Osseous abnormalities associated with collateral desmopathy of the distal interphalangeal joint. Part 2: Treatment and outcome     

Miss S. G. Dakin  S. J. Dyson  R. C. Murray  R. Newton 《Equine veterinary journal》2009,41(8):794-799

Reasons for performing study: There are currently few long‐term follow‐up data relating to recovery from injury of a collateral ligament (CL) of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint and limited information about the effect of associated osseous injury on prognosis. Objectives: To describe long‐term follow‐up results for horses with CL injury, with and without associated osseous injury; and to determine the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ECSWT) or radial pressure wave therapy (RPWT) on outcome. Hypotheses: Prognosis for return to performance for horses with CL‐related osseous injury would be worse than for horses with CL injury alone. Methods: Magnetic resonance images from 313 feet of 289 horses with foot pain and a definitive diagnosis of collateral desmopathy of the DIP joint were analysed retrospectively for presence of osseous abnormality associated with the ligament origin or insertion and the middle and distal phalanges. Horses were assigned to groups according to the combination of their injuries. Type of treatment was recorded and follow‐up information obtained. Thirty‐two horses with additional sources of lameness were excluded from analysis of outcome. Results: Follow‐up data were available for 182 horses, 55 of which had follow‐up information for up to 2 years after presentation. Twenty‐seven percent of horses with CL injury alone and 34% of horses with CL related osseous injury returned to their previous performance level. Prognosis for a combination of injuries to multiple soft tissue and osseous structures within the hoof capsule was substantially worse. There was no effect of ECSWT or RPWT on outcome. Conclusions: The presence of mild to moderate CL related osseous injury does not appear to influence prognosis compared with CL injury alone. Clinical relevance: Further studies of a larger number of horses are necessary in order to ascertain if specific types of osseous pathology influence return to performance levels.  相似文献   

Eight-year performance of bareroot Douglas-fir and bareroot and plug western larch Seedlings following herbicide applications,northeast Oregon,USA     

Elizabeth Cole  Amanda Lindsay  Michael Newton  John D. Bailey 《New Forests》2018,49(6):791-814

Plantation success in northeastern Oregon can be limited by poor survival for western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) seedlings. Vegetation management treatments may increase soil moisture availability during the dry summer months, thereby increasing the probability of seedling survival. Chemical site preparation treatments were applied in spring 2007, summer 2007, and spring 2008 to determine if such treatments would improve survival and growth of bareroot Douglas-fir and bareroot and plug western larch seedlings on three sites near Elgin, Oregon. Although some herbicide treatments significantly increased survival, results were not consistent among sites. Overall, Douglas-fir had greater survival after 7–8 years than larch seedlings. Seedling size 7–8 years after planting was also highly variable among sites and treatments with larch seedlings being taller and larger than Douglas-fir seedlings, on the average. Size for all stock types was negatively correlated with vegetative cover and positively correlated with first-year soil moisture. Macro- and microclimatic conditions, including topography and soil depth, were likely contributors to differences in survival and growth.  相似文献   

Suspect West Nile virus encephalomyelitis in an imported horse in the UK          下载免费PDF全文

S. Gonzalez‐Medina  R. Alzola  J. R. Newton 《Equine Veterinary Education》2017,29(6):321-324

This report describes a suspect case of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalomyelitis, reported for the first time in a horse in the UK. The affected gelding had been imported from the Republic of Cyprus and travelled through several WNV endemic areas in Europe before arriving at the premises in Lincolnshire. Clinical signs included muscle fasciculations, weakness of the hindlimbs and transient lip twitching that quickly progressed to depression and recumbency. West Nile virus specific antibodies were detected by serological tests in the absence of a previous history of vaccination. The horse improved clinically 10 days after the onset of disease and fully recovered in 12 weeks. Follow‐ups at 12 and 20 months post event did not reveal any sequela and the horse was performing adequately at novice level. This article refers to the same horse mentioned by Fooks et al. (2014) and it is an extension of the previous published work.  相似文献   

Equine atypical myopathy in the UK: Epidemiological characteristics of cases reported from 2011 to 2015 and factors associated with survival          下载免费PDF全文

S. González‐Medina  J. L. Ireland  R. J. Piercy  J. R. Newton  D. M. Votion 《Equine veterinary journal》2017,49(6):746-752

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Comparison of limb kinematics between collected and lengthened (medium/extended) trot in two groups of dressage horses on two different surfaces          下载免费PDF全文

V. A. Walker  C. A. Tranquille  J. R. Newton  S. J. Dyson  J. Brandham  A. J. Northrop  R. C. Murray 《Equine veterinary journal》2017,49(5):673-680

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Analysis of host plant resistance to multiple Fusarium species associated with stalk rot disease in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]     

Tesfaye T. Tesso  Newton Ochanda  Christopher R. Little  Larry Claflin  Mitchell R. Tuinstra 《Field Crops Research》2010

