Effect of two whole-crop rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on methane emission and Cu and Zn uptake in a paddy field fertilized with biogas slurry     

Aye Thida Win  Daisuke Ito  Seiya Chikamatsu  Takashi Motobayashi  Natsuko Takahashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2016,62(1):99-105

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of two whole-crop rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, TULT and Takanari, on methane (CH₄) emission in a paddy field fertilized with biogas slurry (BS) at rates of 0 (NF), 100 (BS100) and 300 (BS300) kg nitrogen (N) ha^?1, in comparison with chemical fertilizer CF100 (100 kg N ha^?1). Takanari produced significantly higher biomass (P < 0.001) than TULT and showed significantly (P < 0.01) lower CH₄ emission than TULT. BS applications caused higher CH₄ emission (52 ± 27 and 80 ± 19 g m^?2 in BS100 and BS300, respectively) than did CF100 (42 ± 18 g m^?2) and NF (28 ± 10 g m^?2) in TULT. In contrast, there was no significant difference in CH₄ emission in Takanari among the treatments (26 ± 2, 26 ± 2, 32 ± 4, 29 ± 8 g m^?2 in NF, CF100, BS100 and BS300, respectively). Methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB) showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher populations in Takanari than in TULT at harvest, which might be due to the higher root biomass (10.3 ± 2.2 g hill^?1) in Takanari than in TULT (8.9 ± 1.8 g hill^?1). MOB was significantly correlated with tiller number (R² = 0.176*) and plant biomass (R² = 0.242*). BS application showed higher copper (Cu) uptake in Takanari while it was not high in TULT. In contrast, it showed no difference in zinc (Zn) uptake in both varieties. Uptake of Cu was not different between the two varieties, while uptake of Zn in the grain was higher in TULT than in Takanari. The present study suggests that CH₄ emission deriving from BS application in paddy field can be mitigated by selecting an appropriate cultivar, like Takanari. However, care should be taken for heavy metal uptake in selecting cultivars.  相似文献   

薏苡种质资源成株期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

汪灿  周棱波  张国兵  张立异  徐燕  高旭  姜讷  邵明波 《作物学报》2017,43(9):1381-1394

以50份薏苡种质为材料,设置正常灌水和干旱胁迫2个处理,测定株高、茎粗、分枝数、主茎节数、分蘖数、单株粒数、单株粒重、千粒重和产量,采用抗旱性度量值(D值)、综合抗旱系数(CDC值)、加权抗旱系数(WDC)、相关分析、频次分析、主成分分析、灰色关联度分析、隶属函数分析、聚类分析和逐步回归分析相结合的方法,对其进行成株期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选。结果表明,各指标对干旱胁迫的反应及关联程度各异。6个公因子可代表薏苡抗旱性90.80%的原始数据信息量。基于D值、CDC值和WDC值的供试薏苡种质抗旱性排序相近。供试薏苡种质产量抗旱系数(Y值)与D值、CDC值和WDC值均呈极显著正相关。筛选出成株期抗旱性强的薏苡种质有yy18-1、yy03-8和粱丰薏14-2。分蘖数、单株粒重和千粒重可作为薏苡种质资源成株期抗旱性评价的直观指标。  相似文献   

Interaction of Marek's disease and Rous sarcoma viruses in a mixed infection in chicks]     

E A Sedunov  R N Korovin  I E Ne?dba?lik 《Veterinariia》1978,(7):43-46

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Dynamics of the virus and antibody carrier state in chicks infected with the Rous sarcoma virus]     

I N Ne?dba?lik  V P Zelenski?  B P Vdovin  K Sh Frangulian  L S Popova 《Veterinariia》1979,(1):38-39

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Characteristics of Livestock Husbandry and Management Practice in the Central Dry Zone of Myanmar     

Zaw Win  Tu Tu  Campbell  Angus  Soares Magalhães  Ricardo J.  Oo  Kyaw Naing  Henning  Joerg 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(3):643-654

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The central dry zone of Myanmar is the area with the highest density of small-scale livestock farmers under harsh environmental condition. In this study, we...  相似文献   

The effect of infrared stabilized rice bran substitution on B vitamins,minerals and phytic acid content of pan breads: Part II     

N. Barış Tuncel  Neşe Yılmaz  Habib Kocabıyık  Ayşen Uygur 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014

The effect of replacing wheat flour by infrared stabilized rice bran (SRB) at the levels of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0% on the content of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxamine, pyridoxine, minerals and phytic acid in white wheat, wheat bran, and whole grain wheat breads was investigated. The incorporation of SRB significantly increased the amount of the noted B vitamins, especially niacin, in all bread types (p < 0.05). Zinc, iron, potassium and phosphorus levels of the breads increased gradually and significantly with the inclusion of SRB (p < 0.05). Moreover, phytic acid content of the breads increased proportional to the SRB substitution dose (p < 0.05).  相似文献   

Establishment of an Invasive Prostate Cancer Model in Transgenic Rats by Intermittent Testosterone Administration     

Shinya Sato  Shugo Suzuki  Aya Naiki-Ito  Masami Komiya  Long Ne  Hiroyuki Kato  Hiroyuki Sagawa  Yoriko Yamashita  Tomoyuki Shirai  Satoru Takahashi 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2014,27(1):43-49

