64‐MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY OF THE CANINE CORONARY ARTERIES     

RANDI DREES  ALEX FRYDRYCHOWICZ  SCOTT B. REEDER  MARIE E. PINKERTON  REBECCA JOHNSON 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(5):507-515

Canine coronary artery angiography (CTA) was performed in four anesthetized healthy dogs using 64‐multidetector computed tomography. Esmolol, a β‐1 adrenergic receptor antagonist, and sodium nitroprusside, an arteriolar and venous dilator, were administered to enhance visualization of the coronary arteries by reducing heart rate and creating vasodilation. The left main coronary artery with its three main branches and the right coronary artery were visualized and subdivided in 13 segments for evaluation. Optimal reconstruction interval, expressed as percentage of the R‐to‐R interval, was determined at 5% in 2.9%, 35% in 1%, 75% in 21.2%, 85% in 43.3%, and 95% in 31.7% of the segments. Overall image quality was good in 41.3% of the segments and excellent in 14.4%. There was blur in 98.1%, motion in 17.3%, and stair step in 6.7% of the evaluated segments, but these artifacts did not interfere with anatomic depiction of the arteries. Cross‐sectional anatomy of the coronary arteries as evaluated from the coronary CTA agreed well with gross anatomic evaluation and published information. The use of esmolol did not lead to the target heart rate of 60–65 beats/min. Nitroprusside had no significant effect on visualized length or diameter of the coronary artery branches. Coronary CTA is useful for the anatomic depiction of coronary artery branches in the dog.  相似文献   

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—CT MYELOGRAPHY IN A DOG WITH INTRAMEDULLARY INTERVERTEBRAL DISC HERNIATION     

MARC KENT  SHANNON HOLMES  ELI COHEN  SHARISE SAKALS  WESLEY ROACH  SIMON PLATT  SCOTT SCHATZBERG  ELIZABETH HOWERTH 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(2):185-187

A 5‐year‐old Chihuahua was examined for peracute pain and paraparesis. Neuroanatomic localization was consistent with a symmetric T3‐L3 myelopathy. Computed tomography (CT) of the T9‐L5 vertebrae was normal. Myelography disclosed attenuation of the subarachnoid space from T11 to L1, consistent with spinal cord swelling. CT following the myelogram disclosed a focal area of intramedullary iodinated contrast medium at T13‐L1. At surgery, intervertebral disc material was removed from the spinal cord. Based on the findings in this patient, intramedullary disc herniation should be considered a cause for focal intramedullary contrast medium accumulation.  相似文献   

Figurate Erythema Resembling Erythema Annulare Centrifugum in a Ferret with Adrenocortical Adenocarcinoma-associated Alopecia     

DANNY W. SCOTT  WILLARD J. GOULD  SUZANNE M. CAYATTE  HOWARD J. LAWRENCE  WILLIAM H. MILLER JR. 《Veterinary dermatology》1994,5(3):111-115

Resumen— Describimos un caso de alopecia simétrica bilateral en un hurón hembra esterilizada de 3 años. El cuadro resultó estar asociado con un adenocarcinoma adrenocortical y con concentraciones séricas elevadas de estradiol. Además el animal presentaba eritema figurado en la zona dorsolateral, lumbosacra y en la cola con caracteristicas clinicas e histopatológicas parecidas al eritema annulare centrifugum de la especie humana. El eritema figurado se trató con éxito con un producto comercial que contiene el ácido graso omega-3/omega-6. [Scott D. W., Gould, J. W., Cayatte, S. M., Lawrence, H. J., Miller, W. H., Jr. Figurate erythema resembling erythema annulare centrifugum in a ferret with adrenocortical adenocar-cinoma-associated alopecia (Eritema figurado parecido a eritema anulare centrifugum en un hurón con alopecia asociada a un adenocarcinoma adrenocortical).
Abstract— Bilaterally symmetric alopecia and vulvar enlargement is reported in a 3-year-old, spayed female ferret. The condition was ultimately shown to be associated with an adrenocortical adenocarcinoma and elevated serum estradiol concentrations. In addition, the ferret had a figurate erythema over the dorsolateral lumbosacral region and tail that was clinically and histopathologically similar to erythema annulare centrifugum in humans. The figurate erythema was successfully treated with a commercial omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid-containing product.  相似文献   

