Photoilluminance of different woven structures by treatment with phosphorescent pigment     

Hafsa Jamshaid  Rajesh Mishran 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(5):950-953

The work is focused on study of photoilluminance of woven fabrics. Plain, twill, and matt woven structures are investigated after application of the phosphorescent agent. Samples were kept under observation for different periods of time in completely sealed box where light couldn’t enter from any side. Lux meter was used to measure the intensity of light. As the charging time increases, glowing time also increases and the weave structure having greater capacity to absorb light radiations from the source, glows for a longer duration of time. The weave having larger number of intersections facilitates greater absorption of light photons and the weaves having relatively lower number of intersections have a smaller capacity to absorb light radiations. Longer yarn floats in the fabric, tend to reflect higher portion of light, which in turn causes less charging of the phosphorescent fabric. Thus a shorter glow time is observed. Tensile and tear strength was mesaured for all fabric samples before and after application of phosphorescent pigment so as to observe the effect of treatment on mechanical properties.  相似文献   

Preparation of color filters using azo and nitroso colorants     

Manjaree A. Satam  Rajesh K. Raut  Vishal Y. Gehlot  N. Sekar 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(1):1-7

Color filters were prepared by using azo colorants and nitroso metal complex colorants. Initially, crushed glass particles were colored by using the azo and nitroso-iron complex colorants. These colored glass particles were used to obtain a colored composite with unsaturated polyester resin to give colored glass filters. Glass filters obtained were used for study to evaluate fading rate with respect to UV radiation, heat and moisture. Thermo gravimetric analyses of synthesized colorants were also carried out to determine their thermal stability.  相似文献   

A Rapid Two-Step Bioremediation of the Anthraquinone Dye, Reactive Blue 4 by a Marine-Derived Fungus     

Ashutosh Kumar Verma  Chandralata Raghukumar  Rajesh Ramnath Parvatkar  Chandrakant Govind Naik 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(6):3499-3509

A rapid two-step technique for bioremediation of the anthraquinone dye, the Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) by a marine-derived fungus is reported here. In the first step, 1,000?mg?l^?1 of this dye treated with partially purified laccase of this fungus resulted in 61?% color removal and twofold decrease in chemical oxygen demand by 12?h. The metabolites formed during the enzymatic degradation were characterized by mass spectrometry, ultra performance liquid chromatography, and UV/visible spectroscopy. These analyses confirmed changes in the aromatic character of the parent dye and formation of low molecular weight phenolic compounds as the final products of the enzymatic degradation. Based on these results, the probable degradation products of RB4 were 2-formylbenzoic acid, 1,2,4,5-tetrahydroxy-3-benzoic acid, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, and 1,2,3,4-pentahydroxybenzene. In the second step, the enzyme-transformed dye solution subjected to sorption on the powdered fungal biomass resulted in a further reduction in color up to 93?% within 10?min. Sorption of the degraded dye was confirmed by the changes in the pattern of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum. The two-step treatment resulted in a decrease of 29?% in total carbon accompanied by twofold decrease in toxicity. This is the first report on decolorization, detoxification, and mineralization of RB4 by laccase from a marine-derived fungus.  相似文献   

Experimental investigation of mechanical behavior of Jute-Flax based glass fiber reinforced composite     

B. Vijaya Ramnath  C. Elanchezhian  P. V. Nirmal  G. Prem Kumar  V. Santhosh Kumar  S. Karthick  S. Rajesh  K. Suresh 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(6):1251-1262

Present technological development and innovation needs a better class of material that meets all the practical applications along with its environmental friendly nature and economical value. Hybrid natural fiber composites, a sector of natural composites meets these requirements. This paper deals with fabrication, mechanical characterization of a hybrid (Jute+Flax+GFRP) composite and also the comparison of it with the (Jute+GFRP) based composite. These composites are fabricated using hand lay-up technique. The arrangement of hybrid composite is such that a layer of vertically laid flax fiber is flanked between layers of horizontally laid jute fiber. Epoxy resin alongside with HY951 hardener is used as the binding agent throughout the layer. Glass fiber laminates are used on both sides for improving the surface finish and surface hardness. The volumetric fraction is such that one third of total volume is occupied by Jute and Flax fibers. Test results shows that the hybrid natural composite has excellent properties under tensile, flexural loading. At last failure morphology analysis is done using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the internal structure of the broken specimen is discussed.  相似文献   

