Comparison of mitochondrial gene expression and polysome loading in different tobacco tissues     

Muhammad Waqar Hameed  Ilona Juszczak  Ralph Bock  Joost Thomas van Dongen 《Plant methods》2017,13(1):112

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苹果赤霉素信号转导因子MdGAMYB的克隆和表达分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

樊胜  雷超  辛明志  邵红霞  Muhammad Mobeen Tahir  张东  韩明玉 《园艺学报》2017,44(5):817-827

以‘长富2号’苹果为试验材料,从其短枝顶芽中克隆得到1个赤霉素信号转导因子MdGAMYB,对其进行生物信息学和表达分析。结果表明,MdGAMYB的开放阅读框(ORF)长度为1 656bp,编码551个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量为59.741 kD。生物信息学分析表明MdGAMYB编码的蛋白存在多个糖基化位点和磷酸化位点;序列分析表明,Md GAYMB和其他物种的GAMYB蛋白有很高的相似性,均含有保守的R2R3 DNA结合域和GAMYB家族所特有的Box1,Box2和Box3保守区域;系统进化分析表明,Md GAYMB与梨、梅花、草莓、枣和葡萄等的GAMYB蛋白具有较高的同源性。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,Md GAYMB具有组织表达特异性,在叶片、花和芽中的表达量较高。外源GA3处理抑制了花芽孕育和翌年成花,抑制MdGAMYB的表达。在易成花品种‘烟富6号’中的表达量高于难成花品种‘长富2号’。  相似文献   

Thermal,swelling and stability kinetics of chitosan based semi-interpenetrating network hydrogels     

Muhammad Omer Aijaz  Sajjad Haider  Fahad S. Al-Mubaddel  Rawaiz Khan  Adnan Haider  Abdulaziz Abdullah Alghyamah  Waheed A. Almasry  Mohammad Sherjeel Javed Khan  Muhammad Javid  Wajahat Ur Rehman 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(4):611-618

The present study is focused on studying the swelling kinetics, thermal and aqueous stabilities, and determination of various forms of water in the chitosan (CS) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) blend and semi-interpenetrating polymer network (sIPN). CS/PAN blend hydrogel films were prepared by solution casting technique. The blend film with optimum swelling properties was selected for the synthesis of sIPN. CS in the blend was crosslinked with the vapors of Glutaraldehyde (GTA) to prepare sIPN. The fabricated CS/PAN blend and sIPN hydrogels films were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The kinetics of swelling, bound and unbound waters and aqueous stability were determined experimentally. FESEM showed good miscibility between CS and PAN, FTIR showed no chemical interaction between CS and PAN; however, it did show a doublet for the sIPN, TGA showed improved thermal stability and swelling kinetic followed second order kinetics. The degree of swelling of the sIPN hydrogels samples at room temperature varied from ~2200 % (with a fair degree of stability (~30 %)) to ~1000 % (with high degree of aqueous stability (43 %)) with increase in the crosslinking time. The calculated unbound water (W_UB) max., for the blend was 52.3 % whereas for the bound (W_B) the max., was 41.9 %. However, for sIPN hydrogel films, the W_UB water decreased (max. 21.0 %) where as the W_B increased (max. 52.0 %). The decrease in W_UB and increase in the W_B is attributed to the formation of a compact structure and increase in the contact area between the water and polymers in sIPN hydrogels due to the induction of new water contacting point in these hydrogel films, respectively.  相似文献   

Comparing mating designs to restore seed production of interspecific hybrids between Trifolium repens (white clover) and Trifolium uniflorum          下载免费PDF全文

Muhammad Naeem  Isabelle Marjorie Verry  Peter D. Kemp  James P. Millner  Warren Mervyn Williams 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(3):420-426

Interspecific hybrids between Trifolium uniflorum and cultivated white clover (Trifolium repens) have highly useful characteristics for temperate pastoral systems derived from both parent species. However, the early hybrids (F₁ and BC₁) also have unacceptably poor seed production for commerce. This study analysed the basis for the poor seed production and investigated breeding strategies for overcoming the problem. The BC₁F₁ generation produced lower‐than‐expected numbers of heads per plant and seeds per floret. Backcrossing of selected hybrids to white clover corrected these deficiencies and created new variation. Seed numbers were also returned to near target levels by recurrent selection within the BC₁ generation. Thus, it was possible to retain a theoretical average of 25% of T. uniflorum genome and still achieve high seed production per plant. The BC₁F₂ and BC₂F₁ generations produced high seed numbers per plant, along with reasonable variation. Both of these second‐generation hybrid forms have high reproductive potential and should be the focus for the selection of the desired combinations of agronomic and seed production traits.  相似文献   