Fusarium spp. is among the largest and most important pathogen groups that attack major grain crops including sorghum. The objectives of this study were to compare the virulence of Fusarium spp. associated with sorghum and examine the mode of resistance of genotypes to the disease. Eight Fusarium species – F. verticillioides, F. thapsinum, F. andiyazi, F. proliferatum, F. nyagamai, F. pseudoanthophilum, F. brevicatenulatum, and F. pseudonygamai – were studied using three sorghum genotypes under greenhouse condition. Three of these pathogens (F. verticillioides, F. thapsinum, and F. andiyazi) were selected for genetic analysis of resistance under field conditions. Sorghum genotypes with contrasting stalk rot reactions were selected for use in both the greenhouse and field experiments. Two weeks after flowering, plants were inoculated with liquid inoculum culture (5 × 10⁴ conidia ml⁻¹) of the different pathogens. Plants were harvested 4 weeks after inoculation and rated for disease severity on the basis of lesion length and number of nodes crossed by the lesion. Among the pathogens, F. thapsinum resulted in consistently higher disease scores in all genotypes under all environments. Likewise, genotype SC599 showed the greatest and most stable resistance as inbred as well as in hybrid combinations as shown by consistently high GCA for resistance to all pathogen species. We recommend that future screening exercises for Fusarium stalk rot resistance utilize F. thapsinum as the causal organism and include the resistant genotype SC599 as a control.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in Australian cattle     

BHG Pearse  RJ Traub  A Davis  R Cobbold  PB Vanderlinde 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(7):260-262

Objective The first national abattoir survey of Cysticercus bovis (‘beef measles’) in cattle was conducted in February 2008. Methods During the data collection period, 493,316 cattle were subjected to standard postmortem procedures, including incision of the masseter and heart muscles. On-site veterinarians were asked to record the location of any C. bovis cysts, as well as the National Livestock Identification System ear tag numbers of infected animals. Veterinarians were asked to submit samples for laboratory confirmation by histology and polymerase chain reaction testing. Results Of the 23 samples submitted, none was positive for C. bovis by either diagnostic method. Conclusions Occasional, isolated diagnoses of beef measles are still made in most states of Australia, but since the last regional surveys were conducted 30 years ago, when the estimated prevalence was 50 to 200 per 100,000 cattle slaughtered, the parasite has become extremely rare.  相似文献   

Improving antemortem diagnosis of equine grass sickness     

Ireland JL  Newton JR 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(10):261-262

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Isolation and characterisation of equine influenza viruses (H3N8) from Europe and North America from 2008 to 2009     

Neil A. Bryant  Adam S. Rash  Alana L. Woodward  Elizabeth Medcalf  Maud Helwegen  Franziska Wohlfender  Fatima Cruz  Claudia Herrmann  Kerstin Borchers  Ashish Tiwari  Thomas M. Chambers  J. Richard Newton  Jennifer A. Mumford  Debra M. Elton 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,147(1-2):19-27

Like other influenza A viruses, equine influenza virus undergoes antigenic drift. It is therefore essential that surveillance is carried out to ensure that recommended strains for inclusion in vaccines are kept up to date. Here we report antigenic and genetic characterisation carried out on equine influenza virus strains isolated in North America and Europe over a 2-year period from 2008 to 2009. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from equines showing acute clinical signs and submitted to diagnostic laboratories for testing and virus isolation in eggs. The sequence of the HA1 portion of the viral haemagglutinin was determined for each strain. Where possible, sequence was determined directly from swab material as well as from virus isolated in eggs. In Europe, 20 viruses were isolated from 15 sporadic outbreaks and 5 viruses were isolated from North America. All of the European and North American viruses were characterised as members of the Florida sublineage, with similarity to A/eq/Lincolnshire/1/07 (clade 1) or A/eq/Richmond/1/07 (clade 2). Antigenic characterisation by haemagglutination inhibition assay indicated that the two clades could be readily distinguished and there were also at least seven amino acid differences between them. The selection of vaccine strains for 2010 by the expert surveillance panel have taken these differences into account and it is now recommended that representatives of both Florida clade 1 and clade 2 are included in vaccines.  相似文献   

Equine viral arteritis (EVA): A potential trapdoor for the practicing veterinary surgeon in the United Kingdom     

J. R. Crabtree  J. R. Newton 《Equine Veterinary Education》2020,32(7):378-385

Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a notifiable disease in the UK with potentially serious consequences for horse owners and breeders. Legislation exists under ‘The Equine Viral Arteritis Order 1995’ to protect the UK from this contagious equine disease. The UK is at risk of introduction of EVA through importation of infected horses or semen. There is however much misunderstanding regarding the importance of EVA and occasionally misinterpretation, specifically on how to protect and manage stallions with vaccination. Issues with changing vaccine datasheet recommendations and vaccine availability have resulted in stallions being inappropriately vaccinated or vaccinations lapsing. This article is aimed at the practicing veterinary surgeon, to update them as to the current status of EVA vaccination and disease screening in horses in the UK and how to avoid some common pitfalls.  相似文献