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Ajao Olumoye Le Hir Morgane Rahni Mohamed Chadjaa Hassan Marinova Mariya 《Wood Science and Technology》2017,51(3):585-599
Wood Science and Technology - Kraft prehydrolysate contains fermentable sugars and other organic compounds such as furans, phenolic compounds and acids, which are toxic to the fermentation... 相似文献
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Marcoux M Picandet V Céleste C Macieira S Morisset S Rossier Y Schambourg M Jean D 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2008,49(6):587-591
This study was aimed at evaluating the tolerability and the efficacy of palatal sclerotherapy in juvenile standardbred racehorses with easily audible "snoring-like" respiratory noises suspected to be the result of intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate. The palate of 8 horses was injected with sodium tetradecyl sulfate under videoendoscopic guidance. Palatal sclerotherapy resulted in resolution of the respiratory noise in 7 horses, improvement of performance in 6 horses, and mild side effects in only 3 horses. This preliminary study suggests that palatal sclerotherapy is a safe, repeatable, inexpensive, and promising technique that should be considered as an alternative to existing treatments of intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate. 相似文献
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Derrien M Jarde E Gruau G Pierson-Wickmann AC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(13):7294-7302
Thirty-five samples of cow feces (cowpat and cow manure) and pig slurries subjected to different treatment processes and different storage times before land spreading were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine their fecal stanol profiles. The fresh pig slurry data presented here increase considerably the classical range of values obtained for steroid ratios, resulting in an overlap with the range for cow feces. These results lead to the inability to distinguish species source of feces on the basis of steroid ratios alone. The cause of these differences is not known, although it appears likely to be related to differences in the metabolism of animals in relation to their age and/or variations in diet, rather than to secondary mechanisms of steroid degradation during storage or/and treatment of the feces. Nevertheless, the specificity of steroids to serve as a tool to differentiate cow feces from pig slurries is restored by considering the fecal stanol profile, notably, the six most diagnostic stanol compounds, which are 5β-cholestan-3β-ol (coprostanol), 5β-cholestan-3α-ol (epicoprostanol), 24-methyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol (campestanol), 24-ethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol (sitostanol), 24-ethyl-5β-cholestan-3β-ol (24-ethylcoprostanol), and 24-ethyl-5β-cholestan-3α-ol (24-ethylepicoprostanol). In this study, chemometric analysis of the fingerprint of these six stanols using principal components analysis (PCA) distinguished pig slurries from cow feces. The application of PCA to the stanol profiles, as developed in this study, could be a promising tool for identifying the animal source in fecal contamination of waters. 相似文献
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Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties of lactoferrin have been demonstrated in mammals and in fish. However, in vivo, lactoferrin is digested by gastric pepsin treatment into the N-terminal derived peptide named lactoferricin. This has been so far overlooked in fish in vitro studies. The aim of the present study was to assess in vitro the effects of both lactoferricin and lactoferrin on the head kidney cells of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) in order to determine their potential as dietary additives and to get some insight into their mode of action. In vitro lactoferricin decreased significantly the chemiluminescent response of head kidney cells but did not affect the zymosan-triggered chemiluminescence activity. On the other hand, a high concentration of lactoferrin directly stimulated chemiluminescence but reduced the zymosan-triggered chemiluminescence. The bactericidal activity of head kidney cells was also significantly diminished by pre-incubation with lactoferrin in a dose-dependent manner. Although no significant effect of lactoferricin or lactoferrin was evidenced on head kidney cellular viability, absent or negative effect on the priming of respiratory burst activity suggested that care should be taken when using lactoferrin in the diet of sea bass and high doses should be avoided. Hypotheses about the mechanisms of action of lactoferricin and lactoferrin are presented. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To assess a laparoscopic technique for equine intestinal biopsy. