Lipid droplet distribution of immature canine oocytes in relation to their size and the reproductive stage          下载免费PDF全文

Federica Ariu  Alessandro Strina  Ombretta Murrone  Laura Falchi  Daniela Bebbere  Sergio Ledda  Maria Teresa Zedda  Salvatore Pau  Luisa Bogliolo 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(1):147-150

This study investigated the distribution of lipid droplets (LD) in immature canine oocytes in relation to their size and the reproductive stage. Oocytes were collected from the ovaries of bitches at different estrous stages, divided according to their size (110‐120 µm; >120 µm), and stained with Nile Red to detect lipid droplet distribution. At the follicular phase most of the oocytes displayed a diffuse pattern of LD distribution, whereas at anestrus and luteal phase oocytes showed LD mainly in a peripheral/ perinuclear LD distribution. A significantly higher intensity of LD has been recorded in the oocytes > 120 µm compared to those of smaller size (110 ‐ 120 µm) at all stages of the estrous cycle. At follicular phase, oocytes > 120 µm displayed LD intensity similar to that of oocytes > 120 µm at luteal phase and higher compared to the oocytes of the other groups.  相似文献   

Assessment of the optimal age for a preventive ultrasonographic screening of the uterine health in bitches     

Monica Melandri  Gabriele Barella  Salvatore Alonge 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(9):1182-1187

Studies about prevalence of uterine pathologies in bitches are scarce. Although correlation between age and uterine disorders was documented, the most suitable age for a preventive sonographic screening has not been proposed yet. Present study aimed to estimate the eligible age for an ultrasonographic screening of uterine abnormalities in dogs. Data regarding ultrasound examination and clinical records of non‐pregnant intact females were retrospectively analysed. The age of each bitch was expressed as age ratio (actual/maximum age expected for the respective breed). The cut‐off age ratio was determined by a ROC curve for overall uterine abnormalities. Frequencies of different abnormalities below and over the cut‐off derived from the ROC curve were calculated and statistically analysed by chi‐Square and OR. Prevalence of three categories of ultrasonographic findings was as follows: cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) 18%; uterine collections (UC) 10.5%; masses (M) 1.3%. By the cut‐off age ratio (0.325), derived by ROC curve (AUC = 0.91; SP 84.23%; SE 79.2%; PPV 83.4%; NPV 80%), 228 cases were divided into two subgroups: bitches over (exposed group: n.83) and below cut‐off (control group: n.145). All abnormalities resulted more frequent in exposed group: OR was 24.96 (p < 0.0001: 71.1% over vs. 9% below cut‐off) for overall abnormalities; 13.68 (p < 0.0001: 40.9% vs. 4.8%) for CEH; 6.13 (p < 0.002: 21.7% vs. 4.1%) for UC; 12.65 (p = 0.09: 3.6% vs. 0%) for M. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia represents the most common finding in adult bitches, followed by UC. A preventive sonographic screening for uterine abnormalities should start from 33% of expected longevity to preventively select animals requiring further evaluations.  相似文献   

Monitoring managed forest structure at the compartment-level under different silvicultural heritages: An exploratory data analysis in Italy     

Claudia Becagli  Umberto Di Salvatore  Gianfranco Fabbio  Ferretti Fabrizio  Luca Salvati 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(3):234-250

ABSTRACT

The more and more diffused multifunctional role addressed nowadays to public forests, calls for targeted analysis aimed at highlighting the overall outcome of different practices implemented on the same forest compartment, according to the locally prevailing function. This study was carried out in four Italian beech forests across a latitudinal gradient representative of multiple management history, stand structure, and dominant stand age. We analyze forest structure at the compartment scale before and after silvicultural practices. We aim to explore relationships and similarities between 10 stand attributes (mensurational and structural variables) to identify relevant indicators for the monitoring and management of forest ecosystems. Results indicate changing patterns of correlation and similarity among mensurational variables following practice implementation. A sensitivity gradient to silvicultural practice was finally identified within the four sites investigated as a result of the diverging stand structure. Our approach suggests a way and provides an insight for the design of adaptive forestry management practices required to meet environmental targets, in addition to the already acknowledged supply of primary goods and services.  相似文献   