Insulin-like growth factor signalling and its significance as a biomarker in fish and shellfish research     

Chandhini  S.  Trumboo  Bushra  Jose  Seena  Varghese  Tincy  Rajesh  M.  Kumar  V. J. Rejish 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2021,47(4):1011-1031

The insulin-like growth factor signalling system comprises insulin-like growth factors, insulin-like growth factor receptors and insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins. Along with the growth hormones, insulin-like growth factor signalling is very pivotal in the growth and development of all vertebrates. In fishes, insulin-like growth factors play an important role in osmoregulation, besides the neuroendocrine regulation of growth. Insulin-like growth factor concentration in plasma can assess the growth in fishes and shellfishes and therefore widely applied in nutritional research as an indicator to evaluate the performance of selected nutrients. The present review summarizes the role of insulin-like growth factor signalling in fishes and shellfishes, its significance in aquaculture and in evaluating growth, reproduction and development, and discusses the utility of this system as biomarkers for early indication of growth in aquaculture.

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Molecular mapping and characterization of an RGA locus RGAPtokin1-2 171 in chickpea     

P.N. Rajesh  M. Tekeoglu  V.S. Gupta  P.K. Ranjekar  F.J. Muehlbauer 《Euphytica》2002,128(3):427-433

Resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP)is a targeted homology based method, which has been used in different crops to identify tightly linked markers for disease resistance genes and also to enrich the map with a different class of markers. In chickpea, using the RGA primers, which are designed based on the conserved motifs present in characterized R-genes, Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was performed on a resistant bulk and a susceptible bulk along with parents for ascochyta blight resistance. Of all available RGAs and their48 different combinations, only one RGA showed polymorphism during BSA. This marker was evaluated in an F_7:8 population of142 RILs from an interspecific cross ofC. arietinum (FLIP 84-92C) × C. reticulatum (PI 599072) and was mapped toCicer linkage map. The genomic location of chickpea RGA was compared with the locations of mapped chickpea R-genes. This is the first RGA marker mapped to chickpea linkage map. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Alleviation of drought stress in maize (Zea mays L.) by using endogenous endophyte Bacillus subtilis in North West Himalayas     

Gaurav Sood  Rajesh Kaushal  Minakshi Sharma 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(5):361-370

ABSTRACT

In the present study, we reported the isolation and molecular characterisation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase-producing endophyte and its effect on alleviating drought stress in maize. Ten morphologically distinct indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from maize roots and rhizosphere were screened for multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, and of ten, two strains (DHK and B1N1) possessing maximum PGP traits were evaluated at three water stress regimes in maize: (i) 80% field capacity (FC), (ii) 60% FC, and (iii) 40% FC for 45 days, starting 15 days after sowing to the maturity. Inoculation of DHK strain with maize at 80% FC induced a significant increase in plant biomass (root biomass, 86.67%; shoot biomass, 111.63%) together with decreased reactive oxygen species and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, 14.11?U/g fresh weight; peroxidase, 1.14?U/g fresh weight and catalase; 14.91?U/g fresh weight) compared to uninoculated control at same water regime (80% FC). The derivative strain also significantly accrued nutrients in maize and enhanced total chlorophyll and amino acid content in comparison with non-inoculated plants. 16S rDNA analysis of DHK strain revealed its lineage to Bacillus subtilis. Present investigations demonstrated the potential of the bacterial partner in alleviating drought stress in maize.  相似文献   

Development of an extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of copper(II) in leafy vegetable and pharmaceutical samples using pyridoxal-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (PPT)     

Sarma LS  Kumar JR  Reddy KJ  Reddy AV 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(14):5492-5498

