Trichlorfon is effective against Dawestrema cycloancistrium and does not alter the physiological parameters of arapaima (Arapaima gigas): A large Neotropical fish from the Amazon     

Matheus Gomes da Cruz  Gabriela Tomas Jernimo  Sunique Po Cordeiro Bentes  Ligia Uribe Gonalves 《Journal of fish diseases》2022,45(1):203-212

This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of trichlorfon against Dawestrema cycloancistrium, as well as its physiological effects on arapaima. Naturally parasitized arapaima gill arches were exposed in vitro to 100, 250, 500 and 750 mg/L of trichlorfon and a control group (only distilled water), in triplicate. Parasites were monitored, and mortality was used to determine the median effective concentration (EC₅₀). The 750 mg/L concentration demonstrated 100% in vitro efficacy against D. cycloancistrium after 60 min, while the intermediate (500 mg/L) and the lowest (100 and 250 mg/L) tested concentrations were completely efficient after 90 and 130 min, respectively. The EC_50-1h of trichlorfon for D. cycloancistrium was determined at 171.73 mg/L. Parasitized arapaima juveniles were exposed to a control group and 150 mg/L of trichlorfon in triplicate. Fish were exposed to two therapeutic baths for 60 min with 24-h intervals between treatments. Therapeutic baths with 150 mg/L of trichlorfon were 92.99% effective against D. cycloancistrium and did not bring about haematological alterations (erythrogram, white blood cell count, thrombogram, plasma glucose and total proteins). Therefore, 150 mg/L of trichlorfon can be used in therapeutic baths to control and treat D. cycloancistrium infestations with no physiological impairments for arapaima.  相似文献   

Expression of Maternal Transcripts During Bovine Oocyte In Vitro Maturation is Affected by Donor Age     

R Romar  T De Santis  P Papillier  C Perreau  A Thélie  ME Dell’Aquila  P Mermillod  R Dalbiès‐Tran 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(1):e23-e30

  相似文献   

Susceptibility to antimicrobials of mastitis‐causing Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus uberis and Str. dysgalactiae from New Zealand and the USA as assessed by the disk diffusion test          下载免费PDF全文

KR Petrovski  A Grinberg  NB Williamson  ME Abdalla  N Lopez‐Villalobos  TJ Parkinson  IG Tucker  P Rapnicki 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(7):227-233

  相似文献   

Impact of fungicide application volume on ASIAN rust control and soybean crop yield     

de Souza  Diego Miranda  Raetano  Carlos Gilberto  Negrisoli  Matheus Mereb  Bernardes  Laryssa Moreira  Junior  Luciano Del Bem  Rodrigues  Danilo Morilha  da Silva  Flávio Nunes  Dario  Gustavo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,163(4):853-864

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Multisite fungicides are an anti-resistance strategy to control Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Among the protective fungicides, mancozeb is a fungicide that has been...  相似文献   

Effects of Low Doses of Glufosinate-Ammonium on Upland Rice Agronomic Traits     

Ferrari  Samuel  Seródio Mettifogo  Odin  Luís Oliveira Cunha  Matheus  Fernando dos Santos Cordeiro  Luis  do Valle Polycarpo  Gustavo  Tropaldi  Leandro 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2021,73(3):297-306

The use of herbicides and growth regulators in agricultural crops to reduce vegetative growth is widely studied worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic traits of upland rice subjected to low doses of glufosinate-ammonium applied at different development stages. The treatments consisted of five low doses (0; 15; 30; 60; and 100?g a.i. ha^?1; a.i.: active ingredient) of glufosinate-ammonium herbicide: a single low dose between active tillering (AT) and floral differentiation (FD); a single low dose after FD; low dose divided into two applications, the first at the beginning of the AT and the second between AT and FD; low dose divided into three applications, the first at the beginning of the AT, the second between AT and FD and the third after the FD, with four replications. The agronomic traits of upland rice were negatively affected due to the application of low doses of glufosinate-ammonium, with reduction in grain yield, 1000-grain weight, number of panicles, full spikelets and spikelets per panicle. Glufosinate-ammonium has no potential to be used as hormesis effect in rice plants due to loss in grain yield.

