Heparanase and Syndecan-4 Are Involved in Low Molecular Weight Fucoidan-Induced Angiogenesis     

Oualid Haddad  Erwan Guyot  Nicolas Marinval  Fabien Chevalier  Lo?c Maillard  Latifa Gadi  Christelle Laguillier-Morizot  Olivier Oudar  Angela Sutton  Nathalie Charnaux  Hanna Hlawaty 《Marine drugs》2015,13(11):6588-6608

Induction of angiogenesis is a potential treatment for chronic ischemia. Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF), the sulfated polysaccharide from brown seaweeds, has been shown to promote revascularization in a rat limb ischemia, increasing angiogenesis in vivo. We investigated the potential role of two heparan sulfate (HS) metabolism enzymes, exostosin-2 (EXT2) and heparanase (HPSE), and of two HS-membrane proteoglycans, syndecan-1 and -4 (SDC-1 and SDC-4), in LMWF induced angiogenesis. Our results showed that LMWF increases human vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration and angiogenesis in vitro. We report that the expression and activity of the HS-degrading HPSE was increased after LMWF treatment. The phenotypic tests of LMWF-treated and EXT2- or HPSE-siRNA-transfected cells indicated that EXT2 or HPSE expression significantly affect the proangiogenic potential of LMWF. In addition, LMWF increased SDC-1, but decreased SDC-4 expressions. The effect of LMWF depends on SDC-4 expression. Silencing EXT2 or HPSE leads to an increased expression of SDC-4, providing the evidence that EXT2 and HPSE regulate the SDC-4 expression. Altogether, these data indicate that EXT2, HPSE, and SDC-4 are involved in the proangiogenic effects of LMWF, suggesting that the HS metabolism changes linked to LMWF-induced angiogenesis offer the opportunity for new therapeutic strategies of ischemic diseases.  相似文献   

Use of Natural Antimicrobial Peptides and Bacterial Biopolymers for Cultured Pearl Production     

Christelle Simon-Colin  Yannick Gueguen  Evelyne Bachere  Achraf Kouzayha  Denis Saulnier  Nicolas Gayet  Jean Guezennec 《Marine drugs》2015,13(6):3732-3744

Cultured pearls are the product of grafting and rearing of Pinctada margaritifera pearl oysters in their natural environment. Nucleus rejections and oyster mortality appear to result from bacterial infections or from an inappropriate grafting practice. To reduce the impact of bacterial infections, synthetic antibiotics have been applied during the grafting practice. However, the use of such antibiotics presents a number of problems associated with their incomplete biodegradability, limited efficacy in some cases, and an increased risk of selecting for antimicrobial resistant bacteria. We investigated the application of a marine antimicrobial peptide, tachyplesin, which is present in the Japanese horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus, in combination with two marine bacterial exopolymers as alternative treatment agents. In field studies, the combination treatment resulted in a significant reduction in graft failures vs. untreated controls. The combination of tachyplesin (73 mg/L) with two bacterial exopolysaccharides (0.5% w/w) acting as filming agents, reduces graft-associated bacterial contamination. The survival data were similar to that reported for antibiotic treatments. These data suggest that non-antibiotic treatments of pearl oysters may provide an effective means of improving oyster survival following grafting procedures.  相似文献   

Estimating nocturnal ecosystem respiration from the vertical turbulent flux and change in storage of CO₂     

Eva van Gorsel  Nicolas Delpierre  Ray Leuning  Andy Black  J. William Munger  Steven Wofsy  Marc Aubinet  Christian Feigenwinter  Jason Beringer  Damien Bonal  Baozhang Chen  Jiquan Chen  Robert Clement  Kenneth J. Davis  Ankur R. Desai  Danilo Dragoni  Sophia Etzold  Thomas Grünwald  Lianhong Gu  Bernhard Heinesch  Lucy R. Hutyra  Wilma W.P. Jans  Werner Kutsch  B.E. Law  Monique Y. Leclerc  Ivan Mammarella  Leonardo Montagnani  Asko Noormets  Corinna Rebmann  Sonia Wharton 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2009,149(11):1919

Micrometeorological measurements of nighttime ecosystem respiration can be systematically biased when stable atmospheric conditions lead to drainage flows associated with decoupling of air flow above and within plant canopies. The associated horizontal and vertical advective fluxes cannot be measured using instrumentation on the single towers typically used at micrometeorological sites. A common approach to minimize bias is to use a threshold in friction velocity, u_*, to exclude periods when advection is assumed to be important, but this is problematic in situations when in-canopy flows are decoupled from the flow above. Using data from 25 flux stations in a wide variety of forest ecosystems globally, we examine the generality of a novel approach to estimating nocturnal respiration developed by van Gorsel et al. (van Gorsel, E., Leuning, R., Cleugh, H.A., Keith, H., Suni, T., 2007. Nocturnal carbon efflux: reconciliation of eddy covariance and chamber measurements using an alternative to the u_*-threshold filtering technique. Tellus 59B, 397–403, Tellus, 59B, 307-403). The approach is based on the assumption that advection is small relative to the vertical turbulent flux (F_C) and change in storage (F_S) of CO₂ in the few hours after sundown. The sum of F_C and F_S reach a maximum during this period which is used to derive a temperature response function for ecosystem respiration. Measured hourly soil temperatures are then used with this function to estimate respiration R_Rmax. The new approach yielded excellent agreement with (1) independent measurements using respiration chambers, (2) with estimates using ecosystem light-response curves of F_c + F_s extrapolated to zero light, R_LRC, and (3) with a detailed process-based forest ecosystem model, R_cast. At most sites respiration rates estimated using the u_*-filter, R_ust, were smaller than R_Rmax and R_LRC. Agreement of our approach with independent measurements indicates that R_Rmax provides an excellent estimate of nighttime ecosystem respiration.  相似文献   