Relationship between inbreeding and milk production traits in two Italian dairy sheep breeds     

Alberto Cesarani  Salvatore Mastrangelo  Michele Congiu  Baldassare Portolano  Giustino Gaspa  Marco Tolone  Nicolò P. P. Macciotta 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2023,140(1):28-38

The effects of inbreeding in livestock species breeds have been well documented and they have a negative impact on profitability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of inbreeding in Sarda (SAR, n = 785) and Valle del Belice (VdB, n = 473) dairy sheep breeds and their impact on milk production traits. Two inbreeding coefficients (F) were estimated: using pedigree (F_PED), or runs of homozygosity (ROH; F_ROH) at different minimum ROH lengths and different ROH classes. After the quality control, 38,779 single nucleotide polymorphisms remained for further analyses. A mixed-linear model was used to evaluate the impact of inbreeding coefficients on production traits within each breed. VdB showed higher inbreeding coefficients compared to SAR, with both breeds showing lower estimates as the minimum ROH length increased. Significant inbreeding depression was found only for milk yield, with a loss of around 7 g/day (for SAR) and 9 g/day (VdB) for a 1% increase of F_ROH. The present study confirms how the use of genomic information can be used to manage intra-breed diversity and to calculate the effects of inbreeding on phenotypic traits.  相似文献   

Standing in the canine precision medicine knowledge gap: Improving annotation of canine cancer genomic biomarkers through systematic comparative analysis of human cancer mutations in COSMIC     

Sharadha Sakthikumar  Salvatore Facista  Derick Whitley  Sara A. Byron  Zeeshan Ahmed  Manisha Warrier  Zhanyang Zhu  Esther Chon  Kathryn Banovich  David Haworth  William P. D. Hendricks  Guannan Wang 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2023,21(3):482-491

The accrual of cancer mutation data and related functional and clinical associations have revolutionised human oncology, enabling the advancement of precision medicine and biomarker-guided clinical management. The catalogue of cancer mutations is also growing in canine cancers. However, without direct high-powered functional data in dogs, it remains challenging to interpret and utilise them in research and clinical settings. It is well-recognised that canine and human cancers share genetic, molecular and phenotypic similarities. Therefore, leveraging the massive wealth of human mutation data may help advance canine oncology. Here, we present a structured analysis of sequence conservation and conversion of human mutations to the canine genome through a ‘caninisation’ process. We applied this analysis to COSMIC, the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer, the most prominent human cancer mutation database. For the project's initial phase, we focused on the subset of the COSMIC data corresponding to Cancer Gene Census (CGC) genes. A total of 670 canine orthologs were found for 721 CGC genes. In these genes, 365 K unique mutations across 160 tumour types were converted successfully to canine coordinates. We identified shared putative cancer-driving mutations, including pathogenic and hotspot mutations and mutations bearing similar biomarker associations with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic utility. Thus, this structured caninisation of human cancer mutations facilitates the interpretation and annotation of canine mutations and helps bridge the knowledge gap to enable canine precision medicine.  相似文献   

Estimation of the intraoperative blood loss in dogs undergoing enucleation     

Emer Lenihan  Stephen J. Baines  Rose N. Linn-Pearl  Rachael A. Grundon  Rossella Carrozza  Elizabeth J. Stevens  Christine L. Heinrich  Karen Walsh 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2023,26(1):19-30

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A rapid multiplexed chemiluminescent immunoassay for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes pathogen bacteria   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Magliulo M  Simoni P  Guardigli M  Michelini E  Luciani M  Lelli R  Roda A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(13):4933-4939

