Evaluation of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Labeo rohita</Emphasis> as an immunomodulator: in vitro expression model     

Megha Kadam Bedekar  Praveena Soman  Sajal Kole  Deepika Anand  Gayatri Tripathi  M. Makesh  K. V. Rajendran 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(6):1401-1413

Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) or type II interferon is a cytokine that is critical for innate and adaptive immunity against viral and some bacterial and protozoal infections. The importance of IFN-γ in the immune system lies in its ability to inhibit viral replication directly and most importantly from its immunomodulatory effects. Previously, we successfully co-administered IFN-γ along with GAPDH gene of Edwardsiella tarda as bicistronic DNA vaccine in Labeo rohita. In order to ascertain the individual role of IFN-γ, the present study involves cloning and expression of 552-bp IFN-γ open-reading frame (ORF) of L. rohita in striped snakehead (SSN-1) cell line using eukaryotic expression vector system (pQE-TriSystem) followed by transfection in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBMCs) to evaluate its immunomodulatory ability in comparison to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C)-treated PBMCs. The 18.7-kDa protein, expressed in the pQE-IFNγ-transfected SSN-1 cells, reacted with anti-His antibody in Western blot confirming it to be recombinant IFN-γ, whereas the relative expression of IFN-γ, iNOS, Mx, and IL-1β genes in PBMCs was quantified at 24 h and 48 h post treatment by qPCR. The comparative kinetics of all four genes showed significantly (p?<?0.05) high upregulation pattern in both pQE-IFNγ-transfected cell group and Poly I:C-treated cell group demonstrating recombinant IFN-γ as an equally efficient inducer like Poly I:C. Thus, our in vitro experiment results highlight the immunomodulatory potential of recombinant IFN-γ as an analogue to synthetic Poly I:C which warranted future studies to further explore the potential of recombinant IFN-γ as an effective vaccine adjuvant against different microbial invasion.  相似文献   

Sorption–desorption of fipronil in some soils,as influenced by ionic strength,pH and temperature          下载免费PDF全文

Anand Singh  Anjana Srivastava  Prakash C Srivastava 《Pest management science》2016,72(8):1491-1499

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Genetic diversity and population structure of Indian melon (Cucumis melo L.) landraces with special reference to disease and insect resistance loci          下载免费PDF全文

Lakshamana Reddy D. C.  Sudarshini K Venkat  Anand C Reddy  C. Aswath  K. N. Avinash  H. Nandini  E. Sreenivasa Rao 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(3):384-390

This study was aimed to examine the genetic diversity and population structure of Indian melon landraces with special reference to disease and insect resistance loci. Thirty‐six simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers along with seven markers at disease and insect resistance loci were used for this purpose on a panel of 91 accessions available at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India. Model‐based structure analysis revealed the presence of four groups that were consistent with the results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). The delineation of populations was mostly based on geography with improved varieties as a separate group. Ten accessions have been identified to possess beneficial alleles at all the selected disease resistance loci and shall be useful for incorporating multiple disease resistance after phenotypic validation. The results obtained in the current study demonstrate the importance of the Indian melon group as a valuable genetic reservoir and the need to plan strategies for its conservation and utilization in breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Isolation,characterization and evolution of NBS-LRR encoding disease-resistance gene analogs in eggplant against bacterial wilt     

Anand C. Reddy  Sudarshini Venkat  T. H. Singh  C. Aswath  K. Madhavi Reddy  D. C. Lakshmana Reddy 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,143(3):417-426

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Assessment of perceived farming risks,communication of risk management practices,and evaluation of their efficiency in Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) farming—a survey-based cross-sectional study     

M.  Kumaran  Anand  PR.  Kumar  J. Ashok  Muralidhar  M.  Vasagam  K. P. Kumaraguru  Vijayan  K. K. 《Aquaculture International》2021,29(6):2713-2730

Aquaculture International - Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) farming is an important commercial aquaculture production system contributing substantially to the economic and societal...  相似文献   

Effects of C:N ratio and substrate integration on periphyton biomass, microbial dynamics and growth of Penaeus monodon juveniles     

P. S. Shyne Anand  Sujeet Kumar  A. Panigrahi  T. K. Ghoshal  J. Syama Dayal  G. Biswas  J. K. Sundaray  D. De  R. Ananda Raja  A. D. Deo  S. M. Pillai  P. Ravichandran 《Aquaculture International》2013,21(2):511-524

