Isolation of Mare's Milk Oligosaccharide Fraction of Colostrum,Transitional, and Mature Phases Promotes In Vitro Oxidative Burst in Murine Macrophages     

Amit Srivastava  Rama Tripathi  Vishal Kumar Soni  Shailja Misra-Bhattacharya  Desh Deepak 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

Present preliminary findings demonstrate in vitro stimulation of splenic lymphocytes of BALB/c mice after exposure to oligosaccharide fractions isolated from mare's milk during colostrum, transitional, and mature lactation periods, which shows immunostimulatory action of oligosaccharide content present in mares' milk. Oligosaccharide fractions caused more pronounced oxidative burst at a much lower concentration (0.1 μg/mL) compared with that shown by levamisole (standard immunostimulant) at a much higher concentration of 10 μg/mL. In this study, it was observed that oligosaccharides fraction of colostrum phase attaining high potency of immunostimulatory property.  相似文献   

Identification of sources of resistance in Lycopersicon species to Tomato leaf curl geminivirus (ToLCV) by agroinoculation     

Savarni Tripathi  Anupam Varma 《Euphytica》2003,129(1):43-52

A total of 90 genotypes of Lycopersicon species were tested forresistance to the Tomato leaf curlgeminivirus (ToLCV) by agroinoculation andthe vector whitefly (Bemisia tabaciGenn.) inoculation techniques underinsect-proof glasshouse conditions. Therate of infection in the inoculated plantswas determined by detection of the viralDNA in individual plants by the nucleicacid spot hybridization (NASH). Of the 38cultivars and 11 breeding lines of L.esculentum Mill. tested, none was highlyresistant or resistant while three andseven were moderately resistant whenexposed to the cloned virus DNAs byagroinoculation and whitefly inoculationrespectively. On the other hand, among the38 commercial cultivars screened, 16(42.1%) were highly susceptible in vectorinoculations and 31 (81.6%) inagroinoculation. Among the exoticcollection (EC) accessions six were highlyresistant, eleven resistant to whiteflyinoculation and none was highly susceptiblein either of the two tests, indicating thepresence of resistance among the ECaccessions. A higher degree of resistancewas observed in other species of Lycopersicon. While only one accession ofL. cheesmanii Riley was tested, itcould not be infected by either of the twomethods. L. pimpinellifolium (Jusl.)Mill. genotype EC 251580 was similarlyresistant. In L. peruvianum (L.)Mill., five EC accessions could not beinfected by whitefly inoculation, withthree of these being resistant and twomoderately resistant in agroinoculation.This study demonstrates the importance ofthe agroinoculation technique in the virusresistance screening programs andidentifies several good sources ofresistance to the Tomato leaf curlvirus in Lycopersicon species.  相似文献   

Tillage effects on soil physical properties and performance of rice–wheat-cropping system under shallow water table conditions of Tarai, Northern India     

Peeyush Sharma  R.P. Tripathi  Surendra Singh 《European Journal of Agronomy》2005,23(4):327-335

This study was conducted for 3 years in silty clay loam (Aquic hapludoll) associated with water tables fluctuating between 0.05 and 0.96 m depths from the surface. Tillage treatments for rice (Oryza sativa L.) were puddling by four passes of rotary puddler (PR), reduced puddling (ReP) for two passes of rotary puddler, conventional puddling (CP) and direct seeding without puddling (DSWP) in four replications. Tillage treatments for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT) superimposed over the plots of rice tillage treatments. Puddling caused a significant reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), infiltration rate (IR), and specific volume (Rv). The reduction in Ks in the PR plot at 30 days after transplanting was 27 and 46% (3-year average) higher than in the ReP and DSWP plots, respectively, but was statistically at par with that in the CP plot in the surface tilled layer. This indicates that puddling by four passes of rotary puddler and that by conventional method adopted by farmers in those conditions gives the same level of control on percolation rate. Highest rice yield (5607 kg ha⁻¹) was obtained in the PR plot, which was statistically equal to that in the ReP plot. Wheat yield was highest (4020 kg ha⁻¹) in the DSWP plot of rice under CT condition. Total average grain production (rice + wheat) was highest under ReP–CT treatment combination. Results thus show that quality of soil puddle obtained by half the efforts in conventional puddling was sufficient for a significantly high yield of rice with minimum deterioration of soil properties. Similarly, wheat sowing by conventional tillage in such a reduced puddling plots of rice was sufficient for a significantly high yield of wheat.  相似文献   

Expression Profile of Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Gene in Hierarchal Follicles and Regressing Oviduct Tissues of White Leghorn Hens During Moulting     

R Agarwal  KVH Sastry  V Tripathi  R Singh  R Saxena  J Mohan  RP Singh 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(2):278-283

