Fractions of Manganese in Soil under Long-Term Experiment and Their Contribution to Manganese Availability and Uptake by Maize-Wheat Cropping Sequence     

Shweta Shambhavi  Rajeev Padbhushan  Kasturikasen Beura  S. P. Sharma  Sanjay K. Sharma 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(4):470-486

Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient needed for plant growth and development, but it can be toxic to plants in excess amounts. Long-term fertilizer experiment and intensive cropping alter the soil properties and also affect its plant-available Mn contents. To understand the dynamics of Mn under long-term fertilizer experiment the present study was initiated during 1972 at the experimental farm of College of Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur (32° 6′ N latitude and 76° 3′ E longitude) in a randomized block design with 11 treatments replicated three times with a maize-wheat cropping sequence. The soils of the experimental area in the beginning of the experiment were acidic in reaction and taxonomically classified as Typic Hapludalfs. Surface (0.0–20 cm) and subsurface (20–40 cm) soil samples taken after the harvest of maize (kharif, 2008) were analyzed for pools of Mn and chemical indices of soil quality using standard analytical methods. Besides, the pools of Mn were also determined in the composite soil samples drawn from adjacent fallow plots. Results showed that all the pools of Mn were noticeably greater in farmyard manure (FYM)–amended plots compared to zero-fertilized plots. Although the residual fraction was found to be the most dominant fraction, organically bound and exchangeable forms were found to play major roles in the nutrient supply, crop productivity, and nutrient uptake. The greatest productivity of maize (2008) and wheat (2008–09) was recorded under the 100% nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) + FYM treatment. FYM and lime treatments resulted in significantly greater uptake of all the nutrients by both the crops compared to other treatments. The organically bound fraction was found to have the greatest significant and positive correlation with yield and nutrient uptake of maize and wheat crops. Further regression analysis studies revealed that the organic form was the most important pool contributing towards the variation in the parameters. Exchangeable and organically bound forms contributed significantly towards diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)–extractable Mn.  相似文献   

Population genetic structure of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhizoctonia solani</Emphasis> AG1IA from rice field in North India     

Sanjay Kumar Goswami  Vineeta Singh  Prem Lal Kashyap 《Phytoparasitica》2017,45(3):299-316

Rhizoctonia solani AG1IA is an important fungal pathogen causing significant yield and quality losses in rice production. However, little is known about the levels of genetic diversity and structure of this pathogen in North India. Out of 240 samples collected from different rice-growing regions of North India, 112 isolates were identified as R. solani AG1IA subgroups using species-specific primers. All 112 isolates were organized into four groups on the basis of percent disease index (PDI). The majority of the isolates were weakly virulent. Population genetic analysis was performed within and between populations using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 8249 alleles were identified from the 112 isolates of R. solani AG1IA through analysis of the ten inter simple sequence repeat markers. All the ten ISSR markers were polymorphic. The average number of bands per primer was 7.3 which ranged in size from 250 to 1500 bp. Genetic structure of the isolates using inter simple sequence repeat primers showed high degree of polymorphism (PIC ≥0.81). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most of the genetic diversity occurred within populations (60%), while the variability among populations and among regions contributed 25 and 15%, respectively. Overall, the present study reveals that a large variation exists among rice-infecting isolates of R. solani AG1IA in North India. Fingerprinting of the isolates using ISSRs along with phenotypic characterization and virulence analysis will help epidemiological studies that can provide new insights into pathogen biology and disease spread.  相似文献   

Foliar spray of mineral nutrients enhanced the growth,seed yield,and quality in onion (Allium cepa L.) cv. Pusa Riddhi     

Sanjay Kumar  B. S. Tomar  Y. S. Saharawat  Ajay Arora 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(9):1155-1162

The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar spray of mineral nutrients on plant growth, seed yield, and quality attributes in onion cv. Pusa Riddhi at SPU, IARI, New Delhi during rabi 2013–14 and 2014–15. The experiment consisted of 16 treatments comprised of boron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium laid out in a completely randomized block design with two replications. The study revealed that the foliar zinc spray (625 g ha^?1) produced higher seed scape height (105.35 cm) along with lower disease incidence (8.50%) than the other treatments. Whereas, higher number of seed scapes plant^?1 (11.20) and productive seed scapes plant^?1 (8.58) were observed in T₁₀ (500 g ha^?1) and combined spray of B + Zn + Ca (T₁₄), respectively. The flowering traits, viz., umbellates umbel^?1 (642.45), productive umbellates umbel^?1 (579.35), and umbel diameter (7.38cm) were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in T₁₅ than other treatments. Similarly, higher seed yield and seed quality attributes were also observed in combined application of all minerals treatment (T₁₅).  相似文献   