An outdoor growth trial was conducted for 75 days to investigate the effect of C:N ratio and bamboo substrate (S) in brackish water shrimp culture. Penaeus monodon juveniles (0.35 ± 0.03 g) were stocked in experimental tanks with and without bamboo substrate. C:N ratio of 10 and 20 was manipulated with shrimp feed containing 32 % crude protein and rice flour as carbohydrate source. Addition of substrate and higher C:N ratio (CN20+S) significantly reduced (p < 0.01) inorganic nitrogen NH₃–N by 48.2 %, NO₃–N by 41.6 %, NO₂–N by 42.7 % compared with CN10. Substrate addition significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the turbidity by 22.4 % (CN10+S against CN10) and 20.7 % (CN20+S against CN20). Periphyton biomass and total heterotrophic bacterial load were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in CN20+S in comparison with CN10+S treatment. The autotrophic index increased from 123.4 ± 0.62 to 158.9 ± 3.8 for CN10+S and, 121.8 ± 1.6 to 228 ± 9.11 for CN20+S system. Provision of substrate and carbohydrate addition resulted in the highest body weight, 4.87 ± 0.12 g in CN20+S against 3.66 ± 0.07 g in CN20 and 2.90 ± 0.12 g in CN10 through provision of natural food in the form of periphytic algae and heterotrophic bacterial community. Treatment with substrates showed a higher survival rate by 7 % in comparison with without substrate treatments as it acted as shelter to shrimp during molting and there by reduced cannibalism. Thus, our results demonstrated that high C:N ratio and substrate addition improved growth, reduced FCR and better water quality conditions.  相似文献   

In vitro plant regeneration of non-toxic Jatropha curcas L.: Direct shoot organogenesis from cotyledonary petiole explants     

Nitish Kumar  K. G. Vijay Anand  Muppala P. Reddy 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2010,13(3):189-194

Jatropha curcas, the energy plant has attained great attention in recent years because of its biodiesel production potential; however, oil and deoiled cakes are toxic. A non-toxic variety of J. curcas is reported from Mexico. A simple and efficient protocol has been developed for plant regeneration using cotyledonary petiole explants of non-toxic variety of J. curcas. The percentage of induction of shoot buds (59.11%), and the number of shoot buds (5.01) per explant was achieved on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 2.27 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). These induced shoot buds multiplied when subcultured on MS medium supplemented with 10 μM kinetin (Kn), 4.5 μM 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), and 5.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 4 weeks and subsequent elongation achieved on MS medium supplemented with 2.25 μM BAP and 8.5 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Shoots more than 2 cm long were harvested and cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations and combinations of IBA, IAA, NAA, and 0.25 mg L^?1 activated charcoal, and 19.91% rooting was achieved in 15 μM IBA, 5.7 μM IAA, and 16.5 μM NAA after 4 weeks with more than 90% survival rate.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in Australian cattle     

BHG Pearse  RJ Traub  A Davis  R Cobbold  PB Vanderlinde 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(7):260-262

Objective The first national abattoir survey of Cysticercus bovis (‘beef measles’) in cattle was conducted in February 2008. Methods During the data collection period, 493,316 cattle were subjected to standard postmortem procedures, including incision of the masseter and heart muscles. On-site veterinarians were asked to record the location of any C. bovis cysts, as well as the National Livestock Identification System ear tag numbers of infected animals. Veterinarians were asked to submit samples for laboratory confirmation by histology and polymerase chain reaction testing. Results Of the 23 samples submitted, none was positive for C. bovis by either diagnostic method. Conclusions Occasional, isolated diagnoses of beef measles are still made in most states of Australia, but since the last regional surveys were conducted 30 years ago, when the estimated prevalence was 50 to 200 per 100,000 cattle slaughtered, the parasite has become extremely rare.  相似文献   

Alkali-stabilized Pt-OHx species catalyze low-temperature water-gas shift reactions     

Zhai Y  Pierre D  Si R  Deng W  Ferrin P  Nilekar AU  Peng G  Herron JA  Bell DC  Saltsburg H  Mavrikakis M  Flytzani-Stephanopoulos M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,329(5999):1633-1636

We report that alkali ions (sodium or potassium) added in small amounts activate platinum adsorbed on alumina or silica for the low-temperature water-gas shift (WGS) reaction (H(2)O + CO → H(2) + CO(2)) used for producing H(2). The alkali ion-associated surface OH groups are activated by CO at low temperatures (~100°C) in the presence of atomically dispersed platinum. Both experimental evidence and density functional theory calculations suggest that a partially oxidized Pt-alkali-O(x)(OH)(y) species is the active site for the low-temperature Pt-catalyzed WGS reaction. These findings are useful for the design of highly active and stable WGS catalysts that contain only trace amounts of a precious metal without the need for a reducible oxide support such as ceria.  相似文献   

Effects of taurine on glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione levels in rats     

Anand P  Rajakumar D  Jeraud M  Felix AJ  Balasubramanian T 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(3):219-225

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of oral administration of taurine on endogenous glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase (GR) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) level in normal rats. Normal saline (Group I) or 5% taurine in normal saline was administered in dose of 50 mg (Group II), 250 mg (Group III) or 500 mg kg(-1) of body weight (Group IV) through intragastric intubation for 60 days. GPx and GR enzyme activities and GSH and taurine levels were determined in liver, heart, stomach, kidney and plasma of normal Wistar rats. GPx activity showed an increase in liver, heart, stomach and plasma. GR activity increased in kidney and decreased in liver and plasma. GSH levels increased in liver, stomach and decreased in kidney. Liver showed an increase and heart, stomach and kidney a decrease in taurine level in taurine administered rats when compared to control rats. The results varied from organ to organ and the observed variations among organs might be related to their respective enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidant potential and its functions. From the present study it may be concluded that long term oral administration of taurine affects GPx, GR and GSH levels in normal rats.  相似文献