Efficiency of Northern pike (Esox lucius) stocking in metropolitan France at large spatial and temporal scales     

Nicolas Guillerault  Géraldine Loot  Simon Blanchet  Paul Millet  Camille Musseau  Julien Cucherousset  Frédéric Santoul 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2021,28(5):486-495

Stocking and electrofishing occurrence and abundance data for northern pike Esox lucius L. in >3800 km of French rivers across 7 years were compared to assess the effect of recreational fisheries stocking programmes on wild pike populations. A positive relationship was found between the additive effect of stocking and the size of the stocked pike. However, the stocking programmes implemented in France by recreational fishery managers from 2008 to 2013 increased the probability of pike occurring in the river network, without increasing abundance in well-established pike populations, because pike stocked in their early-life stages were used in most of the stocking programmes.  相似文献   

Prioritizing action for recovery and conservation of marine species: a case study based on species of conservation importance around England     

Keith Hiscock  Daniel Bayley  Nicolas Pade  Claire Lacey  Eilis Cox  Robert Enever 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2013,23(1):88-110

Genetic mapping,marker assisted selection and allelic relationships for the Pu6 gene conferring rust resistance in sunflower     

Mariano Bulos  Pablo Nicolas Vergani  Emiliano Altieri 《Breeding Science》2014,64(3):206-212

Rust resistance in the sunflower line P386 is controlled by Pu₆, a gene which was reported to segregate independently from other rust resistant genes, such as R₄. The objectives of this work were to map Pu₆, to provide and validate molecular tools for its identification, and to determine the linkage relationship of Pu₆ and R₄. Genetic mapping of Pu₆ with six markers covered 24.8 cM of genetic distance on the lower end of linkage Group 13 of the sunflower consensus map. The marker most closely linked to Pu₆ was ORS316 at 2.5 cM in the distal position. ORS316 presented five alleles when was assayed with a representative set of resistant and susceptible lines. Allelism test between Pu₆ and R₄ indicated that both genes are linked at a genetic distance of 6.25 cM. This is the first confirmation based on an allelism test that at least two members of the R_adv/R₄/R₁₁/ R_13a/R_13b/Pu₆ cluster of genes are at different loci. A fine elucidation of the architecture of this complex locus will allow designing and constructing completely new genomic regions combining genes from different resistant sources and the elimination of the linkage drag around each resistant gene.  相似文献   

An inconvenient truth about xylem resistance to embolism in the model species for refilling <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laurus nobilis</Emphasis> L.     

Laurent J. Lamarque  Déborah Corso  José M. Torres-Ruiz  Eric Badel  Timothy J. Brodribb  Régis Burlett  Guillaume Charrier  Brendan Choat  Hervé Cochard  Gregory A. Gambetta  Steven Jansen  Andrew King  Nicolas Lenoir  Nicolas Martin-StPaul  Kathy Steppe  Jan Van den Bulcke  Ya Zhang  Sylvain Delzon 《Annals of Forest Science》2018,75(3):88

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Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy in Caenorhabditis elegans and Globodera pallida: evidence for an ivermectin‐activated decrease in lipid stores          下载免费PDF全文

Justyna P Smus  Elizabeth Ludlow  Nicolas Dallière  Sarah Luedtke  Tual Monfort  Catherine Lilley  Peter Urwin  Robert J Walker  Vincent O'Connor  Lindy Holden‐Dye  Sumeet Mahajan 《Pest management science》2017,73(12):2550-2558

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Probable walnut‐induced anaphylactic reaction in a dog          下载免费PDF全文

Ana Rostaher  Nina Maria Fischer  Claudia Kümmerle‐Fraune  Nicolas Couturier  Sandrine Jacquenet  Claude Favrot 《Veterinary dermatology》2017,28(2):251-e66

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What the hyena's laugh tells: Sex, age, dominance and individual signature in the giggling call of Crocuta crocuta     

Nicolas Mathevon  Aaron Koralek  Mary Weldele  Stephen E Glickman  Frédéric E Theunissen 《BMC ecology》2010,10(1):9

Background  

Among mammals living in social groups, individuals form communication networks where they signal their identity and social status, facilitating social interaction. In spite of its importance for understanding of mammalian societies, the coding of individual-related information in the vocal signals of non-primate mammals has been relatively neglected. The present study focuses on the spotted hyena Crocuta crocuta, a social carnivore known for its complex female-dominated society. We investigate if and how the well-known hyena's laugh, also known as the giggle call, encodes information about the emitter.  相似文献