  相似文献   

Laboratory procedures for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract diseases of dogs and cats     

ME Matz  WG Guilford 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):292-301

An increasing number of laboratory tests are available for diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract diseases in dogs and cats. Use of these tests can lead to more accurate and rapid diagnoses. This review discusses laboratory tests, both new and old, and the role they currently play in the evaluation of animals presented with gastrointestinal problems. A minimum database helps assess the severity of the disorder, detect extra-gastrointestinal causes of problems and assists in formulating diagnostic and therapeutic plans.

Faecal examination remains one of the most important diagnostic procedures in the investigation of gastrointestinal problems. Zinc sulphate faecal flotation is an excellent routine screening technique for helminth and protozoal infections, including giardiasis. Rectal cytology can assist in the diagnosis of large bowel disorders. Interpretation of faecal immunodiagnostic tests is hampered by insufficient knowledge of test sensitivities and specificities. Routine faecal cultures are not warranted and faecal occult blood tests are rarely indicated.

Serum tests for gastric inflammation are now under development. The serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity test remains the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Breath hydrogen tests can be helpful in assessing the functional relevance of mild abnormalities in small-bowel biopsy specimens. Subnormal concentrations of serum cobalamin appear to be more specific indicators of gastrointestinal disease in cats than in dogs. Tests for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth remain controversial and assessment of gastrointestinal permeability has yet to prove its value in the diagnostic assessment of companion animals with gastrointestinal problems. Faecal alpha₁-protease inhibitor (α₁-PI) shows promise for the diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy.  相似文献   

Behavioral and Antinociceptive Effects of Alfentanil,Butorphanol, and Flunixin in Horses     

Antonio Queiroz-Neto  Guilherme ZamurMaria I. Mataqueiro  PhD  Flora H.F. D'AngelisRenatha A. Araújo  DVM  Matheus H.M. SilvaRoberta C. Basile  DVM  Guilherme C. Ferraz  DVM  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

To determine the behavioral and antinociceptive effects of narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics administered by intravenous injection in horses, 10 thoroughbred mares weighing between 450 and 550 kg and ranging in age from 8 to 13 years old were analyzed. The effects of alfentanil, butorphanol, flunixin, and saline solution on the general activity of the horses were investigated by measuring spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) and head height (HH) in two behavior stalls. The antinociceptive effects of alfentanil (0.02 mg kg⁻¹), butorphanol (0.1 mg kg⁻¹), flunixin meglumine (0.5 mg kg⁻¹), and saline were determined by measuring skin twitch reflex latency (STRL) after thermal cutaneous nociceptive stimulation. A paired Student t-test was used to compare SLA and HH between the groups of horses receiving different doses of the same drug at various time points. The Tukey test was used to compare the antinociceptive effect of the treatments. Differences were considered significant when P value was <.05. Horses treated with opioid analgesics demonstrated excitation, as shown by a significant increase in SLA at all doses tested and by neighing and demonstrating attentive attitudes with movement of the ears, stereotypical walking, and ataxia in most of the animals. HH was elevated only in animals treated with alfentanil. Antinociception was observed at 5 and 30 minutes after administration of alfentanil and butorphanol, respectively. Increased SLA was observed at 30 and 90 minutes after administration of alfentanil and butorphanol, respectively. We observed no effect on antinociception in horses given flunixin. In conclusion, this study suggests that alfentanil has a faster onset and a shorter duration than butorphanol; however, both drugs are able to stimulate the central nervous system.  相似文献   

Undernutrition During Foetal and Post‐Natal Life Affects Testicular Structure and Reduces the Number of Sertoli Cells in the Adult Rat     

P Genovese  ME Núñez  C Pombo  A Bielli 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(2):233-236

