Pathophysiologic mechanism of cardiac dysfunction in experimentally induced heartworm caval syndrome in dogs: an echocardiographic study     

C E Atkins  B W Keene  S M McGuirk 《American journal of veterinary research》1988,49(3):403-410

In dogs with experimentally induced heartworm infection, the onset of caval syndrome (CS) was characterized by a murmur, loudest over the tricuspid valve, and a large worm mass in the right ventricular lumen detectable during diastole by use of M-mode echocardiography. Two-dimensional echocardiography indicated that the worm mass was located in the right atrium and venae cavae and was "flowing" into the right ventricle during rapid diastolic filling. Paradoxical septal motion and vigorous right ventricular cranial wall motion also were observed. Other echocardiographic changes included decreased size of the left atrium and ventricle, aortic root, and ratio of left-to-right ventricular diastolic luminal diameter, compared with values obtained 6 months after experimentally induced heartworm infection. Right ventricular end diastolic diameter increased considerably. Most echocardiographic indices of left ventricular function (fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, ejection fraction, and preejection period) were not altered appreciably, but estimates of cardiac index and stroke volume were markedly decreased. Electrocardiography revealed ventricular and supraventricular premature complexes in 7 of the 8 dogs studied, evidence of right ventricular enlargement in 6 of the 8 dogs studied, and increased mean heart rate, compared with that measured 6 months after inoculation of infective larvae, before the onset of CS. Cardiac catheterization was performed in 3 days at the onset of CS. Severe pulmonary arterial and right ventricular hypertension and decreased cardiac index (compared with values obtained before inoculation) were observed. Evidence of right ventricular inflow obstruction was not detected. Mean aortic blood pressure decreased with the onset of CS, but right ventricular end diastolic pressure increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

On the meaning and utility of diagnostic terms: Special reference to bronchopulmonary abnormalities in the horse          下载免费PDF全文

Whiting TL  Tesarowski DB 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(10):787-789

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Vitamin E, selenium and polyunsaturated fatty acids in clinically normal grower (9-16 weeks old) pigs and their feed: their relationship to the vitamin E/selenium deficiency ("VESD") syndrome     

Rammell CG  Pearson AB  Bentley GR 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1988,36(3):133-137

Vitamin E, selenium and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were determined in feed used at three piggeries over.a four week period and compared with corresponding concentrations in clinically normal grower pigs at slaughter. Mean values were vitamin E: 59 IU/kg (feed), 6 micromol/kg (liver), 1.7 micromol/l (serum); and selenium: 310 microg/kg (feed), 5200 nmol/kg (liver), 1700 nmol/l (blood). Alpha-tocopherol accounted for 80% of the mean vitamin E activity in the feed and over 95% that in the liver and serum. The mean ratio of PUFA to total fatty acid (FA) in the feed (38%) was similar to that in the serum (36%) and liver (39%), but the ratio of peroxidisable PUFA (PPUFA) to FA increased from 1.7% in the feed to 4.2% in the serum and 10.8% in the liver. The ratio of alpha-tocopherol (mmol) to PPUFA (mol) in the liver varied from 0.16 to 0.48. The relationship of these data to the VESD syndrome is discussed in the light of other published data.  相似文献   

A blind test of the serological response of dogs to infection with Taenia ovis     

Heath DD  Lawrence SB  Oudemans G 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1988,36(3):143-145

Fifty six dogs of mixed age and sex were acquired from farms in the Otago/Southland region, and maintained at the Hydatid Research Unit, Taieri, where 43 were each fed two Tueniu ovis cysts. All were bled fortnightly for six or 12 weeks. Coded sera were sent to Wallaceville Animal Research Centre for testing using ELISA, with antigen from T. ovis scoleces. Dog treatments were identified after all tests were complete. A discriminant level was derived from the mean absorbance value plus three standard deviations of 56 sera taken at time zero and 78 sera from serially bled uninfected dogs. None of these 134 sera registered as a false positive using this discriminant level. The data showed no significant deviation from normality, and the expected frequency of the occurrence of false positives is therefore less than 0.14%. Four weeks after infection 63% of dogs proved to be infected were serologically positive, rising to 78% after 6 weeks. When worms were removed by anthelmintic treatment, ELISA absorbance levels decreased. Four weeks after removal 70% of previously infected dogs remained positive, decreasing to 30% after 6 weeks. Six weeks after infection the sensitivity of the test was 78%, and the specificity 63%. However, if dogs with positive ELISA absorbance levels, but which did not purge worms, were regarded as having had worms, the respective figures would be 82% and 100%. The latter figures are similar to our previously published laboratory results. The test is of comparable efficiency to arecoline purgation for surveillance, and has the additional advantage of detecting infection in the majority of those dogs that have been infected for three weeks or more but fail to pass worms on purgation, and a substantial proportion of those infected dogs that were treated by their owners prior to presenting them for purgation in order to avoid detection of infection.  相似文献   

A serological study of leptospirosis in domestic deer in New Zealand     

Flint SH  Corner RJ  Marshall RB 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1988,36(3):151-152

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Western Canada. Rabies diagnosis july 1-december 31, 1987          下载免费PDF全文

Loewen K  Prins B 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(4):393

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A study of periodontal disease in sheep over a twelve month period     

Laws AJ  Frisken KW  Orr MB 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1988,36(1):32-34

Sheep affected by broken mouth periodontal disease (P.D.) were examined over a twelve month period for different clinical parameters. It is suggested that P.D. in sheep is an episodic phenomenon similar to human P.D., and that only a few animals with signs of P.D. may undergo clinically significant destruction over a yearly period. No single parameter could reliably predict future deterioration in other parameters.  相似文献   

International development: A new beginning          下载免费PDF全文

Julian D  Mills M  Carrière S  Stevenson B 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(12):966-967

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An outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever in Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus)     

Orr MB  Mackintosh CG 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1988,36(1):19-21

Thirteen (54%) of 24 Père David's deer (Eluphurus duvidianus) imported from England died of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) within a year of arrival at Invermay Agricultural Centre. The duration of clinical illness was from one to approximately 33 days, and the most common clinical signs were depression, a hunched stance and diarrhoea. On post-mortem examination, most deer showed recent localised haemorrhages, often into the large intestine. In all deer there was histological vasculitis especially in the brain.  相似文献   

Observations on the use of feeding space in a commercial broiler chicken house     

A. P. Preston  Linda B. Murphy 《British poultry science》1988,29(2):293-300

1. Observations were made on the use of food pans and food trays by commercially grown broiler chickens.

2. Birds fed by going inside the feeders on top of the food or from standing around the outside of the feeders. The feeding times of birds inside feeders were significantly longer than those of birds outside. Different reasons to account for this are proposed for the 2 types of feeder.

3. The total number of birds able to feed together from a tray or pan changed as the birds grew. With trays this change in the number of birds was a steady decline. With pans the change was non‐linear and reflected a changing ratio of birds eating in to birds eating out. This ratio was influenced by pan design features and by competition for feeding space.

4. The data suggest that a linear measure of feeding space, as used in research trials and Codes of Practice for Welfare, does not adequately describe birds’ access to and use of feeding space. Implications for both research and the commercial industry are discussed.  相似文献