Pervasive interactions of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sa</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sb</Emphasis> loci cause high pollen sterility and abrupt changes in gene expression during meiosis that could be overcome by double neutral genes in autotetraploid rice     

Jinwen Wu  Lin Chen  Muhammad Qasim Shahid  Minyi Chen  Qinglei Dong  Jirui Li  Xiaosong Xu  Xiangdong Liu 《Rice》2017,10(1):49

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不同形态硼对油菜幼苗铝毒的缓解效应及其FTIR特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闫磊  姜存仓  Muhammad Riaz  吴秀文  卢晓佩  杜晨晴  王宇函 《作物学报》2017,43(12):1817-1826

采用水培法,以油菜品种Cao 221167为试验材料,设置无机态硼酸(BA)和有机态山梨醇硼(SB)及不同Al~(3+)(0、100、200和500μmol L~(–1))处理,研究不同形态硼(B)对油菜幼苗铝(Al)毒的缓解作用及不同形态B之间的缓解效应差异,以及利用FTIR(傅里叶红外光谱)技术分析叶片各物质含量的变化。结果表明,Al毒胁迫下,不同形态B(BA和SB)处理,显著提高植株生物量和根系长度(0、100、200和500μmol L~(–1) Al毒胁迫下BA处理根长分别增加了52.15%、101.45%、366.70%和18.73%;SB处理分别增加了46.80%、133.98%、261.36%和10.77%),提高色素含量和SOD活性,而降低了Al含量、MDA含量和POD活性。不同形态B处理下,油菜幼苗在200μmol L~(–1) Al~(3+)处理下长势、生物量及色素含量最高。在500μmol L~(–1) Al~(3+)处理下,油菜幼苗株高、根长、总干鲜重及色素含量显著低于无Al处理;FTIR分析表明,Al毒胁迫下油菜叶片中蛋白质和低聚糖等含量明显上升,加硼明显降低了蛋白质和低聚糖的含量,且BA处理降低幅度明显高于SB处理。说明不同形态B(BA和SB)的添加均明显缓解Al毒,且BA对Al毒缓解效果优于SB,这为农业生产中施用何种硼肥来缓解Al毒起到一定的指导作用。  相似文献   

Farmer’s Perception of and Factors Influencing Agroforestry Practices in the Indus River Basin,Pakistan     

Muhammad Imran Mahmood  Muhammad Zubair 《Small-Scale Forestry》2020,19(1):107-122

Agroforestry practices of farming communities are investigated in southern Punjab province, Pakistan. It is hypothesized that rural people of this areas are more inclined than elsewhere in the province to practice agroforestry due to greater profitability than cropping. A landholder survey revealed that the majority of farmers are inclined to plant trees on their land. Low accessibility of institutional credit is a constraint for both agroforestry farmers (AF) and non-agroforestry farmers. However, among AF respondents only 24% were found to need credit for agroforestry practice, as against nearly 76% for crop production. Mostly farmers were found to have positive perceptions regarding agroforestry practice, because they understand the multiple benefits from growing trees, compared with cropping where farmers face various constraints, including poor access to credit, natural hazards, and little support from local authorities. Further, effort to sensitize farmers that growing trees has multiple benefits compared to only cultivation of field crops can bring about change in farmer’s perceptions and attitudes in the Indus River basin, resulting in motivation for agroforestry adoption.  相似文献   

Therapeutic Potential and Nutraceutical Profiling of North Bornean Seaweeds: A Review     

Muhammad Dawood Shah  Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran  Sitti Raehanah Muhamad Shaleh  Wahidatul Husna Zuldin  Charles Gnanaraj  Yoong Soon Yong 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)