To test whether undernutrition during foetal to pre‐pubertal life would have long lasting effects on testicular histology in adult male offspring, eleven adult Sprague–Dawley pregnant rats were divided into two groups: Control group, n = 4, fed ad libitum, during gestation and lactation (until 25 day post‐partum). Underfed group pregnant females (n = 7) were kept in cages where only dams had access to food (standard rat chow, 33.5% of ad libitum intake of Control group pregnant dams). After parturition, litters were adjusted to either 14 (Underfed group) or eight (Control group) pups. Mothers were weighed weekly. At 25 day of age pups were weaned, housed at four animals per cage, fed ad libitum and weighed weekly until euthanized at 100 day of age. Testes were processed for standard histology and morphometrical evaluation. At weaning, mother weight was lower in Underfedthan in Control group (mean ± SD): 214.1 ± 26.2 g vs 361.9 ± 33.1 g. Body weight at 100 days of age (254 ± 26.9 g vs 342.4 ± 10.2 g, p ≤ 0.001), testicular weight (1.29 ± 0.16 g vs 1.45 ± 0.13 g, p = 0.03), number of Sertoli cells per seminiferous tubule cross section (18.2 ± 1.2 vs 20.2 ± 1.3, p ≤ 0.01) and per testis (30.5 ± 4.2×10⁶ vs 36.0 ± 5.4×10⁶) were lower (p < 0.05) in Underfed than in Control group. This is the first report stating that foetal to pubertal subnutrition is accompanied by changes in testicular structure and lower Sertoli cell numbers in adult life, strongly suggesting lower daily sperm production.  相似文献   

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PATLAK PLOT CT‐GFR IN ANIMALS WITH UPPER URINARY TRACT DISEASE     

KATE ALEXANDER  MARILYN DUNN  ERIC NORMAN CARMEL  JEAN‐PIERRE LAVOIE  JÉRÔME R. E. DEL CASTILLO 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(4):421-427

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), an important parameter of renal function, is difficult to assess clinically. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen measurements lack sensitivity, whereas radionuclide determination of GFR is not always available and requires postinjection patient isolation. GFR can be determined using computed tomography (CT), most commonly via Patlak plot analysis. Four adult cats, two adult dogs, and a foal underwent abdominal CT under general anesthesia for various diseases of the upper urinary tract. CT‐GFR was measured with a single‐slice dynamic acquisition and Patlak plot analysis. In five animals, the total CT‐GFR appeared to be below normal, corresponding with mild (two animals) and moderate (two animals) increases of serum creatinine in four. In the two animals with normal or increased CT‐GFR, serum creatinine was within the reference values. A significant negative logarithmic relationship was found between CT‐GFR and serum creatinine values (P=0.008; r²=0.75). No complications occurred during or following CT‐GFR. CT examination provided clinically relevant information in 3/5 patients with possible ureteral obstruction and in 3/3 patients with suspected ureteral calculi. Single‐slice dynamic CT‐GFR was practical and provided clinically useful information in this small series of patients undergoing CT of the upper urinary tract. There was a significant relationship between CT‐GFR and serum creatinine values, which supports the clinical potential of CT‐GFR and justifies further investigation of this technique.  相似文献   

Comparison of worm control strategies in grazing sheep in Denmark.     

ME Boa  SM Thamsborg  AA Kassuku  HO B?gh 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2001,42(1):57-69

Control of nematode parasites with reduced reliance on the use of anthelmintics was studied in 16 ewes with suckling twin lambs on contaminated pasture in Denmark. Ewes and lambs were treated with albendazole at turn-out 3 May. Ewes were removed from the groups on 26 July, and lambs were slaughtered on 11 October. The animals were allocated to 4 groups of 8 lambs and their 4 ewes. Group TS was treated with albendazole at weeks 3, 6 and 8 after turnout and set-stocked; group TM was similarly treated but moved to clean pasture in conjunction with the last drenching; group US was untreated and set-stocked, and group UM was left untreated but moved to clean pasture week 8 after turn-out. Supplementary feed was offered in June and August due to scarcity of pasture. Strategic treatments of ewes and lambs weeks 3, 6 and 8 after turn-out, with or without a move to clean pasture, were highly effective in controlling nematode infections for most of the season. This was reflected in better weight gains and carcass characteristics in the treated compared to untreated lambs, resulting in an average increase in the value of the product by 36%. The effect of moving without treatment (UM) on faecal egg counts was limited but peak pasture infectivity was reduced to less than 10% compared to the set-stocked group and weight gains of lambs were significantly better despite poor feed availability in late season. The study showed that under set-stocked conditions repeated anthelmintic treatments of both ewes and lambs in early season may ensure sufficient nematode control whereas moving animals to clean pasture without dosing was less efficient. The latter may, however, still be a viable option in organic and other production systems where routine use of anthelmintics is banned, particularly if weaning and moving are combined or a second move is performed.  相似文献