Anthocyanins accumulation and related gene expression in red orange fruit induced by low temperature storage   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lo Piero AR  Puglisi I  Rapisarda P  Petrone G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(23):9083-9088

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Rapid confirmatory assay for determining 12 sulfonamide antimicrobials in milk and eggs by matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry     

Bogialli S  Curini R  Di Corcia A  Nazzari M  Polci ML 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(15):4225-4232

A rapid confirmatory method for determining 12 sulfonamide (SAs) antibacterials in whole milk and eggs is presented. This method is based on the matrix solid-phase dispersion technique with hot water as extractant followed by liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS). The LC-MS instrument was equipped with an electrospray ion source and a single quadrupole. After 4 mL of a milk sample containing the analytes had been deposited on sand (crystobalite), this material was packed into an extraction cell. SAs were extracted by flowing 4 mL of water through the cell heated at 75 degrees C. With some modifications, this procedure was applied also to eggs. After pH adjustment and filtration, 0.5 mL of the final extracts was then injected into the LC column. MS data acquisition was performed in the positive-ion mode and by monitoring at least three ions for each target compound. The in-source collision-induced dissociation process produced confirmatory ions. At the 50 ng/g level, recovery of the analytes in milk and eggs was 77-92% with relative standard deviations ranging between 1 and 11%. Estimated limits of quantification (S/N = 10) were 1-3 ng/g of SAs in milk and 2-6 ng/g in eggs. With both matrices, attempts to reduce the analysis time by using a short chromatographic run time caused severe ion signal suppression for the early-eluted SAs. This effect was traced to competition effects by polar endogenous coextractives, maybe proteinaceous species, which are eluted in the first part of the chromatographic run. This unwelcome effect was almost completely removed by simply adopting more selective chromatographic conditions.  相似文献   

Resveratrol reduces the invasive growth and promotes the acquisition of a long-lasting differentiated phenotype in human glioblastoma cells     

Castino R  Pucer A  Veneroni R  Morani F  Peracchio C  Lah TT  Isidoro C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(8):4264-4272

Malignant glioblastoma represents a challenge in the chemotherapy of brain tumors, because of its aggressive behavior characterized by chemoresistance, infiltrative diffusion, and high rate of recurrence and death. In this study, we used cultured human U87MG cells and primary human glioblastoma cultures to test the anticancer properties of resveratrol (RV), a phytoalexin abundantly present in a variety of dietary products. In U87MG cells, 100 μM RV elicited cell growth arrest by 48 h and bax-mediated cell toxicity by 96 h and greatly limited cell migration and invasion through matrigel. Both in U87MG cells and in primary glioblastoma cultures, the chronic administration of RV (100 μM for up to 96 h) decreased the expression of nestin (a brain (cancer) stem cells marker) but increased that of glial acidic fibrillary protein (a mature glial cell marker) and of βIII-tubulin (a neuronal differentiation marker). Chronic treatment with RV increased the proportion of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. This is the first report showing the ability of RV to induce glial-like and neuronal-like differentiation in glioblastoma cells. The beneficial effects of chronic RV supplementation lasted up to 96 h after its withdrawal from the culture medium. The present findings support the introduction of pulsed administration of this food-derived molecule in the chemotherapy regimen of astrocytomas.  相似文献   

A simple analytical method for dhurrin content evaluation in cyanogenic plants for their utilization in fodder and biofumigation     

De Nicola GR  Leoni O  Malaguti L  Bernardi R  Lazzeri L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(15):8065-8069