In the present study, the expression profile of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) was investigated in the ovary, magnum and uterus and in hierarchcal follicles (F‐1, F‐2, F‐3 and F‐4) of hens subjected to moulting to establish their involvement in moulting and presence in non‐gonadal tissues. Fifty‐two layers (72 weeks) were subjected to moult for a period of 14 days. Four birds were sacrificed each time on 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 and 14 days of moulting, and samples (ovary, magnum, uterus and hierarchal follicles) were collected aseptically for the quantitative study by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The ovary, isthmus, uterus and magnum weight reduced significantly during induced moulting. From the 4 DOM, this reduction was drastic and reached approximately 80% of original weight in the case of ovary, isthmus and magnum and approximately 65% of original weight in the case of uterus on 14 DOM. Ovarian yellow follicles decreased gradually from 1 DOM to 4 DOM, after that no normal yellow follicle was observed in moulted bird. The number of atretic follicles increased gradually during the course of induced moulting, reaching the peak at 5 DOM. The LHR mRNA was detected in non‐gonadal tissues like magnum and uterus. The LHR expression was significantly (p < 0.05) down regulated in ovary, magnum and uterus throughout the treatment. These results indicated that LHR may have a role in reproductive tissue regression during moulting.  相似文献   

Effect of different feeding regimes on pre‐weaning growth rumen fermentation and its influence on post‐weaning performance of lambs     

R. S. Bhatt  M. K. Tripathi  D. L. Verma  S. A. Karim 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(5):568-576

Influence of pre‐weaning live weight on post‐weaning growth performance was assessed on thirty‐nine 15‐day‐old Indian native lambs, randomly fed in three equal groups until 180 days of age. During pre‐weaning phase lambs were maintained under feeding regimen of grazing (C‐0; Control), grazing and ad lib creep mixture supplementation (C‐AL) or grazing, with ad lib creep mixture and milk replacer supplementation (C‐ALMR). Lambs were allowed to suckle respective dam in morning and evening till 90 days of age, and fed ad lib green leaves of Ailanthus excelsa after grazing. After weaning all lambs were maintained on grazing and ad lib finisher concentrates supplementation. Pre‐weaning performance of lambs in terms of weaning weight (17.2 kg), average daily gain (ADG; 154 g) and feed conversion ratio 3.73 was higher (p < 0.01) in C‐ALMR lambs but total gain and ADG were similar among three groups during post‐weaning phase. However, improved pre‐weaning plane of nutrition and growth rate increased (p < 0.01) finishing weight (FW) of lambs in C‐AL, 33 kg and C‐ALMR, 32 kg. Dry matter intake was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in C‐AL and C‐ALMR lambs due to combined effect of feeding. Rumen pH was lowest (p = 0.049) in C‐AL lambs. Rumen ciliate protozoa population (10⁴/ml) decreased in C‐ALMR lambs (4.3) but increased in C‐AL lambs (50.0) more so in C‐0 Lambs (19.8). Concentrate feeding of C‐AL lamb improved nutrient digestibility. Lambs of C‐0 group consumed more DM during post‐weaning phase that improved growth performance, while nutrient digestibility was not affected by pre‐weaning nutrition. Thus, pre‐weaning nutrition has significant influence on FW, however influence of milk replacer feeding on lamb growth need further studies.  相似文献   

Assessing the utility of stakeholder analysis to Protected Areas management: The case of Corbett National Park, India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Archi Rastogi  Ruchi Badola  Syed Ainul Hussain  Gordon M. Hickey 《Biological conservation》2010,143(12):2956-2964

This study tests the potential utility of Stakeholder Analysis to Protected Area management. Using Corbett National Park (CNP), India, as a case study, Stakeholder Analysis (SA) was used to identify important stakeholder groups and assess their relationships, relative power and importance. This exercise was undertaken to assist the managers of CNP with future strategy formulation and implementation. The results demonstrate SA to be a simple, yet effective, method that can help PA managers understand the social dimensions of their undertaking, without waiting for long-term policy changes. The results reveal possible stakeholder alliances, and those that may need strengthening to guarantee the welfare of CNP. Divergent opinions on the same issue were also discovered. This underlines that addressing low levels of knowledge and misplaced information may be of strategic importance in reducing conflict against a PA. This research also helps theorize previously unexplored relationships among stakeholders in India, using the framework of Stakeholder Theory. Repeating the exercise on a regular basis could help PA managers monitor stakeholder interactions and political positions over time.  相似文献   

Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population,inter-species transmission,exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns     

Jigarji C. Thakor  Murali Dinesh  Rajendran Manikandan  Suresh Bindu  Monalisa Sahoo  Diptimayee Sahoo  Manish Dhawan  Megha Katare Pandey  Ruchi Tiwari  Talha Bin Emran  Kuldeep Dhama  Wanpen Chaicumpa 《The Veterinary quarterly》2022,42(1):125

Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) are one of the most devastating pathogens affecting the livelihoods of farmers and swine industry across the world. These include transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV). Coronaviruses infect a wide variety of animal species and humans because these are having single stranded-RNA that accounts for high mutation rates and thus could break the species barrier. The gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems are the primary organ systems affected by SCoVs. Infection is very common in piglets compared to adult swine causing high mortality in the former. Bat is implicated to be the origin of all CoVs affecting animals and humans. Since pig is the only domestic animal in which CoVs cause a wide range of diseases; new coronaviruses with high zoonotic potential could likely emerge in the future as observed in the past. The recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing COVID-19 pandemic in humans, has been implicated to have animal origin, also reported from few animal species, though its zoonotic concerns are still under investigation. This review discusses SCoVs and their epidemiology, virology, evolution, pathology, wildlife reservoirs, interspecies transmission, spill-over events and highlighting their emerging threats to swine population. The role of pigs amid ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will also be discussed. A thorough investigation should be conducted to rule out zoonotic potential of SCoVs and to design appropriate strategies for their prevention and control.  相似文献