Systemic and Local Effects Associated With Long-Term Epidural Catheterization and Morphine-Detomidine Administration in Horses     

ANNETTE M. SYSEL DVM  MS    R. SCOTT PLEASANT DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS    JOHN D. JACOBSON DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVA    H. DAVID MOLL DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS    LORIN D. WARNICK DVM  PhD    D. PHILLIP SPONENBERG DVM  PhD  PETER EYRE BVMS  PhD  MRCVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(2):141-149

Objective — The purpose of this study was to determine the systemic and local effects associated with long-term epidural catheterization and epidural morphine-detomidine administration in horses. Study Design — Development of systemic or local effects was assessed by placing caudal epidural catheters in study horses and administering injections through the catheters every 12 hours for 14 days. Animals — Ten horses with epidural catheters that received daily injections; six uncatheterized horses presented for euthanasia. Methods — Horses received either 0.2 mg/kg morphine sulfate and 30 μg/kg detomidine hydrochloride or an equivalent volume of physiologic saline solution through epidural catheters. Systemic effects were compared between control and treatment horses by measuring physical parameters and hay and water consumption, as well as by evaluating major organs after euthanasia. Local effects were studied by examining cerebrospinal fluid and by grading representative samples of the spinal cord and surrounding tissues histologically for inflammation and fibrosis. Local effects were compared between control and treatment horses, as well as between catheter-ized (control plus treatment) horses and uncatheterized horses. Results — No significant difference was identified in daily variables or hay and water consumption between control and treatment horses. No growth was obtained from cerebrospinal fluid cultures. No significant difference in cerebrospinal fluid values or spinal tissue inflammation or fibrosis grades was shown between control and treatment horses. However, when compared with uncatheterized horses, cerebrospinal fluid red blood cell values were marginally higher and protein concentrations were significantly higher in the catheterized group. Lumbosacral and sacral spinal tissue segment inflammation grades, and sacral segment fibrosis grades were significantly higher in catheterized horses. Conclusions — Long-term epidural administration of a morphine-detomidine combination is not associated with apparent adverse systemic effects in horses. Localized inflammation and fibrosis seem to be catheter-related. Clinical Relevance — Potential systemic and local effects are important considerations with long-term administration of a morphine-detomidine combination through indwelling epidural catheters for alleviation of chronic musculoskeletal pain in horses.  相似文献   

Results of Screw/Wire/Polymethylmethacrylate Composite Fixation for Acetabular Fracture Repair in 14 Dogs   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

DANIEL D. LEWIS DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    W. PRESTON STUBBS DVM    LISA NEUWIRTH DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVR    SCOTT G. BERTRAND DVM    ROBERT B. PARKER DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    JEFFREY T. STALLINGS DVM  SCOTT T. MURPHY DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(3):223-234

Objective- To assess the clinical results in dogs with acetabular fractures stabilized using a screw-wire-polymethylmethacrylate (SWP) composite fixation.
Study Design- A retrospective study of client-owned dogs with acetabular fractures.
Animals- Fourteen dogs ranging in age from 4 to 95 months (mean, 34 ±25 months; median, 25 months) and body weight from 8 to 39 kg (mean, 25 ±6 kg; median, 27 kg).
Methods- Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively evaluated to determine location of the fracture, presence of preexisting degenerative joint disease, accuracy of fracture reduction and complications associated with surgery. Long-term results were evaluated by subjective assessment of lameness, elicitation of pain and/or crepitus on manipulation of the coxofemoral joint, measurements of pelvic limb circumference, coxofemoral joint goniometric measurements, and radiographic evaluation.
Results- Fracture reduction was considered anatomic in 13 dogs. At the time of the last follow-up evaluation (mean, 347 ±261 days; median, 380 days) 10 dogs were sound on the affected limb, three dogs had a subtle weight-bearing lameness of the affected limb, and the remaining dog had a consistent non-weight-bearing lameness of the affected limb. Mild (n = 10) or moderate (n = 1) degenerative changes of the affected coxofemoral joint attributed to the acetabular fracture and its repair were noted on the follow-up radiographs in 11 dogs. Limb circumference of the affected limb ranged from -8.2% to +10.8% (mean, -0.8 ±4.2%; median, -0.7%) of the contralateral limb.
Conclusions- The SWP composite fixation consistently maintained anatomic reduction, was associated with few complications, and yielded satisfactory clinical results.
Clinical Relevance- The SWP composite fixation technique would seem to be an acceptable means of stabilizing acetabular fractures in dogs.  相似文献   

