into linear polymers.  相似文献   

Assessment of welfare of suckling lambs following intradermal injection of cetrimide as a non-surgical alternative to conventional mulesing     

IG Colditz  JB Lloyd  DR Paull  C Lee  A Giraudo  C Pizzato  AD Fisher 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(1-2):12-18

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Interspecific hybrids between forage rape (Brassica napus L.) and turnip (Brassica campestris L. SSP. Rapifera) as alternatives to forage rape. 1. An exploratory study with single pair crosses     

G. R. Mackay 《Euphytica》1973,22(3):495-499

Summary The frequency of sesquidiploid hybrids amongst the progeny of single turnip (B. campestris) plants following their isolation, in insect cages, with single rape (B. napus) plants confirms that the self in compatibility system of the former is sufficient to ensure interspecific hybridisation without resorting to hand pollination. The sesquidiploids performed favourably in a small scale yield trial and their possible production as alternatives to true rape is discussed.  相似文献   

An evaluation of single plant randomised field trials of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)     

M. A. Cornish  M. C. Smith  I. J. Mackay 《Euphytica》1990,45(1):1-7

Summary Diploid, monogerm families of sugar beet were grown in transplanted field trials randomised on a single-plant basis. Individual roots were weighed and a range of chemical characters were assessed. There was no significant difference in performance between plants that had members of their own family as nearest neighbours within the row and plants that had randomly assigned neighbours. Good correlations were found between the performance of families in single-plant trials and their performance in conventional plot trials. We conclude that single-plant randomisation could prove useful for genetical studies and for breeding trials particularly when seed or facilities are limited.  相似文献   

Earthworms and rate of breakdown of soybean and maize residues in soil     

Alec D. Mackay  Eileen J. Kladivko 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1985,17(6):851-857

A field survey was conducted to determine the numbers and biomass of earthworms in soils receiving different tillage and cropping treatments, and to investigate in a greenhouse study the effect of earthworms on the rate of breakdown of soybean (Glycine max) and maize (Zea mays L.) residues. The numbers and biomass of earthworms under continuous soybeans were greater than those present under maize, possibly due to the adverse effects of insecticide and anhydrous ammonia fertilizer used with maize. No-tillage doubled the population of earthworms under soybeans, when compared with ploughing. Numbers (141 m^?2) and biomass (26.5 g m^?2) of earthworms under no-till soybeans were still much lower than the numbers (1298 m^?2) and biomass (224.5 g m^?2) under pasture receiving heavy applications of animal manure. Using 16-1 pots in the greenhouse, the effect of 0, 15 (250m^?2) and 30 (500m^?2) earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) pot^?1 on the rate of breakdown during 54 days of 50 g of soybean or maize residues in the Raub silt loam (Aquic Argiudoll) was studied. At 36 days, 60% of the soybean residues were recovered from pots to which no earthworms had been added, whereas in the presence of earthworms, only 34% of the soybean residues remained. In the absence of earthworms, 85% of the maize residues were recovered at 36 days, compared with only 52% in the presence of earthworms. At 36 days, 48% of the original maize residues added were still > 2 mm in length in the absence of earthworms, whereas only 26% were > 2 mm in length in the presence of earthworms. Earthworms also increased the aggregate stability of the Raub soil, when determined on moist (19–22% w/w) samples, but had no effect on soil water retention at ?33 and ?1500 kPa. The possible implications of greater earthworm activity on increasing residue incorporation and breakdown and subsequent effects on soil temperatures under no-till maize production are also discussed.  相似文献   

Pseudomonas pseudomallei infection in camels     

JC FORBES-FAULKNER  WL TOWNSEND  AD THOMAS 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(6):148-148

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Sialomucin Complex (Muc4) Expression in Porcine Endometrium During the Oestrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

AD Ferrell  JR Malayer  KL Carraway  RD Geisert 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(1):63-65

The non‐invasive type of implantation in the pig is characterized by the maintenance of a thick glycocalyx coating on the uterine epithelial surface microvilli. Present study investigated the alteration in the sialomucin complex (Muc4) expression during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the pig. Endometrial tissue samples were immunostained with the primary antibody to the Muc4 transmembrane subunit ASGP‐2. Muc4 immunostaining increased in the surface and glandular epithelia between days 5 and 10 of oestrous cycle. Immunostaining continued to increase on day 12 with the greatest intensity of uterine Muc4 immunostaining detected on day 15 of the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Endometrial Muc4 expression in cyclic gilts decreased dramatically during early proestrous but continued to remain abundant in the surface and glandular epithelium of pregnant gilts during the period of conceptus attachment to the uterine surface.  相似文献   

Comparison of counter immunoelectrophoresis with mouse protection assay in the detection of epsilon toxin in the intestinal contents of goats     

MAZ HORNITZKY  LF ROMALIS  AD ROSS  RF SHELDRAKE 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(4):121-122

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Osmium Recycling in Subduction Zones     

AD Brandon  RA Creaser  SB Shirey  RW Carlson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5263):861-864

Peridotite xenoliths from the Cascade arc in the United States and in the Japan arc have neodymium and osmium isotopic compositions that are consistent with addition of 5 to 15 percent of subducted material to the present-day depleted mantle. These observations suggest that osmium can be partitioned into oxidized and chlorine-rich slab-derived fluids or melts. These results place new constraints on the behavior of osmium (and possibly other platinum group elements) during subduction of oceanic crust by showing that osmium can be transported into the mantle wedge.  相似文献