Production of high yield short duration Brassica napus by interspecific hybridization between B. oleracea and B. rapa     

Md. Masud Karim  Asfakun Siddika  Nazmoon Naher Tonu  Delwar M. Hossain  Md. Bahadur Meah  Takahiro Kawanabe  Ryo Fujimoto  Keiichi Okazaki 《Breeding Science》2014,63(5):495-502

Brassica napus is a leading oilseed crop throughout many parts of the world. It is well adapted to long day photoperiods, however, it does not adapt well to short day subtropical regions. Short duration B. napus plants were resynthesized through ovary culture from interspecific crosses in which B. rapa cultivars were reciprocally crossed with B. oleracea. From five different combinations, 17 hybrid plants were obtained in both directions. By self-pollinating the F₁ hybrids or introgressing them with cultivated B. napus, resynthesized (RS) F₃ and semi-resynthesized (SRS) F₂ generations were produced, respectively. In field trial in Bangladesh, the RS B. napus plants demonstrated variation in days to first flowering ranging from 29 to 73 days; some of which were similar to cultivated short duration B. napus, but not cultivated short duration B. rapa. The RS and SRS B. napus lines produced 2–4.6 and 1.6–3.7 times higher yields, respectively, as compared to cultivated short duration B. napus. Our developed RS lines may be useful for rapeseed breeding not only for subtropical regions, but also for areas such as Canada and Europe where spring rapeseed production can suffer from late spring frosts. Yield and earliness in RS lines are discussed.  相似文献   

Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication and viral helicase by ethyl acetate extract of the marine feather star Alloeocomatella polycladia     

Yamashita A  Salam KA  Furuta A  Matsuda Y  Fujita O  Tani H  Fujita Y  Fujimoto Y  Ikeda M  Kato N  Sakamoto N  Maekawa S  Enomoto N  Nakakoshi M  Tsubuki M  Sekiguchi Y  Tsuneda S  Akimitsu N  Noda N  Tanaka J  Moriishi K 《Marine drugs》2012,10(4):744-761

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a causative agent of acute and chronic hepatitis, leading to the development of hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We prepared extracts from 61 marine organisms and screened them by an in vitro fluorescence assay targeting the viral helicase (NS3), which plays an important role in HCV replication, to identify effective candidates for anti-HCV agents. An ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the feather star Alloeocomatella polycladia exhibited the strongest inhibition of NS3 helicase activity, with an IC(50) of 11.7 μg/mL. The extract of A. polycladia inhibited interaction between NS3 and RNA but not ATPase of NS3. Furthermore, the replication of the replicons derived from three HCV strains of genotype 1b in cultured cells was suppressed by the extract with an EC(50) value of 23 to 44 μg/mL, which is similar to the IC(50) value of the NS3 helicase assay. The extract did not induce interferon or inhibit cell growth. These results suggest that the unknown compound(s) included in A. polycladia can inhibit HCV replication by suppressing the helicase activity of HCV NS3. This study may present a new approach toward the development of a novel therapy for chronic hepatitis C.  相似文献   

A simple and rapid method to purify viral dsRNA from plant and fungal tissue     

Ryo Okada  Eri Kiyota  Hiromitsu Moriyama  Toshiyuki Fukuhara  Tomohide Natsuaki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2015,81(2):103-107

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Field method to monitor the mycoparasitic fungus Coniothyrium minitans     

Ryo Shukunami  Yutaka Iwamoto  Shinji Sugiura  Kentaro Ikeda  Hitohsi Nakayashiki  Kenichi Ikeda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2016,82(1):51-56

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Overexpression of a fungal laccase gene induces nondehiscent anthers and morphological changes in flowers of transgenic tobacco     

Zannatul Nasrin  Misato Yoshikawa  Yuki Nakamura  Shahanara Begum  Satoshi Nakaba  Mikiko Uesugi  Yuriko Osakabe  Tomonori Sonoki  Kanna Sato  Ryo Funada  Yosuke Iimura  Yoshihiro Katayama  Shinya Kajita 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(6):460-469

Laccases play important roles in the development of fruiting bodies and in lignin degradation by basidiomycetes. In this study, we present novel phenotypes of transgenic tobacco plants with a chimeric gene for fungal laccase under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. At the flowering stage, the transgenic plants that produced recombinant laccase had brownish anthers instead of the greenish anthers of wild-type plants. The brownish anthers exhibited male sterility with a nondehiscent phenotype at varying frequencies. The frequency of nondehiscence depended on the temperature at which plants were cultivated and it was higher at 24°C than at 29°C. The cell wall structures of transgenic anther tissues were almost the same as in the wild type, but the stomium was severely deformed, and abnormal components were apparent in cells of the endothecium and epidermis. Furthermore, the pattern of deposition of flavonoids in the transgenic anther epidermis differed from the wild-type pattern. The expression of laccase also induced other phenotypic changes in the flowers of transgenic plants, namely, increased petal number, fused and petaloid stamens, and doubling of floral organs. These results indicate that the ectopic expression of laccase influences various aspects of flower development.  相似文献   