Idiopathic Sterile Granulomatous and Pyogranulomatous Dermatitis in Cats     

DANNY W. SCOTT  ROBERT G. BUERGER  WILLIAM H. MILLER Jr. 《Veterinary dermatology》1990,1(3):129-137

Abstract— Idiopathic sterile granulomatous or pyogranulomatous dermatitis was diagnosed in four cats. Two distinct clinicopathological syndromes were recognized. Two cats had a pruritic papulonodular dermatitis of the head and pinnae with skin histopathology characterised by perifollicular pyogranulomatous dermatitis. The other two cats had pruritic bilateral preauricular plaques characterised histopathologically by diffuse granulomatous dermatitis with numerous multinucleated histiocytic giant cells and purpura. Haematological, biochemical and urinary abnormalities were not detected and the cats were otherwise healthy. Lesions were not responsive to systemic antibiotics or systemic glucocorticoids at anti-inflammatory doses. Three cats underwent apparently spontaneous, sustained remission after a course of 3 to 9 months. Résumé— Une dermatite granulomateuse idiopathique stérile, ou pyogranulomateuse fut diagnostiquée chez 4 chats. Deux syndromes distincts ont été identifiés. Deux chats avaient une dermatite papulonodulaire prurigineuse de la tête et des oreilles, avec des biopsies cutanées caractérisées par une dermatite pyogranulomateuse périfolliculaire. Les 2 autres chats avaient des plaques prurigineuses préauriculaires bilatérales, caractérisées histologiquement par une dermatite granulomateuse diffuse avec de nombreuses cellules géantes multinucléées et du purpura. Les examens hématologique, biochimique et urinaire étaient par ailleurs normaux et les chats en bon état général. Les antibiotiques et les corticoides à dose antiinflammatoire, tous deux par voie générale, sont restés sans effet. Trois chats ont présenté une rémission spontanée après une évolution de 3 à 9 mois. Zausammenfassung— Bei vier Katzan wurde eine idiopathische sterile granulomatöse oder pyogranulomatöse Dermatitis diagnostiziert. Dabei konnten zwei klinisch-pathologisch abgrenzbare Syndrome erkannt werden. Zwei Katzen wiesen eine pruriginöse, papulo-noduläre Dermatitis am Kopf und an den Ohren auf, wobei histologisch eine perifollikuläre pyogranulomatöse Dermatitis festgestellt wurde. Die beiden anderen Katzen zeigten pruriginöse, bilaterale präaurikuläre Plaques, deron histologisches Bild durch eine diffuse granulomatöse Dermatitis mit zahlreichen vielkernigen histiozytären Riesenzellen und Purpure gekennzeichnet war. Abnormalitäten bezüglich hämatologischer, biochemischer und harnspezifischer Parameter wurden nicht festgestellt, auch waren die Katzen sonst gesund. Die Veränderungen sprachen nicht auf die systemische Behandlung mit Antibiotika oder Glukokortikoiden in einer antiinflammatorischen Dosis an. Bei drei Katzen kam es zu einer spontanen, dauerhaften Remission der Befunde nach einem Krankheitsverlauf von 3 bis 9 Monaten. Resumen En cuatro gatos se diagnosticó una dermatitis piogranulomatosa o granulomatosa esteril idiopática. Se distinguieron dos síndromes clínicopatológicos. Dos gatos presentaban una dermatitis papulonodular prurítica situada en la cabeza y en los pabellones auriculares, con unas biopsias cutáneas caracterizadas por una dermatitis piogranulomatosa perifolicular. Los otros dos animales presentaban placas preauriculares y laterales pruríticas con un cuadro histopatológico caracterizado por una dermatitis granulomatosa difusa con numerosas células gigantes istiocíticas multinucleadas y hemorragias. No se detectaron alteraciones hematológicas, bioquímicas ni en la orina, y los animales se encontraban en buen estado de salud. Las lesiones no respondieron ni al tratamiento con antibióticos sistémicos ni al tratamiento con glucocorticoides a dosis antiinflamatorias. Tres de los animales sufrieron una remisión espontánea después de 3 a 9 meses.  相似文献   

