Distribution of Trace Metals in Channel Sediment: a Case Study in South Atlantic Coast of Spain     

Md. Khurshid Alam Bhuiyan  Sabrina Qureshi  Md. Masum Billah  Suresh Varma Kammella  Md. Rushna Alam  Sunuram Ray  Md. Mostafa Monwar  Abu Hena M. K. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(1):14

Recently, Sancti Petri channel on the southwestern (SW) part of Iberian Peninsula has been experiencing urban, industrial, and vehicular expansion. Until recently, there have been only few published reports documenting the pattern of metal accumulation in this estuarine sediment. In the present study, trace metals such as Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Pb, Co, Cd, As, and Hg concentrations were analyzed from 69 sediment samples collected from 23 sampling sites of the Santi Petri channel. The magnitude of trace metal accumulation found as the following trend: Mn > Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Co > As > Cd > Hg. Spatial distribution pattern demonstrated overall decreasing trend of trace metal from Cadiz Bay mouth to the open ocean mouth, clearly correlative to the presence of anthropogenic inputs. Results of the principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that sediment metal chemistry of Sancti Petri channel is mainly regulated by the concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni; possible sources of those were from vehicular-related emissions. Pollution load index (PLI) and geo-accumulation index (I _geo ) indicated overall low values. The study will stimulate improvement of our understanding regarding the pattern of accumulation of metals in the coastal sediments, and the recorded values of metals in the present study can be used as suitable reference for future studies.  相似文献   

Removal of Ammonia from Aqueous Solutions,Ground Water,and Wastewater Using Mechanically Activated Clinoptilolite and Synthetic Zeolite-A: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies     

Mohamed Shaban  Mostafa R. AbuKhadra  Fadya M. Nasief  H. M. Abd El-Salam 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(11):450

Natural zeolite clinoptilolite and synthetic zeolite Na-A were characterized using XRD and SEM to be used as adsorbents for ammonia from aqueous solutions, ground water, and sewage water. Clinoptilolite was mechanically activated for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h to study the effect of activation in enhancing the adsorption capacity. The adsorption by activated natural zeolite and synthetic zeolite is high pH dependent and achieve the best values at pH?=?7. The adsorption capacity of activated natural zeolite increases with increasing the activation from 2 to 8 h achieving removal percentage close to that obtained using synthetic zeolite. The equilibrium was obtained after 60 min for synthetic zeolite and all the activated natural zeolite (except 2-h-activated product, the equilibrium was achieved after 30 min). The kinetic studies reflected the high fitness of the adsorption results of activated natural zeolite products and synthetic zeolite with pseudo-second-order model rather than the other kinetic models. The obtained isotherms reflected the formation of S-type isotherm curve for the adsorption using mechanically activated clinoptilolite and L-type curve for the uptake using synthetic zeolite. The results represented well with Langmuir model followed by Temkin and Freundlich model for adsorption using synthetic zeolite. The uptake using mechanically activated clinoptilolite can be represented by Temkin model rather than both Langmuir and Freundlich models. Thermodynamic parameters indicate spontaneous endothermic adsorption of ammonia using all the zeolitic products under investigation. Finally, the mechanically activated natural zeolite and synthetic zeolite exhibit high efficiency in the removal of ammonia and other water pollutants from ground water and sewage water.  相似文献   

Dietary butyric acid improved growth,digestive enzyme activities and humoral immune parameters in Barramundi (Lates calcarifer)     

Hamed Aalamifar  Siyavash Soltanian  Arya Vazirzadeh  Mostafa Akhlaghi  Vahid Morshedi  Amin Gholamhosseini  Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(1):156-164

