A novel phosphorus biofertilization strategy using cattle manure treated with phytase–nanoclay complexes     

Daniel Menezes-Blackburn  Milko A. Jorquera  Liliana Gianfreda  Ralf Greiner  María de la Luz Mora 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(4):583-592

The aim of this work was to evaluate the treatment of cattle manure with phytases stabilized in allophanic nanoclays as a potential novel phosphorus (P) biofertilization technology for crops grown in volcanic soils (Andisol). Furthermore, because the optimal pH for commercial phytase catalysis does not match the natural pH of manure, a complementary experiment was set up to evaluate the effect of manure inoculation with an alkaline phytase-producing bacterium. Finally, phytase-treated soil, manure, and soil–manure mixtures were evaluated for their P-supplying capacity to wheat plants grown under greenhouse conditions. Treating cattle manure with phytases stabilized in nanoclays resulted in a significant (P?≤?0.05) increase of inorganic P in soil extracts (NaOH-EDTA and Olsen). The use of phytase-treated cattle manure increased dry weights by 10 % and the P concentration by 39 % in wheat plants grown under greenhouse conditions, which is equivalent to a P fertilizer rate of about 150 kg of P per hectare. The inoculation of cattle manure with β-propeller phytase-producing bacteria led to an ～10 % increase in inorganic P in the manure extracts. However, applying inoculated manure to soil did not significantly increase wheat yield or P acquisition responses. Our results suggest that the novel approach of incubating cattle manure with phytases stabilized in nanoclay enhances the organic P cycling and P nutrition of plants grown in P-deficient soils.  相似文献   

Estimating the human impact on populations of the endangered noble crayfish (Astacus astacus L.) in north‐western Poland     

Holger K. Schulz  Przemys&#x;aw mietana  Ralf Schulz 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2006,16(3):223-233

• 1. The Pomorskie Lakeland close to the town of Miastko shows the highest density of stocks of the noble crayfish Astacus astacus (L.) in the lowlands of north‐western Poland. In summer 2002, the present status of this highly threatened species was analysed by means of mark and recapture trapping.
• 2. Nine lakes with known occurrence of A. astacus were investigated. Each lake was surveyed with regard to the crayfish population density, water quality and potential recent and historical impact of fisheries and recreation. The estimated population density was evaluated statistically with respect to a set of potential environmental variables.
• 3. The estimated densities of A. astacus populations varied from very abundant (6.6 adult individuals per trap per night) to absent. Two lakes were found to contain the non‐indigenous crayfish Orconectes limosus (Raf.). The population density was not correlated with conductivity, pH, transparency, alkalinity, the concentration of ammonium, calcium, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, or with the trophic status of the lakes. A. astacus occurred in lakes ranging from mesotrophic to eutrophic.
• 4. The results suggest that both occurrence and density of A. astacus populations depended on criteria associated with human activities that have altered the aquatic environment. Abundance of A. astacus was negatively correlated with eel (Anguilla anguilla) stocking intensity (r = ?0.88; p < 0.01) and number of yearly net catches (r = ?0.66; p < 0.05) and positively correlated with distance to nearest town (r = 0.72; p < 0.05).
• 5. It is concluded that the introduction of O. limosus most likely resulted from fishery activities, emphasizing the need for regulations to reduce the negative impact of lake fisheries on native crayfish stocks.

Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Concentrations of Nepsilon-carboxymethyllysine in human breast milk, infant formulas, and urine of infants     

Dittrich R  Hoffmann I  Stahl P  Müller A  Beckmann MW  Pischetsrieder M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(18):6924-6928

Maillard products, such as Nepsilon-carboxymethyllysine (CML), are readily formed during the manufacturing of infant formulas. Little has been known, however, about the presence of CML in human breast milk and about the uptake of CML by infants. In this study, CML was measured in the serum and breast milk of 32 healthy mothers by ELISA. CML concentrations in breast milk (137 +/- 82.7 ng/mL) were significantly lower than in the serum (399 +/- 67.8 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and on average 35-fold lower than in infant formulas (4754 +/- 4299.5 ng/mL). CML was also measured in the urine of 21 infants, which were fed with breast milk or formulas. Although there was a tendency toward higher urinary CML excretion in infants fed with hypoallergenic formulas compared to breast-fed ones, the differences were not significant. Neonates that were delivered by vaginal birth had significantly higher concentrations of CML compared to those delivered by caesarean section (1306 +/- 653 vs 601 +/- 220 ng/mL, p = 0.012). It is concluded that CML passes from the serum into the breast milk, but the levels are by far lower than in infant formulas. In very young neonates (< or =3 days), the mode of delivery has a greater influence on urinary CML excretion than the nutrition.  相似文献   

Evaluation of canine adverse food reactions by patch testing with single proteins,single carbohydrates and commercial foods          下载免费PDF全文

Cornelia Johansen  Claire Mariani  Ralf S. Mueller 《Veterinary dermatology》2017,28(5):473-e109

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Mycoplasma infection of the middle ear in three cats          下载免费PDF全文

Amanda L. Ackermann  Jennifer Ann Lenz  Elizabeth R. May  Linda A. Frank 《Veterinary dermatology》2017,28(4):417-e102

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Flupyradifurone effectively manages whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus in tomato          下载免费PDF全文

Emmanouil Roditakis  Marianna Stavrakaki  Maria Grispou  Aikaterini Achimastou  Xavier Van Waetermeulen  Ralf Nauen  Anastasia Tsagkarakou 《Pest management science》2017,73(8):1574-1584

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Insecticide resistance in Trialeurodes vaporariorum populations and novel diagnostics for kdr mutations          下载免费PDF全文

Despoina E Kapantaidaki  Eldem Sadikoglou  Dimitra Tsakireli  Vasileios Kampanis  Marianna Stavrakaki  Corinna Schorn  Aris Ilias  Maria Riga  George Tsiamis  Ralf Nauen  George Skavdis  John Vontas  Anastasia Tsagkarakou 《Pest management science》2018,74(1):59-69

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