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. ANIMALS: Seven adult horses. METHODS: Food but not water was withheld for 36 hours before laparoscopy. In 3 horses (group A) standing, right laparoscopic access to different small intestinal segments was compared with ventral median celiotomy access. Inaccessible segments were identified at necropsy. In 4 horses (group B), the feasibility of obtaining full-thickness duodenal and cecal biopsies and any associated morbidity were evaluated. Biopsy specimens were collected during standing right laparoscopy using a 2-step procedure and intracorporeal suturing technique, and abdominal lavage was performed. Horses were monitored clinically and by abdominal fluid cytology and microbial culture, and repeat laparoscopy was performed on day 6. RESULTS: Standing right flank laparoscopy provided good observation of small intestinal segments and enabled manipulation of all but 15-20 cm of the duodenum and approximately 40 cm more ileum compared with ventral median celiotomy. Group B horses had no complications, no adhesions, and no bacterial growth from peritoneal fluid samples. None of the horses had signs of abdominal pain. CONCLUSION: A 2-stage intestinal biopsy technique performed during standing, right flank laparoscopy may be a safe alternative to exploratory celiotomy and biopsy in normal horses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Right flank laparoscopy allows biopsy of intestinal segments including duodenum and 50% more of the ileum than is accessible by ventral median celiotomy. This technique should be evaluated in clinical patients. 相似文献
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Merlin Morgane Leishman Frances Errington Ruth C. Pinno Bradley D. Landhäusser Simon M. 《New Forests》2019,50(2):217-239
New Forests - Ecological processes driving tree success in the early stages of succession are complex and often poorly understood, involving direct and indirect relationships among multiple agents... 相似文献
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Effects of background colour on growth performance,skin pigmentation,physiological condition and innate immune responses of goldfish,Carassius auratus 
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下载免费PDF全文 Khalil Eslamloo Sobhan R Akhavan Ahmad Eslamifar Morgane A Henry 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(1):202-215
A study was carried out to investigate the effects of background colour on the growth performance, skin colour, haematology, physiological condition and non‐specific immune responses of goldfish, Carassius auratus. Goldfish were reared in tanks with four different background colours (white, black, blue and red) for 8 weeks. Fish growth performance markedly rose in white background compared with the other treatments. There was no significant difference in haematological parameters or plasma proteins concentrations between treatments. Plasma cortisol of fish reared in red background was significantly higher than that in black and white backgrounds. Plasma antiprotease and lysozyme activities were more than doubled in white and black treatments compared with the red and blue groups. The other immune parameters tested (plasma peroxidase, complement and bactericidal activities) did not significantly change between treatments. Skin carotenoid content and the intensity of fish skin colour extremely diminished in white background. This study revealed that red and blue backgrounds are chronically stressful and immunosuppressive in goldfish. White backgrounds will preferably be used for the culture of goldfish for best fish growth. However, a way to revert the colour loss of goldfish skin reared in white backgrounds remains to be investigated. 相似文献
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The Red-spectacled Amazon (Amazona pretrei) is an endangered, small range and migratory parrot threatened by habitat destruction and pet trade. We modelled its geographical distribution with the objective of predicting its historical, current and future (in face of climatic changes) geographical distributions. We also tested the assumption that the species tracks similar ecological conditions while seasonally migrating. Finally, we estimated the overlap between its predicted distributions and the current protected areas network. We used eight modelling techniques in an ensemble-forecasting approach to reach consensus distributional scenarios. The modelled historical breeding and wintering ranges covered a larger area than today. Its current year-round distribution is located in the same region as before but decreased by 13%, whereas the breeding range decreased by 32%, and the wintering range by 43%. The future year-round distribution is predicted to decrease by 47% and shift to east by 2060. Even more drastic decreases in range are predicted for breeding (63%) and wintering (91%) ranges. The niches of the breeding and wintering distributions are good predictors of the records of the other season. The greatest variation (SDs) in the predictions comes from modelling tools and GCMs, and little from climatic scenarios. However, variation in predictions were small within high probability regions for modelling tools by higher everywhere for GCMs and climatic scenarios. The Red-spectacled Amazon is currently underrepresented (<1% of year-round range, and <4% of each seasonal range) in the current reserve system. A broad view over all estimated and predicted ranges revealed that a small portion of the range has a very important role in current and future conservation actions for this bird - in the northeast part of state of Rio Grande do Sul and southeast state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. 相似文献
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