Delayed ossification of the femoral head in dogs with hip dysplasia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. S. Madsen  I. Reimann  E. Svalastoga† 《The Journal of small animal practice》1991,32(7):351-354

In humans, delayed ossification of the caput femoris is often seen associated with hip dysplasia in babies. This phenomenon may possibly exist in dogs. In this study, the radiographic appearance of the caput femoris of 13 German shepherd dogs was examined. The dogs underwent pelvic radiography at the age of 14 to 15 days, six weeks, and 12 months. A significant relationship was shown between hip dysplasia and the late appearance of the epiphysis of the caput femoris (P=0–02). At the age of 14 to 15 days it was not possible to see both epiphyses in 54 per cent of the dogs. All of these dogs had hip dysplasia when they were 12 months old. This was in contrast to the six dogs which had both epiphyses visible when they were 14 to 15 days old. At 12 months of age, four of these dogs (67 per cent) did not show any sign of hip dysplasia.  相似文献   

Survival of faecal indicator bacteria in treated pig manure stored in clay-covered heaps in Vietnam     

Dang ST  Truong DV  Madsen H  Dalsgaard A 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,152(3-4):374-378

Small-scale pig farmers in Vietnam typically store manure in heaps covered by a layer of clay. However, the hygienic quality of manure applied to agricultural soil is uncertain as storage time is determined by the need for soil fertilizer. This study aimed to assess how the storage of pig manure added straw, lime stone or urea in heaps covered by clay affected the survival of faecal bacteria. E. coli was reduced from 4 log(10)CFU/g to below the detection limit within 2 weeks with 2% (w/w) urea (CO(NH(2))(2)) whereas other amendments were associated with limited E. coli reductions. Enterococcus spp. were not reduced in any heaps indicating possible re-growth and that enterococci should be used as hygiene indicators with caution. Follow-up research should document the practical conditions under which the farmer practice of storing manure with a clay cover can be utilized to obtain a bactericidal effect of ammonia and a safe product with high fertilizer value.  相似文献   

Voyager telecommunications: the broadcast from jupiter     

Edelson RE  Madsen BD  Davis EK  Garrison GW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1979,204(4396):913-921

Sweeping past Jupiter, the Voyager 1 spacecraft presages a new era in the exploration of the solar system. Not since the TV return from Apollo has a spacecraft returned information of such volume and pictures of such startling clarity. Yet this feat was accomplished from a distance 1770 times as great as that of the lunar adventure. The communication system responsible for this remarkable achievement is a oompilation of elements ranging from tiny integrated circuits to enormous ground antennas. This article seeks to describe the way in which data are returned from these fascinating, faraway bodies and to convey the excitement of the engineering work that supports our scientific endeavors.  相似文献   

The Spirit Rover's Athena science investigation at Gusev Crater, Mars     

Squyres SW  Arvidson RE  Bell JF  Brückner J  Cabrol NA  Calvin W  Carr MH  Christensen PR  Clark BC  Crumpler L  Des Marais DJ  D'Uston C  Economou T  Farmer J  Farrand W  Folkner W  Golombek M  Gorevan S  Grant JA  Greeley R  Grotzinger J  Haskin L  Herkenhoff KE  Hviid S  Johnson J  Klingelhöfer G  Knoll A  Landis G  Lemmon M  Li R  Madsen MB  Malin MC  McLennan SM  McSween HY  Ming DW  Moersch J  Morris RV  Parker T  Rice JW  Richter L  Rieder R  Sims M  Smith M  Smith P  Soderblom LA  Sullivan R  Wänke H  Wdowiak T  Wolff M  Yen A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5685):794-799

The Mars Exploration Rover Spirit and its Athena science payload have been used to investigate a landing site in Gusev crater. Gusev is hypothesized to be the site of a former lake, but no clear evidence for lacustrine sedimentation has been found to date. Instead, the dominant lithology is basalt, and the dominant geologic processes are impact events and eolian transport. Many rocks exhibit coatings and other characteristics that may be evidence for minor aqueous alteration. Any lacustrine sediments that may exist at this location within Gusev apparently have been buried by lavas that have undergone subsequent impact disruption.  相似文献   

Upper jurassic dinosaur egg from utah     

Hirsch KF  Stadtman KL  Miller WE  Madsen JH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,243(4899):1711-1713

The Upper Jurassic egg described here is the first known egg from the 100-million-year gap in the fossil record between Lower Jurassic (South Africa) and upper Lower Cretaceous (Utah). The discovery of the egg, which was found mixed in with thousands of dinosaur bones rather than in a nest, the pathological multilayering of the eggshell as found in modern and fossil reptilians, and the pliable condition of the eggshell at the time of burial indicate an oviducal retention of the egg at the time of burial.  相似文献   

Social Science in China: Sociology and Anthropology in the People's Republic of China     