A six‐week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of butyric acid (BA) inclusion in diet on performance of Barramundi (Lates calcarifer). Fish (12.0 ± 0.2 g) were fed with four experimental diets contained 0.0 (control), 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 g BA/kg in triplicate. Fish fed on 5 and 10 g BA/kg diets had higher growth and total alkaline protease and lipase activities than the other treatments. Fillet protein content in BA‐supplemented groups was higher than the control. Liver catalase activity was highest in 2.5 g BA/kg group compared with the other groups. The values of liver superoxide dismutase activity and serum total protein concentration in 5 and 10 g BA/kg treatments were higher than those in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the highest and the lowest levels of serum lysozyme activity were noticed in the 10 g BA/kg and the control groups, respectively (p < .05). Also, the highest respiratory burst activity was observed in fish fed 5 g BA/kg feed. Supplementing diet with 2.5 or 5 g BA/kg resulted in higher serum haemolytic activity in fish compared with the other groups. The number of red and white blood cells increased in fish fed BA‐supplemented diets compared with the control (p < .05). In conclusion, the results of this study showed inclusion of BA at 5 g/kg diet in L. calcarifer juveniles improved growth and upgraded the general health condition by enhancing fish antioxidant enzyme activities and haemato‐immunological responses.  相似文献   

Allelic segregation of sex‐linked microsatellite markers in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and validation of inheritance in YY population     

Nargis Sultana  Mohd Golam Quader Khan  Mostafa Ali Reza Hossain  Md Samsul Alam 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(5):1923-1932

Stocking of all‐male fingerling produced by direct administration of male hormone 17‐α‐methyltestosterone is the most preferred method for present‐day aquaculture of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. However, due to the growing concern of negative impact of steroid hormone in food fish, production of ‘genetically male’ tilapia, which depends on the concrete and thorough understanding of sex determination, has long been a scientific curiosity. The objective of the present study was to identify reliable sex‐linked markers and to evaluate the applicability of those markers in terms of monosex production approach. ‘XY’ neofemales were produced by using synthetic oestrogen and identified through selective breeding and progeny testing. Three females with progeny not deviating from 3:1 sex ratio (male:female) were designated as ‘XY’ neofemales and were used subsequently to produce putative YY progeny. Among the fifteen microsatellite markers tested, marker ARO172 was most informative in differentiating male and female genotypes. Twenty‐seven F₂ fish from three families were identified as putative YY males based on marker genotyping, and four of them were crossed to produce F₃ to validate marker association by progeny testing. The YY males produced 86%–100% male progeny indicating ARO172 a unique sex‐linked marker applicable in marker‐assisted selection.  相似文献   

Mitochondrial Targeting in an Anti-Austerity Approach Involving Bioactive Metabolites Isolated from the Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp.     

Waleed A Abdel-Naime  Atsushi Kimishima  Andi Setiawan  John Refaat Fahim  Mostafa A. Fouad  Mohamed Salah Kamel  Masayoshi Arai 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)

The tumor microenvironment is a nutrient-deficient region that alters the cancer cell phenotype to aggravate cancer pathology. The ability of cancer cells to tolerate nutrient starvation is referred to as austerity. Compounds that preferentially target cancer cells growing under nutrient-deficient conditions are being employed in anti-austerity approaches in anticancer drug discovery. Therefore, in this study, we investigated physcion (1) and 2-(2′,3-epoxy-1′,3′,5′-heptatrienyl)-6-hydroxy-5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) benzaldehyde (2) obtained from a culture extract of the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus species (sp.), which were isolated from an unidentified marine sponge, as anti-austerity agents. The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were determined via spectroscopic analysis and comparison with authentic spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited selective cytotoxicity against human pancreatic carcinoma PANC-1 cells cultured under glucose-deficient conditions, with IC₅₀ values of 6.0 and 1.7 µM, respectively. Compound 2 showed higher selective growth-inhibitory activity (505-fold higher) under glucose-deficient conditions than under general culture conditions. Further analysis of the mechanism underlying the anti-austerity activity of compounds 1 and 2 against glucose-starved PANC-1 cells suggested that they inhibited the mitochondrial electron transport chain.  相似文献   

Risk assessment of pesticides in paddy fields and the Safīdrūd River in Gīlān,Iran     

Abolghasem Alighardashi  Sajjad Jalali  Mostafa Nazem Bokaei  Hosein Asefi 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(2):371-380