We have established a transgenic rat for adenocarcinoma of the prostate (TRAP) model that features uniform adenocarcinoma development in prostatic lobes at high incidence within a short experimental period. However, no invasive carcinomas with reactive stroma characteristics similar to those in man were observed. We therefore have focused on a new model for invasive carcinoma of the prostate using TRAP rats. In experiment 1, male TRAP rats in groups 1 and 2 were treated with orchiectomy at day 0 of the experiment. Rats in groups 1–3 underwent testosterone propionate (TP) implantation from weeks 1 to 4 and from weeks 6 to 16. Rats in groups 1 and 3 were given 3,2’-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) after TP implantation. The rats of group 4 served as controls. In experiment 2, the rats were divided into three groups, none of which received DMAB or orchiectomy, treated with TP continuously or with the treatment withdrawn once or twice. In experiment 1, invasive adenocarcinomas with abundant collagenous stroma were found in the dorsolateral and anterior prostate, some of which showed perineural space invasion at week 16. The number of invasive carcinoma foci was most frequent in group 3. In experiment 2, invasive adenocarcinoma development in the lateral prostates was correlated with the number of TP administration/withdrawal cycles. In conclusion, our newly established rat model for invasive adenocarcinoma of the prostate could serve as a useful preclinical model for evaluating the in vivo efficacy of preventive and therapeutic agents targeting of the tumor microenvironment.  相似文献   

Methane and N2O emissions, nitrate concentrations of drainage water, and zinc and copper uptake by rice fertilized with anaerobically digested cattle or pig slurry     

Yu Sasada  Khin Thawda Win  Ryoko Nonaka  Aye Thida Win  Koki Toyota  Takashi Motobayashi  Masaaki Hosomi  Chen Dingjiang  Jun Lu 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2011,47(8):949-956

We have examined the effects of different types of slurry on CH₄ and N₂O emissions, Zn and Cu contents of rice, and nitrate content of the drainage water. The experiment included four treatments: (1) anaerobically digested cattle slurry (ADCS), (2) ADCS filtered to remove the coarse organic matter fraction, (3) anaerobically digested pig slurry (ADPS), and (4) chemical fertilizer (CF). The application rate was 30?g?NH₄?CN?m^?2. Different amounts of C were incorporated with fertilization: 725?g?C?m^?2 in ADCS, 352?g?m^?2 in filtered ADCS, and 75?g?m^?2 in ADPS. The average CH₄ emissions during a growing period were 304, 359, 452, and 579?mg?m^?2?day^?1 in the CF, ADPS, filtered ADCS, and ADCS treatments, respectively. The CH₄ emission was significantly higher in ADCS than in CF and ADPS. Negligible N₂O emissions were observed during the growing period. Comparable concentrations of Zn and Cu were observed in the rice grain among the treatments. In contrast, their concentrations in the stems and leaves were significantly higher in ADPS than in CF treated rice, although the values were lower than the upper limit of feed additives. Nitrate concentrations in the drainage water were consistently low (0.5?mg?N?L^?1). The present study suggested that ADPS, containing a lower amount of C than ADCS, might be an organic fertilizer in paddy field with comparable environmental impacts to chemical fertilizers (CF), but long-term field studies are needed to better understand the effects of these organic fertilizers.  相似文献   

Conversion of abandoned paddy fields to productive land through mangrove restoration in Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady Delta     

Aye  Win Maung  Takeda  Shinya 《Paddy and Water Environment》2020,18(2):417-429

Paddy and Water Environment - In Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady Delta, mangrove forests were widely converted to paddy fields, then abandoned. However, the mangrove ecosystems often fail to recover. To...  相似文献   

Examining the impact of CITES listing of sharks and rays in Southeast Asian fisheries          下载免费PDF全文

K Friedman  S Gabriel  O Abe  A Adnan Nuruddin  A Ali  R Bidin Raja Hassan  S X Cadrin  A Cornish  T De Meulenaer  Dharmadi  Fahmi  L Huu Tuan Anh  D Kachelriess  L Kissol Jr.  T Krajangdara  A Rahman Wahab  W Tanoue  C Tharith  F Torres Jr.  W Wanchana  S Win  K Yokawa  Y Ye 《Fish and Fisheries》2018,19(4):662-676

CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) aims to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. However, measuring the effectiveness and impacts of these trade regulations for commercially exploited aquatic species remains challenging. This study highlights observed or documented changes in elasmobranch fisheries in eight Southeast Asian countries before and after the listing of sharks and rays in CITES’ Appendix II, and the influence of CITES across five pillars or sectors of a “fishery assessment framework” developed especially for this purpose. Fisheries experts reported change was most common in the “governance” (e.g., policy, regulation and compliance) and “fisher(y)” sectors (e.g., structure and effort) of the assessment framework. The smallest change was recorded in “markets” (e.g., structures and prices) and “sociocultural” sectors (e.g., consumption, livelihoods and community awareness). Overall, the study demonstrates a measurable, albeit small, mostly positive influence of CITES in five of eight countries, while noting predominantly negative influences across two, and ongoing challenges for all in maintaining legal trade of these CITES‐listed species. The study concludes by offering guidance on future needs: most notably, more effort for long‐term collection of fundamental fisher‐, stock‐ and market‐related data to inform adaptive management and facilitation of legal trade where it is shown to be sustainable. Furthermore, as many of the shark and ray species under CITES provisions are transboundary stocks, increased support for communication and cooperation among regional fishery stakeholders is an ongoing need.  相似文献