Suppurative peritonitis in cats associated with anaerobic bacteria     

P. C. SCOTT  T. K. TAYLOR  J. F. GILMORE  A. T. HART 《Australian veterinary journal》1984,61(11):367-368

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ISOTOPIC EQUILIBRIA BETWEEN PHOSPHATES IN SOIL AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN THE ASSESSMENT OF FERTILITY BY TRACER METHODS   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

R. SCOTT RUSSELL  J. B. RICKSON  S. N. ADAMS 《European Journal of Soil Science》1954,5(1):85-105

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Large intestinal mast cell count and proteinase expression is associated with larval burden in cyathostomin‐infected horses     

K. J. PICKLES  J. A. MAIR  N. LOPEZ‐VILLALOBOS  D. J. SHAW  I. SCOTT  W. POMROY 《Equine veterinary journal》2010,42(7):652-657

Reasons for performing study: Cyathostomins are the principal pathogenic nematode of equidae worldwide. In other species mast cell (MC) proteinases, in particular chymases, appear to have protective roles. Knowledge of the equine intestinal immune response to cyathostomins is limited. Objective: To investigate MC numbers and proteinase expression in equine cyathostomin‐infected large intestine. Hypothesis: MC populations in the large intestine are positively associated with cyathostomin burden and predominantly express chymase. Methods: The caecal cyathostomin burden of naturally infected horses (n = 25) was determined by luminal counts and pepsin digest (mural count). MC were identified and enumerated in caecal tissue using toluidine blue (TB). Immunofluorescent labelling with polyclonal rabbit antibodies was used to demonstrate expression of equine tryptase and the chymase equine mast cell proteinase‐1 (eqMCP‐1) in Carnoy's fixed caecal sections. Results: Significant positive linear relationships were found between TB‐stained mucosal and submucosal MC counts and total cyathostomin burden (P<0.001, r²>36%), and both luminal (P<0.010, r²>25%) and mural (P<0.001, r²>36%) larval counts. Similar relationships were found with mucosal and submucosal chymase and tryptase‐labelled MC counts (total: P<0.004, r²>29%; luminal: P<0.004, r²>30%; and mural: P<0.030, r²>19%). With all three MC labels, mean MC counts were higher in the submucosa compared to the mucosa (P<0.001). All caecal MC appeared to express chymase, with a small number of MC expressing both tryptase and chymase. Conclusions and potential relevance: Large intestinal MC counts are significantly associated with cyathostomin burden, with a predominance of chymase‐positive MC. The burden is significantly associated with expression of MC proteinases, supporting their likely involvement in the intestinal immune response to cyathostomin infection. Further work to investigate the kinetics of proteinase expression, the possibility of differential proteinase expression and the role of these MC proteinases is warranted.  相似文献   

中国农村公共投资的准商业供给模式评价——以电力电话投资为例     

续竞秦  罗仁福  张林秀  罗斯高 《中国农业科技导报》2010,12(6):130-141

利用来自全国6个省2 459个村的代表性的公共投资调查数据,对中国村级电力电话投资的准商业模式进行了评价研究。实证分析表明,作为利润最大化的单位,准商业企业对农村进行投资的策略,与政府实施农村公共投资(如道路等)的有所不同。如果没有政府管制,准商业化经营的电力电话公司在贫困的和地处山区的村庄的投资要少于在富裕的或平原地区的村庄。研究也发现,村庄拥有的关系网对村庄能获得的政府投资具有显著的正效应,但是对准商业模式供给的电力电话投资并不具有显著的效应。文章的结论主要是,在进行适当政府管制的前提下,准商业企业可以纠正自己的行为,从而在农村公共投资中采取更加减贫的策略。若此,准商业供给模式将可以在未来的中国农村公共投资中发挥更加重要的作用。  相似文献