Cyanogenic plants have some potential as biocidal green manure crops in limiting several soilborne pests and pathogens. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and Sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor subsp. sudanense (P.) Stapf), in fact, contain the cyanogenic glucoside p-hydroxy-(S)-mandelonitrile-β-D-glucoside (dhurrin) as a substrate of its secondary defensive system able to release hydrogen cyanide following tissue lesions due to biotic or abiotic factors. Given that dhurrin content is correlated with the biofumigant efficacy of the plants, a high dhurrin content could be a positive character for utilization of sorghum and Sudangrass as biocidal green manure plants. For chemical characterization of the available germplasm, a simple, safe, and accurate method is necessary. In this paper, a new method for dhurrin analysis, based on methanol extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography, is reported and discussed. The feasibility of this analytical procedure was tested by evaluating dhurrin level in roots and stems during cultivation of four different sorghum and Sudangrass varieties in agronomic trials performed in 2008 in the Po valley (Italy). The dhurrin content ranged from 0.16 ± 0.04 to 7.14 ± 0.32 mg g(-1) on dried matter (DM) in stems and from 1.38 ± 0.02 to 6.57 ± 0.09 mg g(-1) on DM in roots, showing statistical differences among the tested germplasms that could be linked to the efficacy of their utilization as biofumigant plants. The method also opens new perspectives for the characterization of sorgum plants as fodder, for which the presence of dhurrin is considered to be negative for its well-known toxicity.  相似文献   

Phylogeography and conservation perspectives of an endangered macaronesian endemic: Picconia azorica (Tutin) Knobl. (Oleaceae)     

Raquel C. Ferreira  Roberta Piredda  Francesca Bagnoli  Rosanna Bellarosa  Marcella Attimonelli  Silvia Fineschi  Bartolomeo Schirone  Marco C. Simeone 《European Journal of Forest Research》2011,130(2):181-195

The Azores provide an excellent field test for research activities aimed at developing conservation strategies for endangered tree species. In this work, the urgency to promote Picconia azorica conservation programs addressed (a) insights into the biotaxonomy of the species (including an evaluation of its origin and relationships with the only congeneric species of P. azorica: P. excelsa from the Canary and Madeira islands) and (b) the evaluation of P. azorica genetic diversity. Plastid DNA sequence analysis and molecular markers (RFLP and SSR) were used for this purpose. Phylogenetic data suggest the monophyly of Picconia and support a late Miocene divergence of the two species. Three polymorphic cpSSR loci allowed the identification of five different haplotypes in P. azorica. Uniqueness and relictuality of lineages are presented and discussed. Picconia azorica intra-specific diversity patterns revealed low genetic diversity and a weak genetic structure, which could result from long-lasting ecological stability and efficient inter-island seed movement that have been severely affected in recent times. The species survival is at risk, and we suggest management practices focusing on ex situ and in situ conservation units based on eco-genetic data. Additional measures contributing to mild erosion of the genepool and to remove barriers to seed dispersal are indicated.  相似文献   

Specificity of a canine pancreas-specific lipase assay for diagnosing pancreatitis in dogs without clinical or histologic evidence of the disease     

Neilson-Carley SC  Robertson JE  Newman SJ  Kutchmarick D  Relford R  Woosley K  Steiner JM 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(3):302-307

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Usutu virus in Italy: an emergence or a silent infection?     

Savini G  Monaco F  Terregino C  Di Gennaro A  Bano L  Pinoni C  De Nardi R  Bonilauri P  Pecorari M  Di Gialleonardo L  Bonfanti L  Polci A  Calistri P  Lelli R 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,151(3-4):264-274

A two year study (2008-2009) was carried out to monitor the Usutu virus (USUV) circulation in Italy. Sentinel horses and chickens, wild birds and mosquitoes were sampled and tested for the presence of USUV and USUV antibodies within the WND National Surveillance plan. Seroconversion evidenced in sentinel animals proved that in these two years the virus has circulated in Tuscany, Emilia Romagna, Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions. In Veneto USUV caused a severe blackbird die-off disease involving at least a thousand birds. Eleven viral strains were detected in organs of 9 blackbirds (52.9%) and two magpies (0.5%) originating from Veneto and Emilia Romagna regions. USUV was also detected in a pool of Culex pipiens caught in Tuscany. According to the alignment of the NS5 partial sequences, no differences between the Italian USUV strains isolated from Veneto, Friuli and Emilia Romagna regions were observed. The Italian North Eastern strain sequences were identical to those of the strain detected in the brain of a human patient and shared a high similarity with the isolates from Vienna and Budapest. Conversely, there were few differences between the Italian strains which circulated in the North Eastern regions and the USUV strain detected in a pool of C. pipiens caught in Tuscany. A high degree of similarity at both nucleotide and amino acid level was also found when the full genome sequence of the Italian North Eastern isolate was compared with that of the strains circulating in Europe. The North Eastern Italian strain sequence exhibited 97% identity to the South African reference strain SAAR-1776. The deduced amino acid sequences of the Italian strain differed by 10 and 11 amino-acids from the Budapest and Vienna strains, respectively, and by 28 from the SAAR-1776 strain. According to this study two strains of USUVs are likely to have circulated in Italy between 2008 and 2009. They have developed strategies of adaptation and evolution to spread into new areas and to become established.  相似文献   