A highly sensitive extractive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of copper(II) using pyridoxal-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone(PPT) as an analytical reagent. The PPT forms reddish brown species of copper(II) at a pH range of 3.0-5.5, and the complex was extracted into n-butanol. The Cu(II)-PPT complex shows maximum absorbance at 440 nm, with molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity being 2.16 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and 2.94 x 10(-3) microg cm(-2), respectively. The system obeys Beer's law in the range of 0.2-5.0 mg/L. The regression coefficient of the Beer's law straight line is 0.338, and the correlation coefficient is 0.96. The detection limit of the method is 0.0065 microg mL(-1). Most of the common metal ions generally found associated with copper do not interfere. The repeatability of the method was checked by finding the relative standard deviation. The developed method has been successfully employed for the determination of copper(II) in leafy vegetable and pharmaceutical samples. The method is evaluated by analyzing samples from the Bureau of Analyzed Samples (BCS 233, 266, 216/1, 207, and 179) and by intercomparison of experimental values using AAS.  相似文献   

Characterizing changes in land cover and forest fragmentation from multitemporal Landsat observations (1993-2018)in the Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve,Nepal     

Yali Zhang  Sandeep Sharma  Manjit Bista  Mingshi Li 《林业研究》2022,33(1):159-170

Natural forces and anthropogenic activities greatly alter land cover,deteriorate or alleviate forest frag-mentation and affect biodiversity.Thus land cover and forest fragmentation dynamics have become a focus of concern for natural resource management agencies and biodiversity con-servation communities.However,there are few land cover datasets and forest fragmentation information available for the Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (DHR) of Nepal to develop targeted biodiversity conservation plans.In this study,these gaps were filled by characterizing land cover and forest frag-mentation trends in the DHR.Using five Landsat images between 1993 and 2018,a support vector machine algorithm was applied to classify six land cover classes:forest,grass-lands,barren lands,agricultural and built-up areas,water bodies,and snow and glaciers.Subsequently,two landscape process models and four landscape metrics were used to depict the forest fragmentation situations.Results showed that forest cover increased from 39.4％ in 1993 to 39.8％ in 2018.Conversely,grasslands decreased from 38.2％ in 1993 to 36.9％ in 2018.The forest shrinkage was responsible for forest loss during the period,suggesting that the loss of for-est cover reduced the connectivity between forest and non-forested areas.Expansion was the dominant component of the forest restoration process,implying that it avoided the occurrence of isolated forests.The maximum value of edge density and perimeter area fractal dimension metrics and the minimum value of aggregation index were observed in 2011,revealing that forests in this year were most fragmented.These specific observations from the current analysis can help local authorities and local communities,who are highly dependent on forest resources,to better develop local forest management and biodiversity conservation plans.  相似文献   

Transfer of 137Cs and 40K from Agricultural Soils to Food Products in Terrestrial Environment of Tarapur, India     

Rajesh H. Panchal  Devendar D. Rao  Bipin H. Mehta 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,219(1-4):429-442

The ¹³⁷Cs and ⁴⁰K activities and transfer factors from soil to vegetables, grass, and milk from villages located around Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS) were determined using high-resolution gamma spectrometry. A total of 32 soil, 21 vegetable, 23 dry paddy grass, and 23 milk samples were collected from 23 different agricultural farms from various villages around TAPS to determine transfer factors for natural environment. The mean concentration values for ¹³⁷Cs and ⁴⁰K in soil, grass, and milk were 2.39?±?0.86 Bq kg^?1, 0.31?±?0.23 Bq kg^?1, and 12.4?±?5.7 mBq L^?1 and 179?±?31 Bq kg^?1, 412?±?138 Bq kg^?1, and 37.6?±?9.3 Bq L^?1, respectively, for soil?Cgrass?Cmilk pathway. In the soil?Cvegetation pathway, the mean concentrations values for ¹³⁷Cs and ⁴⁰K were 2.15?±?1.04 Bq kg^?1, 16.5?±?7.5 mBq kg^?1, and 185?±?24, 89?±?50 Bq kg^?1, respectively. The evaluated mean transfer factors from soil?Cgrass, grass?Cmilk, and soil?Cvegetation for ¹³⁷Cs were 0.14, 0.0044, and 0.0073 and that of ⁴⁰K were 2.42, 0.0053, and 0.49, respectively. Only 15 out of total 44 milk and vegetable samples were detected positive for ¹³⁷Cs, indicating a very low level of bioavailability.  相似文献