Antioxidation mechanism studies of caffeic acid: identification of antioxidation products of methyl caffeate from lipid oxidation     

Masuda T  Yamada K  Akiyama J  Someya T  Odaka Y  Takeda Y  Tori M  Nakashima K  Maekawa T  Sone Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(14):5947-5952

As a part of a research project on the elucidation of the chain-breaking antioxidation mechanism of natural phenols in food components, caffeic acid, a polyphenolic acid widely distributed in edible plants, was investigated. The identification and time course analysis of the antioxidation reaction products from methyl caffeate were carried out in the ethyl linoleate oxidation system. The antioxidation reaction produced a quinone derivative of methyl caffeate as an antioxidation product during the initial stage, which was identified by (13)C NMR. The quinone, however, was not the final product, and a further reaction occurred to produce several new peroxides. The isolation and structure determination of the peroxides revealed that they had tricyclic structures, which consisted of ethyl linoleate, methyl caffeate, and molecular oxygen. On the basis of the formation pathway of these products, an antioxidation reaction mechanism of methyl caffeate, including the redox reaction of the caffeate and Diels-Alder reaction of the produced peroxides, was proposed.  相似文献   

Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae infection in fish     

Shun Maekawa  Yi-Ting Wang  Terutoyo Yoshida  Pei-Chi Wang  Shih-Chu Chen 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(9):963-970

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (GCSD) is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium and mostly non-β-haemolytic with Lancefield group C antigen. GCSD infection has been identified in various vertebrates. From 2002 to the present, GCSD infection of fish has been reported to cause severe economic losses in aquaculture farms around the world. Moreover, GCSD isolates from teleosts have been identified in patients with ascending upper limb cellulitis. Therefore, the economic and clinical significance of GCSD has increased in aquaculture, livestock and human health. Many studies have been presented, from the first report of isolated GCSD in fish, to the pathogenesis, characterization, immune responses and vaccine development. In this review, we present the current knowledge of GCSD in teleosts.  相似文献   

MiFish metabarcoding: a high-throughput approach for simultaneous detection of multiple fish species from environmental DNA and other samples     

Miya  Masaki  Gotoh  Ryo O.  Sado  Tetsuya 《Fisheries Science》2020,86(6):939-970

Fisheries Science - We reviewed the current methodology and practices of the DNA metabarcoding approach using a universal PCR primer pair MiFish, which co-amplifies a short fragment of fish DNA...  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of kisspeptin 2 dodecapeptide in sixteen species of Scombridae     

Ohga  Hirofumi  Sakanoue  Ryo  Ohta  Kohei  Matsuyama  Michiya 《Fisheries Science》2020,86(3):437-444

Fisheries Science - Kisspeptin is an endogenous ligand that modulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and plays an essential role in the reproduction of mammals. In fish, two...  相似文献   

Effect of taurine enrichment in rotifer (Brachionus sp.) on growth of larvae of Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel) and yellowfin tuna T. albacares (Temminck & Schlegel)          下载免费PDF全文

Ryo Katagiri  Tsukasa Sasaki  Alvaro Diaz  Masashi Ando  Daniel Margulies  Vernon P Scholey  Yoshifumi Sawada 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(6):3013-3031

To investigate the dietary effect of taurine on the larval stage of tuna species, Pacific bluefin tuna (PBF) and yellowfin tuna (YFT), larvae were reared until 16 days after hatching (dAH) and 14 dAH, respectively, and replicate samples were fed either non‐taurine‐enriched rotifers (T‐0) or rotifers enriched with 800 mg taurine L^?1 (T‐800). Most PBF and YFT larvae were at the preflexion stage until 7 and 8 dAH, and there were no differences in the growth performance and total protein content of larvae between the T‐0 and T‐800 groups (t‐test; P > 0.05). Thereafter, however, for larvae of both species, these parameters in the T‐800 group significantly increased with enhanced notochord development compared to those in T‐0 group (t‐test; P < 0.05). Except for the RNA content in PBF larvae, there were no significant differences in changes of DNA and RNA content with larval growth between the T‐0 and T‐800 groups, but both PBF and YFT larvae showed increased protein DNA^?1 and protein RNA^?1 ratios in the T‐800 group compared to the T‐0 group after notochord flexion. This indicates that taurine is an important nutrient for the rapid growth of early stage PBF and YFT larvae, and we conclude that the growth improvement of PBF and YFT larvae by dietary taurine supplementation is due to the increase in protein synthesis efficiency after notochord flexion.  相似文献