Malaysia has a long coastline surrounded by various islands, including North Borneo, that provide a suitable environment for the growth of diverse species of seaweeds. Some of the important North Bornean seaweed species are Kappaphycus alvarezii, Eucheuma denticulatum, Halymenia durvillaei (Rhodophyta), Caulerpa lentillifera, Caulerpa racemosa (Chlorophyta), Dictyota dichotoma and Sargassum polycystum (Ochrophyta). This review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of North Bornean seaweeds and their nutraceutical profiling. North Bornean seaweeds have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, renal protective and hepatic protective potentials. The protective roles of the seaweeds might be due to the presence of a wide variety of nutraceuticals, including phthalic anhydride, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, 2-pentylthiophene, furoic acid (K. alvarezii), eicosapentaenoic acid, palmitoleic acid, fucoxanthin, β-carotene (E. denticulatum), eucalyptol, oleic acid, dodecanal, pentadecane (H. durvillaei), canthaxanthin, oleic acid, pentadecanoic acid, eicosane (C. lentillifera), pseudoephedrine, palmitic acid, monocaprin (C. racemosa), dictyohydroperoxide, squalene, fucosterol, saringosterol (D. dichotoma), and lutein, neophytadiene, cholest-4-en-3-one and cis-vaccenic acid (S. polycystum). Extensive studies on the seaweed isolates are highly recommended to understand their bioactivity and mechanisms of action, while highlighting their commercialization potential.  相似文献   

氮肥配施下不同C/N作物残渣还田对红壤温室气体排放的影响   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

伍玉鹏  刘田  彭其安  Muhammad Shaaban  胡荣桂 《农业环境科学学报》2014,33(10):2053-2062

氮肥配施能够促进还田秸秆的分解,为了解其对不同C/N秸秆还田下温室气体排放的影响,采用培养实验方法,研究了油菜饼(C/N为4)、玉米秸秆(C/N为28)、水稻秸秆(C/N为41)和小麦秸秆(C/N为71)等4种不同C/N植物残渣在不同量氮肥(无氮、低氮和高氮)配施下对红壤温室气体(CO2、CH4和N2O)排放的影响。结果显示,氮肥配施增加了不同植物残渣的CO2-C累积排放量,且仅在高C/N的小麦秸秆处理中发现存在显著性差异,在低氮和高氮下CO2-C累积排放量分别达到1 271.44、1 212.83 mg·kg-1,显著高于无氮肥配施的883.40 mg·kg-1。土壤N2O累积排放量最大的为油菜饼处理组,低氮量的配施进一步增强了N2O的产生,其累积排放量达到5 550.42μg·kg-1,显著高于无氮肥配施的4 430.44μg·kg-1,然而当氮肥施用量进一步增加时却抑制了N2O的排放(3752.84μg·kg-1)。氮肥配施并未显著影响玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆处理组的N2O累积排放量。在培养期内,每一个处理均表现为CH4的吸收现象,氮肥施用能够增加土壤对CH4的累积吸收量,但差异显著性仅在对照和油菜饼处理中发现。  相似文献   

中亚热带丘陵区茶园和林地土壤春季N₂O排放及其影响因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何志龙  周维  田亚男  Muhammad Shaaban  林杉 《农业环境科学学报》2016,35(6):1210-1217

中亚热带地区春季降雨频繁,茶园施肥量大,该季节茶园土壤氧化亚氮(N_2O)排放量较高,研究春季茶园土壤N_2O排放及其影响因子有一定意义。以中亚热带丘陵区土壤为对象,采用静态箱-气相色谱法,研究了两种植茶年限茶园和林地土壤春季N_2O排放特征及其影响因子。结果表明:茶园N_2O排放量明显高于林地,50年茶园N_2O排放量明显高于20年茶园,林地N_2O的排放量最少;50年茶园、20年茶园和林地土壤春季N_2O累积排放量分别为2.07、1.39、0.22 kg·hm-2。两种植茶年限茶园土壤N_2O排放通量均与土壤NO_3~--N含量呈显著正相关(P0.05),林地土壤N_2O排放通量则与土壤NH_4~+-N含量呈极显著正相关关系(P0.01);茶园和林地土壤N_2O排放通量均与5 d累积降雨量之间存在显著的相关性。多元逐步回归分析显示,茶园土壤N_2O排放通量受土壤温度和NO_3~--N含量影响,共同解释其48%~49%的变化;林地土壤N_2O排放通量受土壤温度和NH_4~+-N含量影响,共同解释其55%的变化。这项研究显示施肥对春季茶园N_2O排放的促进作用与降雨有关。  相似文献