Madsen RP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,229(4720):1379

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An epidemiological study of Salmonella enterica serovar 4, 12:b:- in broiler chickens in Denmark     

Chadfield M  Skov M  Christensen J  Madsen M  Bisgaard M 《Veterinary microbiology》2001,82(3):233-247

Epidemiological investigations of isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar 4, 12:b:- were carried out to establish particular molecular markers to assign isolates to a common origin. Plasmid profiling demonstrated that over 50% of 291 isolates, obtained between 1991 and 1996, were plasmid-free. The remaining isolates exhibited a common trend in plasmid content of 105 and 2kb. Although no specific correlation to any particular source within the poultry industry was discernible using plasmid analysis, there were indications of clonality with local divergence. Ribotyping with EcoRI demonstrated limited discriminative potential as 96% of the isolates expressed a common profile. Ribotyping with HindIII failed to further differentiate the isolates. IS200 (PstI) typing and PFGE (NotI and XbaI) afforded some degree of further discrimination with selected isolates. Each technique produced four profiles, but dominant profiles were also apparent. Eighteen variables were selected for multivariate logistic regression analysis in order to identify risk areas associated with broiler flocks within the industry. An increased risk for S. 4, 12:b:- infection was only associated with the feedmills used. Random effects at the house and/or farm level were also found to be statistically significant. Of the 16 feedmills associated with the isolation of 4, 12:b:-, six were deemed to be significant risk factors.  相似文献   

Gill net selectivity for perch (Perca fluviatilis) in the Szczecin Lagoon, Poland     

Iwona Psuty-Lipska  Niels Madsen  Bohdan Draganik  Wies&#x;aw Blady 《Fisheries Research》2006,80(2-3):339-344

This paper presents the scientific basis for changes in the minimum mesh size in gill nets, from 28 to 30 mm, introduced by fishery management in Poland to limit the catch of undersized perch (those less than 17 cm total length). Experimental fishing with six different mesh sizes was performed in accordance with commercial fisheries practice. A bi-normal selection curve was fitted to the data by including the between-set variation in the model. The locations of the primary and secondary modes of the bi-normal curve on the transformed length scale (length/mesh) were estimated to be 6.95 and 7.41, respectively. The results indicated that a minimum mesh size in gill nets of 28 mm should be sufficient to ensure a low level of discards as well as protecting the interests of fishermen.  相似文献   

A CAPS marker derived from tomato 12-oxophytodienoate reductase shows putative co-segregation with potato late blight resistance     

Dorothy K. Madsen  Kirsten K. Sørensen  Marianne H. Madsen  Hanne Grethe Kirk 《American Journal of Potato Research》2006,83(4):349-355

The jasmonic acid (JA) pathway is involved in the defense mechanisms induced in plants on pathogen attack and the enzyme 12-oxophytodienoate reductase (OPR3) catalyses one of the final steps of JA synthesis. A CAPS marker, OprDM, has been developed using primers designed from the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)OPR3 cDNA sequence. Sequencing verified that the sequence of the marker derived from potato (Solanum tuberosum) genomic DNA was 98% identical to the corresponding section of that from tomatoOPR3 cDNA. The marker was mapped and examined for association with QTLs for resistance to foliage late blight in potato. OprDM mapped close to marker GP121 on chromosome VII ofS. tuberosum. No marker sequence or clone forOPR3 has previously been mapped in potato or tomato. Results indicated the presence of two putative QTLs for foliage resistance on chromosome VII close to OprDM and CP56. The marker primers could be useful in other studies involving enzymes of the JA synthesis pathway in polymorphicSolanum populations.  相似文献   

Genetic Parameters of Foot and Leg Traits in Future AI Bulls: I. Influence of Age at Recording and Classifier     

Dorothee Boelling  Per Madsen  Just Jensen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):114-121

Information on foot and leg traits was collected on 8494 young potential future AI bulls of the three populations Danish Red, Danish Friesian and Danish Jersey by two classifiers between 1985 and 1996. Each animal was assessed at 5 and 10 months of age. The data set was used to examine the influence of age and classifier on genetic parameters of foot and leg traits by treating traits recorded at two different times or by two different people as a different characteristic in a bivariate analysis. The general incidence of foot and leg diseases was very low in young animals: only interdigital dermatitis, heel necrosis and solar bruising showed a frequency higher than 2% in 10-month-old bulls. The same traits measured on different claws yielded very high genetic correlations (r_g 0.77-0.98), suggesting that the number of measurements could be reduced. Hooves increased in size with age, and the genetic correlation between the two age classes was high (r_g 0.60-0.77). The agreement between classifiers was very high for objectively measured traits, especially for the younger age class, and interdigital dermatitis and heel necrosis, but inconclusive for the subjectively scored characteristics.  相似文献