The synergistic effect of organic acids,phytochemicals and a permeabilizing complex reduces <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salmonella</Emphasis> Typhimurium 1,4,[5],12:i-shedding in pigs     

Jessica Ruggeri  Fabio Foresti  Roberta Pavesi  Alessia Terrini  Francesca Giudici  Diego Padoan  Attilio Corradi  Maria Cristina Ossiprandi  Paolo Pasquali  Giovanni Loris Alborali 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(3):209-217

Salmonella Typhimurium (including S.Typhimurium 1,4,[5],12:i-) and other enteric pathogens cause acute infection in pigs during the weaning stage, often evolving into chronic infections responsible for the introduction of zoonotic bacteria into the slaughterhouse and thus determining carcass contamination. In addition to being zoonotic hazards, these pathogens are responsible for economic losses in affected farms. Traditionally, antibiotic treatments have been largely administered in order to reduce the infection burden but it favored, as a direct consequence, an increase in the number of multi-drug resistance strains. In order to overcome antibiotic-resistance concerns, new alternative control strategies should be developed. In this context, a blend of organic acids, phytochemicals and a permeabilizing complex, administered in feed (Group A - 459 piglets) or water (Group B – 458 piglets), was tested in field conditions for its capability of reducing Salmonella-infection in weaned piglets of an endemic farm. Data recorded were compared to results of a control group (Group C - 456 piglets). Zootechnical parameters were recorded in all animals, while microbiological, serological and PCR analyses were conducted in 15 piglets for each group. Results demonstrated that additive administered in feed improved animal weight gain (better average daily gain [A.D.G.] and increment), and rapidly reduced Salmonella-shedding in feces. Administration of additive in feed gave better results than in water.  相似文献   

Evaluation of metabolic profile and C‐reactive protein concentrations in brachycephalic dogs with upper airway obstructive syndrome     

Paola Gianella  Roberta Caccamo  Claudio Bellino  Enrico Bottero  Federica Fietta  Silvia Roncone  Fabio Ostanello  Marco Pietra  Paolo Buracco 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(5):2183-2192

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Effects of isoflurane on echocardiographic parameters in healthy dogs     

Sousa MG  Carareto R  De-Nardi AB  Brito FL  Nunes N  Camacho AA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2008,35(3):185-190

Objective To study the echocardiographic effects of isoflurane at an end‐tidal concentration approximating 1.0 times the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) in healthy unpremedicated dogs. Study design Prospective experimental trial. Animals Sixteen mature mongrel dogs of either sex weighing 11.06 ± 2.72 kg. Methods After performing a baseline echocardiogram in the awake animal, anesthesia was induced with increasing inspired concentrations of isoflurane via a face mask until tracheal intubation was possible. Following intubation, the end‐tidal concentration was decreased to 1.4% for the rest of the anesthetic period. Serial echocardiograms were recorded at 25, 40, and 55 minutes after the end‐tidal concentration was reached. Results No changes were observed in heart rate. However, significant decreases were seen in left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (Mean maximal change: 13.8%), interventricular septal thickness during systole (15.2%), interventricular septal thickening fraction (72.2%), left ventricular free wall thickening fraction (63.5%), ejection fraction (39.9%), and fractional shortening (46.7%). In addition, peak flow velocities across mitral, pulmonic, and aortic valves were significantly lower than baseline values. Decreases were also observed in end‐diastolic left ventricular volume index (approximately 32.1% from the awake value), stroke index (58.2%), and cardiac index (55.3%) when compared with awake measurements. Conclusions and clinical relevance Our results indicate that 1 × MAC isoflurane caused significant myocardial depression in healthy dogs. These changes in myocardial function need to be considered carefully when isoflurane is to be used in dogs with poor cardiovascular reserve.  相似文献