STUDIES IN THE DIGESTIBILITY OF HERBAGE     

W. F. Raymond    C. D. Kemp    A. W. Kemp    C. E. Harris 《Grass and Forage Science》1954,9(1):69-82

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STUDIES ON THE DIGESTIBILITY OF HERBAGE     

W. F. Raymond    C. E. Harris    V. G. Harker 《Grass and Forage Science》1953,8(4):315-320

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STUDIES IN THE DIGESTIBILITY OF HERBAGE     

W. F. Raymond    D. J. Minson  C. E. Harris 《Grass and Forage Science》1959,14(2):75-77

Results are reported from six digestibility experiments in which frozen herbage was fed to groups of sheep at HIGH and Low levels of intake. The sheep on the HIGH level of intake digested the dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen and normal-acid fibre in the herbage less efficiently than those on the LOW level, confirming earlier results reported in Part VI of this series. Evidence suggests that this difference results from the higher rate of passage of food through the digestive tract at the HIGH level of intake.
These results are discussed with reference to the errors introduced into the faecal-index method for estimating the digestibility of grazed herbage.  相似文献   

Susceptibility of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) foliage and tubers to the US8 genotype ofPhytophthora infestans     

William W. Kirk  Kimberly J. Felcher  David S. Douches  Brendan A. Niemira  Raymond Hammerschmidt 《American Journal of Potato Research》2001,78(4):319-322

Late blight is an important disease of potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) worldwide, and therefore, many potato-breeding programs have prioritized the development of late blight-resistant potato cultivars. Although the emphasis has been to enhance foliar resistance, it is also necessary to evaluate tuber late blight resistance in new breeding lines and new sources of late blight resistance. We report here on the assessment of foliar and tuber resistance and the correlation between these aspects of resistance in a sample of Michigan State University potato breeding lines. Two MSU breeding lines had significantly less infected foliage than the susceptible check cultivars. Tuber susceptibility was significantly different (P < 0.05) only between the most susceptible and the least susceptible breeding lines/cultivars. Foliar and tuber susceptibility to potato late blight were not correlated as low tuber susceptibility was associated both with extremely low (e.g., MSG274-3) and high (e.g., MSE202-3Rus) foliar susceptibility.  相似文献   

Tibial tuberosity advancement for treatment of CrCL injury: complications and owner satisfaction     

Steinberg EJ  Prata RG  Palazzini K  Brown DC 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2011,47(4):250-257

The purpose of this retrospective study of 171 dogs that underwent 193 tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) surgeries was to describe complications and owner satisfaction associated with the procedure. Complications occurred in 21 cases (11%). Subsequent meniscal tear was the most common complication (10/193, 5.2%). Increasing body weight (P=0.02-0.04) and small cage size (P=0.06) were significantly associated with postsurgical complications. Ninety-two percent of owners were satisfied with the outcome of the TTA procedure, but only 84% stated that they would be willing to have the procedure performed again. The authors concluded that TTA had a complication rate and owner satisfaction similar to other tibial osteotomies for the surgical correction of cranial cruciate ligament disease.  相似文献   

α-Melanocyte--stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotropin concentrations in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone and comparison with adrenocorticotropin concentration after domperidone administration in healthy horses and horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction     

Beech J  McFarlane D  Lindborg S  Sojka JE  Boston RC 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(10):1305-1315

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Effect of water content in a canned food on voluntary food intake and body weight in cats     

Wei A  Fascetti AJ  Villaverde C  Wong RK  Ramsey JJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(7):918-923

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Validating an FFQ for intake of episodically consumed foods: application to the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study     

Midthune D  Schatzkin A  Subar AF  Thompson FE  Freedman LS  Carroll RJ  Shumakovich MA  Kipnis V 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(7):1212-1221

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Effect of temperature and photoperiod on symptoms associated with resistance toPhytophthora infestans after leaf penetration in susceptible and resistant potato cultivars     

O. A. Rubio-Covarrubias  D. S. Douches  R. Hammerschmidt  A. daRocha  W. W. Kirk 《American Journal of Potato Research》2005,82(2):139-146

The effect of temperature and photoperiod on the expression of resistance against Phytophthora infestans in five potato cultivars with and without resistance (R) genes was investigated. Four experiments were carried out under controlled conditions in growth chambers. Two cultivars (393295.236 and 391046.22) without known R genes from the International Potato Center (CIP) in Lima, Peru, two Mexican cultivars with major R genes (Tollocan and Malinche), and a susceptible cultivar (Atlantic) were used in this study. Plants were grown for 32 days in growth chambers at two temperatures (16 and 24 C) and two photoperiods (12 and 16 h day length), then inoculated with a compatible isolate of P. infestans and incubated in a mist chamber at 18 C. The inoculation efficiency, the percentage of lesions that did not grow beyond the inoculation spot, the sporangia density, and the AUDPC were recorded. The percentage of arrested lesions decreased with temperature in the two most resistant cultivars (393295.236 and Malinche), and the AUDPC was lower at 16 than at 24 C in four of the five cultivars. The inoculation efficiency and the sporangia density were not affected by change in temperature. Sporangia density increased at 16 h photoperiod; however, the final infected leaf area was not affected. Our results demonstrate that the expression of horizontal and vertical resistance was affected by temperature; however, the relative resistance ranking among cultivars was the same in the four experiments with different temperatures and photoperiods. It is assumed that the resistance in the Mexican cultivars may be conferred by minor resistance genes and by the residual effect of defeated R genes. These results emphasize the difficulty in differentiating between horizontal and vertical resistance.  相似文献   

Influence of tillage and method of metam sodium application on distribution and survival ofVerticillium dahliae in the soil and the development of verticillium wilt of potato     

Raymond J. Taylor  Julie S. Pasche  Neil C. Gudmestad 《American Journal of Potato Research》2005,82(6):451-461

The effect of plowing and deep-rip tillage, in combination with chemigation or shank injection of metam sodium, onVerticillium dahliae populations and disease development was assessed in two fields with differing soil types and potato rotations. Soil samples were collected on a geo-referenced basis at depths of 0 to 10 cm and 10 to 20 cm before tillage, after tillage, after chemical application, and before planting and assayed for the presence of the pathogen. Propagules ofV. dahliae were detected at 140 of 141 sites sampled prior to tillage. Most (74.4% in heavy, sandy loam; 63.1% in light, loamy sand) were concentrated in upper 10 cm of the soil profile. Plowing redistributed inoculum vertically while deep-rip tillage did not. In the non-chemical treated areas of both fields, theVerticillium population reached a maximum between 25 July and 8 August before declining to near pre-tillage levels. Overall, the population generally was lower in the field with heavy soil, higher organic matter content, and a 3-year crop rotation. Metam sodium appeared to be most effective when shank injected, as the levels of inoculum in both fields declined by 60% to 80% following this application method. Chemigation was ineffective in the lighter soil, but the inoculum density in the deep-rip tillage area of the field with the heavier soil declined by nearly 20% in the upper and 60% in the lower strata following this treatment. The number ofV. dahliae propagules at the 10- to 20-cm depth in the plowed area of the same field was reduced by 25% following chemigation, but remained unchanged in the upper strata. Wilt was reduced in both fields by as much as 50% with shank injection of metam sodium with concomitant increases in total yield, marketable yield and gross income. Increases in total yield were significant (P<0.05) for the main effect of chemical, in the plowed area of the field with the heavier soil type following shank injection. These data suggest that growers might benefit from altering their tillage and chemical application practices as part of an integrated approach to managing Verticillium wilt.  相似文献