Substituted alpha-(phenylhydrazono)phenylacetonitrile derivatives. Part 1: A new class of uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation     

Danko P  Flury T  Hall RG  Karrer F  Kienast H  Kriz M  Leuenberger K  Pascual A  Steiger A  Trah S 《Pest management science》2006,62(3):229-235

Substituted alpha-(phenylhydrazono)phenylacetonitrile derivatives have been discovered which constitute a series of potent uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. Systematic variation of substituents on both benzene rings has clearly demonstrated the importance of steric congestion around the ionisation site and delocalisation of negative charge in the anionic form. Replacement of the cyano group by other electron-withdrawing groups leads to a dramatic decrease in uncoupling activity. The sub-nanomolar levels of uncoupling activity found in certain members indicate that these compounds are the most potent uncouplers yet reported.  相似文献   

Effect of salivary gland extract from Ixodes ricinus ticks on the proliferation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in vivo     

Machácková M  Oborník M  Kopecký J 《Folia parasitologica》2006,53(2):153-158

Saliva-activated transmission (SAT) of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto was demonstrated using real-time PCR and salivary gland extract (SGE) from partially fed Ixodes ricinus ticks. C3H/HeN mice were injected intradermally with 1.5 x 10(3) spirochetes mixed with 40 microg of SGE per mouse. The control group was inoculated with the same dose of spirochetes without SGE. The accelerating effect of SGE on spirochete proliferation was demonstrated on day 1 post infection, when a 4.2-fold increase in spirochetes was found in the skin and a 10-fold increase in the blood, compared with control mice. The data represent the first direct evidence of a SAT effect of I. ricinus SGE on infection with the Lyme disease agent B. burgdorferi.  相似文献   

Canine babesiosis in Slovenia: molecular evidence of Babesia canis canis and Babesia canis vogeli     

Duh D  Tozon N  Petrovec M  Strasek K  Avsic-Zupanc T 《Veterinary research》2004,35(3):363-368

Canine babesiosis, caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia spp., is a tick-borne disease of worldwide importance. No information on canine babesiosis has been documented in Slovenia. Therefore, 238 dogs admitted to the Small animal clinic in Ljubljana from the years 2000 to 2002 were tested for the presence of babesial parasites in the blood. Based on clinical, microscopic and molecular investigations, 14 dogs (5.9%) were determined as being infected with babesiae. Clinical signs relating to acute haemolysis, fever, anorexia, depression and haematological abnormalities such as anaemia and thrombocytopenia were noticed in most of the 14 infected dogs. The morphology of the parasites was indicative of Babesia canis infection. Two subspecies were detected, namely B. canis canis (11 dogs, 4.6%) and B. canis vogeli (3 dogs, 1.3%) using PCR and subsequent sequence analysis of portions of nns rRNA gene. In addition, based on nucleotide sequence analysis, the 11 isolates of B. c. canis could be subdivided into three groups, whereas the three B. c. vogeli isolates were genetically identical. The results of this study demonstrate the presence of canine babesiosis due to B. c. canis and B. c. vogeli in Slovenia.  相似文献   

Control of the Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westw. (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) on tomato by the new insecticide Acetamiprid     

Anton Zabel  Bozidar Manojlovic  Sladjan Stankovic  Snezana Rajkovic  Miroslav Kostic 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》2001,74(2):52-56

The efficacy of a new class of insecticide (chloronicotinyl) Mospilan 20 SP (a.i. acetamiprid), compared with Lannate 90 SL (a.i. methomyl) and Applaud WP 25 (a.i. buprofezin), in glasshouse control of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) on tomatoes, was investigated. All investigated insecticides significantly decreased the number of whitefly larvae, compared with untreated plots where population density grew during the trial. Based on statistical analysis, efficacy of all insecticides on whitefly larvae were in the same category. Some differences occurred 7 days after the third treatment. Deposited egg number was significantly different between checks and each insecticide plot. Efficacy of investigated insecticides, evaluated according to deposited egg number, was also good and in the same category.  相似文献   

Specialized DNA polymerases,cellular survival,and the genesis of mutations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Friedberg EC  Wagner R  Radman M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5573):1627-1630

Cell death caused by arrested replication of damaged or structurally altered DNA can be avoided in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells by multiple DNA polymerases that are specialized to bypass DNA damage. Some of these polymerases perform such translesion DNA synthesis of specific types of damage with high genetic fidelity. However, they exhibit greatly reduced fidelity when they operate on undamaged DNA or on DNA with lesions that are (apparently) not cognate substrates. The low fidelity of some of these specialized polymerases when copying undamaged DNA may be physiologically functional, including generating immunoglobulin diversity.  相似文献   

Direct visualization of horizontal gene transfer     

Babic A  Lindner AB  Vulic M  Stewart EJ  Radman M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5869):1533-1536

Conjugation allows bacteria to acquire genes for antibiotic resistance, novel virulence attributes, and alternative metabolic pathways. Using a fluorescent protein fusion, SeqA-YFP, we have visualized this process in real time and in single cells of Escherichia coli. We found that the F pilus mediates DNA transfer at considerable cell-to-cell distances. Integration of transferred DNA by recombination occurred in up to 96% of recipients; in the remaining cells, the transferred DNA was fully degraded by the RecBCD helicase/nuclease. The acquired integrated DNA was tracked through successive replication rounds and was found to occasionally split and segregate with different chromosomes, leading to the inheritance of different gene clusters within the cell lineage. The incidence of DNA splitting corresponds to about one crossover per cell generation.  相似文献