Pan‐continental invasion of Pseudorasbora parva: towards a better understanding of freshwater fish invasions     

Rodolphe E Gozlan  Demetra Andreou  Takashi Asaeda  Kathleen Beyer  Rachid Bouhadad  Dean Burnard  Nuno Caiola  Predrag Cakic  Vesna Djikanovic  Hamid R Esmaeili  Istvan Falka  Duncan Golicher  Akos Harka  Galina Jeney  Vladimír Kováč  Jiří Musil  Annamaria Nocita  Meta Povz  Nicolas Poulet  Tomas Virbickas  Christian Wolter  A Serhan Tarkan  Elena Tricarico  Teodora Trichkova  Hugo Verreycken  Andrzej Witkowski  Chun Guang Zhang  Irene Zweimueller  J Robert Britton 《Fish and Fisheries》2010,11(4):315-340

In recent years, policy‐makers have sought the development of appropriate tools to prevent and manage introductions of invasive species. However, these tools are not well suited for introductions of non‐target species that are unknowingly released alongside intentionally‐introduced species. The most compelling example of such invasion is arguably the topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva, a small cyprinid species originating from East Asia. A combination of sociological, economical and biological factors has fuelled their rapid invasion since the 1960s; 32 countries (from Central Asia to North Africa) have been invaded in less than 50 years. Based on a combination of monitoring surveys (2535 populations sampled) and literature reviews, this paper aims to quantify and characterise important invasion parameters, such as pathways of introduction, time between introduction and detection, lag phase and plasticity of life history traits. Every decade, five new countries have reported P. parva introduction, mainly resulting from the movement of Chinese carps for fish farming. The mean detection period after first introduction was 4 years, a duration insufficient to prevent their pan‐continental invasion. High phenotypic plasticity in fitness related traits such as growth, early maturity, fecundity, reproductive behaviour and the ability to cope with novel pathogens has predisposed P. parva to being a strong invader. The Pseudorasbora parva invasion has provided quantitative data for the development of 1) early warning systems across different spatial scales; 2) rapid eradication programmes prior to natural spread in open systems and 3) sound risk assessments with emphasis on plasticity of life history traits.  相似文献   

Plasticity in the diel vertical movement of two pelagic predators (Prionace glauca and Alopias vulpinus) in the southeastern Indian Ocean          下载免费PDF全文

Matthew Heard  Paul J. Rogers  Barry D. Bruce  Nicolas E. Humphries  Charlie Huveneers 《Fisheries Oceanography》2018,27(3):199-211

Management and conservation of marine predator species relies on a fundamental knowledge of their movements and behaviour. Pop‐up satellite archival tags were used to investigate the vertical movement patterns of five blue sharks (Prionace glauca) and one thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) within the southeastern Indian Ocean. Sections of similar depth distribution, identified using a split moving window analysis, were investigated in relation to the thermal structure of the water column and activity rates. Minimum horizontal displacement of between 66 and 5,187 km for blue sharks and 16 km for the thresher shark were recorded over 863 tracking days. Maximum depths ranged from 540 to 807 m for blue sharks and 144 m for the thresher shark. All sharks displayed plasticity in their depth distribution, with diel vertical movements and surface‐oriented movements the two most common patterns. Diel movement of prey is the most likely explanation for diel vertical movements of thresher and blue sharks. This study has improved our understanding of the vertical movement patterns of these pelagic predators and the relationship between their depth distribution, temperature, and activity.  相似文献   

Beating heart mitral valve replacement with a bovine pericardial bioprosthesis for treatment of mitral valve dysplasia in a Bull Terrier     

Behr L  Chetboul V  Sampedrano CC  Vassiliki G  Pouchelon JL  Laborde F  Borenstein N 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2007,36(3):190-198

OBJECTIVES: To describe an open, beating heart surgical technique and use of a bovine pericardial prosthetic valve for mitral valve replacement (MVR) in the dog. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical case report. ANIMALS: Male Bull Terrier (17-month-old, 26 kg) with mitral valve dysplasia and severe regurgitation. METHODS: A bovine pericardial bioprosthesis was used to replace the mitral valve using an open beating heart surgical technique and cardiopulmonary bypass. RESULTS: Successful MVR was achieved using a beating heart technique. Mitral regurgitation resolved and cardiac performances improved (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased from 57.6 to 48.7 mm, and left atrium/aorta ratio returned to almost normal, from 1.62 to 1.19). Cardiopulmonary by-pass time and total surgical duration were decreased compared with standard cardioplegic techniques. Surgical recovery was uneventful and on echocardiography 6 months later valve function was excellent. CONCLUSION: Considering the technique advantages (no cardiac arrest, ischemic reperfusion injury, and hypothermia, or the need for aortic dissection and cannulation for administration of cardioplegic solution), short-term mortality and morbidity may be reduced compared with standard cardioplegic techniques. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Based on experience in this dog, beating heart mitral valvular replacement is a seemingly safe and viable option for the dog and bovine pericardial prosthesis may provide better long-term survival than mechanical prostheses.  相似文献