A simple and rapid multiplexed sandwich chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay has been developed for the simultaneous detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes. To achieve the multiplexed detection of the four pathogens, a new polystyrene 96 well microtiter plate format has been designed, in which each main well contains four subwells in the bottom. The monoclonal antibodies specific for each bacteria were separately immobilized in each subwell. When the samples were added to the main wells, the bacteria able to specifically bind to the corresponding monoclonal antibody were captured in one of the four subwells. Subsequently, a mixture of peroxidase-labeled polyclonal antibodies against the four bacteria was added and the peroxidase activity of the bound polyclonal labeled antibodies in each well was measured by an enhanced luminol-based chemiluminescent cocktail using a low-light charge-coupled imaging device. The assay was simple and fast, and the limit of quantification was in the order of 104-105 CFU/mL for all bacterial species. The accuracy of the method, evaluated by comparison of the results with a conventional culturing methodology, was satisfactory, with recovery values ranging from 90 to 120%. This method can be used as a screening test to evaluate the presence of these pathogen bacteria in different foodstuffs.  相似文献   

Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans: the EPIC-Elderly Study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)     

Bamia C  Trichopoulos D  Ferrari P  Overvad K  Bjerregaard L  Tjønneland A  Halkjaer J  Clavel-Chapelon F  Kesse E  Boutron-Ruault MC  Boffetta P  Nagel G  Linseisen J  Boeing H  Hoffmann K  Kasapa C  Orfanou A  Travezea C  Slimani N  Norat T  Palli D  Pala V  Panico S  Tumino R  Sacerdote C  Bueno-de-Mesquita HB  Waijers PM  Peeters PH  van der Schouw YT  Berenguer A  Martinez-Garcia C  Navarro C  Barricarte A  Dorronsoro M  Berglund G  Wirfält E  Johansson I  Johansson G  Bingham S  Khaw KT  Spencer EA  Key T  Riboli E  Trichopoulou A 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(6):590-598

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Dimeric inhibitors of human salivary alpha-amylase from emmer (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) seeds     

Fontanini D  Capocchi A  Muccilli V  Saviozzi F  Cunsolo V  Saletti R  Foti S  Galleschi L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(25):10452-10460

The proteins belonging to the cereal trypsin/alpha-amylase inhibitor family are abundant water/salt-soluble flour proteins active against alpha-amylases from several seed parasites and pests and inactive against endogenous alpha-amylases. Three alpha-amylase inhibitor families have been described in cereals that vary in size and are differently expressed among Triticeae seeds. The present work investigates the presence of human salivary alpha-amylase inhibitors in emmer (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) flour. The isolation was obtained by a series of chromatography steps, and the purification progress was monitored through the inhibition of human salivary alpha-amylase activity. The purified fraction was subjected to protein sequencing by tandem mass spectrometry (MSMS) of the tryptic digests obtained after the sample separation on 2-DE. MSMS data indicated that the emmer alpha-amylase inhibitory fraction was composed of two newly identified proteins [emmer dimeric inhibitor 1 (EDI-1) and emmer dimeric inhibitor 2 (EDI-2)] sharing very high identity levels with related proteins from Triticum aestivum.  相似文献   

Racemization at C-2 of naringin in sour oranges with increasing maturity determined by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography     

Caccamese S  Bianca S  Santo D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(10):3816-3822

Naringin is the major flavanone-7-O-glycoside of sour orange, and it is mainly responsible for the bitter taste of the fruit. The relative content of (2S)- and (2R)-naringin in the albedo of sour oranges during maturation in the entire season was determined by normal phase HPLC using Chiralcel OD-H as chiral stationary phase and n-hexane/ethanol doped with 0.5% of TFA as mobile phase. HPLC traces were complicated by the presence of (2S)-neohesperidin, and a software-guided analysis was developed to assess the relative amount of the C-2 diastereomers of naringin. A sigmoid curve was obtained showing variation from 94% of (2S)-naringin in very immature fruits to 69.7% in mature fruit samples. Spontaneous epimerization of (2S)-naringin in the ethanolic solutions of the albedo was noted after prolonged keeping for less acid samples. The separation of the C-2 diastereomers of other flavanoid-7-O-glycosides present in Citrus (neoeriocitrin, neohesperidin, and eriocitrin) was also obtained by chiral HPLC and afforded the identification, including stereochemistry, of the eluting peaks in the HPLC traces of the albedo extracts.  相似文献