Safīdrūd River is the longest river in northern Iran and serves 2.5 million people as a water resource for drinking, irrigation, pisciculture, and recreation. To evaluate the fate of pesticides in paddy fields on the Safīdrūd river bank and the Safīdrūd basin, a comprehensive model is developed in this paper to predict pesticide concentration. The model includes degradation and sorption to soil in paddy field and two-dimensional turbulent with degradation in river. To investigate the effects of pesticides on health, an inclusive risk assessment is defined by parameters such as the maximum annual prediction environmental concentration and mean prediction environmental concentration of pesticides in the intake zone of the Safīdrūd river for the Rasht water treatment plant. The risk quotient of all pesticides were higher than 1 (i.e., for Diazinon it was calculated to be 670) which indicate high risk in the Rasht potable water and can potentially cause various digestive cancers and other refractory and mutagenic diseases. As a result, it is necessary to codify the global planning of pesticide application in the paddy fields by the local government.  相似文献   

Amino acid availability and protein digestibility of several protein sources for Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus     

I.G. GUIMARÃES  L.E. PEZZATO  M.M. BARROS 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(5):396-404

Apparent amino acid availability coefficients and protein digestibility of four animal products [fish meal (FM), meat and bone meal (MBM), poultry by‐product and feather meal] and four plant protein‐rich products [soybean meal (SBM), cottonseed meal‐28, cottonseed meal‐38 and corn gluten meal (CGM)] were determined for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Ingredients were incorporated to a practical reference diet at a 7 : 3 ratio (70% of reference diet and 30% of test ingredient). Chromic oxide was used as external digestibility marker. Among animal products poultry by‐product meal (PBM; 89.7%) and FM (88.6%) presented the highest apparent protein digestibility (APD) while MBM (78.4%) and feather meal (78.5%) presented the lowest APD. Among plant protein‐rich products CGM (91.4%) and SBM (92.4%) presented the highest APD values while cottonseed meal‐28 presented the lowest APD (78.6%). Average apparent amino acid availability of feed ingredients was similar to protein digestibility with 92.3%, 89.6%, 73.4%, 80.7%, 88.9%, 84.4%, 91.2% and 79.7% values for SBM, CGM, cottonseed meal‐28 and 38, FM, MBM, PBM and feather meal respectively. These results indicate that O. niloticus is able to utilize efficiently different feedstuffs.  相似文献   

Application of computational fluid dynamics for modeling and designing photobioreactors for microalgae production: A review     

J.P. Bitog  I.-B. Lee  C.-G. LeeK.-S. Kim  H.-S. HwangS.-W. Hong  I.-H. SeoK.-S. Kwon  E. Mostafa 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2011,76(2):131-147

The past decade has seen a rapid increase of numerical simulation studies on photobioreactors (PBRs). Developments in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the availability of more powerful computers have paved the way for the modeling and designing PRBs, a strategy that was abandoned from the late 1970s until the 1980s because of its complexity. This paper reviews the present status of numerical modeling for PBRs as well the application of CFD in the design of PBR for the mass production of microalgae. Emphasis is on the major breakthroughs in PBR design that may lead to scaling-up. Most simulations have been conducted in bubble column PBRs, which offer many advantages. Their geometry is simple in design with no moving parts, and they are easy to construct and operate. A majority of published simulation studies used two-phase models (air and water) and employed the Eulerian-Eulerian mixture model. CFD models have been vigorously validated by experimental and laboratory studies, with most claiming to have achieved good results. However, current PBR scale-up projects still need to resolve hydrodynamic issues within the PBR, in order to optimize factors for microalgal growth. To create ideal conditions inside the PBR, the main factors that influence microalgal growth such as light intensity and distribution, gas injection and mixing, and hydrodynamics/flow pattern which are the key for design and scale up must be thoroughly understood.The present practice of PBR design using CFD can be considered both an art and a science because of some numerical simulation issues which are yet to be resolved and the complexity of fluid mechanics inside the PBRs. Nonetheless, CFD has proven to be an effective tool in predicting the complex inherent phenomena in the PBRs. The CFD technique has shown to be very promising to successfully design and develop PBRs which can be commercially available for scale-up.  相似文献