In vitro comparison of the dermal penetration of three different topical formulations containing lasalocid          下载免费PDF全文

Evie C. Knight  Darren J. Trott  Stephen W. Page  Sanjay Garg  Qian Zhang  Yunmei Song  Esmaeil Ebrahimie  Paul C. Mills  Michael A. Shipstone 《Veterinary dermatology》2017,28(4):342-e74

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In-vivo therapeutic efficacy trial with artemisinin derivative, buparvaquone and imidocarb dipropionate against Babesia equi infection in donkeys   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kumar S  Gupta AK  Pal Y  Dwivedi SK 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(11):1171-1177

The therapeutic efficacy of imidocarb, artesunate, arteether, buparvaquone and arteether+buparvaquone combination was evaluated against Babesia equi of Indian origin in splenectomised donkeys with experimentally induced acute infection. Efficacies of these drugs were tested by administering each drug or drug combination to groups of donkeys (having three donkeys each group). One group of donkey was kept as untreated control for comparing the results. Parasitaemia, haematology (WBC, RBC, PCV, granulocytes and haemoglobin), biochemical parameters (SAST, SALT, alkaline phosphatase, albumin/globulin ratio) were monitored at regular intervals. Individually, arteether and buparvaquone were found to have no parasite clearing efficacy and the treated animals died within 5-6 days after showing high parasitaemia and clinical symptoms of the disease. However, artesunate treated animals were able to restrict the parasite multiplication but only during the treatment period. Animals treated with imidocarb and arteether+buparvaquone combination were able to clear the parasite from the blood circulation after 2-5 days post-treatment (PT). After 55-58 days PT, recrudescence of B. equi parasite was observed in both these groups and a mean survival period of 66 days and 69 days, respectively, was recorded in these groups. Results of haemato-biochemical parameters had shown that imidocarb had deleterious effect on the liver function while on the other hand arteether+buparvaquone combination was found to be safe. This limited study indicates that arteether+buparvaquone combination could be a better choice than imidocarb for treating B. equi infection, but further trials are required in detail.  相似文献   

Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in 2 dogs from Newfoundland          下载免费PDF全文

Bourque A  Conboy G  Miller L  Whitney H  Ralhan S 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2002,43(11):876-879

Described are the first antemortem diagnosis made via fecal examination using the Baermann technique and the first postmortem recovery of endemic Angiostrongylus vasorum in dogs from North America, specifically the Avalon peninsula of Newfoundland. In one dog, A. vasorum was recovered and identified at postmortem; gross and histologic lesions are described.  相似文献   

A simple method for large-scale propagation of Dendrocalamus asper     

Sanjay Singh  Pramod Kumar  S. A. Ansari   《Scientia Horticulturae》2004,100(1-4):251-255

The influence of position of cuttings, auxin treatments and seasonal variation on adventitious rooting of Dendrocalamus asper, a multipurpose edible bamboo of horticultural value, was examined. Single node proximal (culm) and distal (culm-branch) cuttings were collected during the months of April–June and treated for 24 h with water or 2 mM auxin (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)). The treated cuttings were planted horizontally in sand beds and maintained under misting conditions for 2 months. Culm cuttings exhibited better adventitious rooting than culm-branch cuttings and the month of May proved to be the best for rooting of both types of cuttings. Auxin treatments also influenced adventitious rooting and their effectiveness was in the order: NAA>IBA>IAA. The interaction among auxin, position of cuttings and month of collection was also found to be significant on root induction and differentiation. Single node culm cuttings, without auxin treatment, resulted in 98% plantlets in May and 67% plantlets in June, and emerged as a suitable material for large-scale vegetative propagation. Administration of IAA or NAA to abundant culm-branch cuttings of low commercial utility (collected in May) also produces ≥50% plantlets.  相似文献   

Effect ofCuscuta infection on chloroplast lipid composition ofBrassica leaves     

Sanjay Mishra  G. G. Sanwal 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1994,100(1):61-70

Brassica campestris was infected with the angiosperm parasite,Cuscuta reflexa, on 24 DAS (days after sowing). A significant reduction (43%) in carbon dioxide assimilation in leaves was found compared to normal plant, when both were assayed on 38 DAS. At this stage, the chloroplast lipid in infected leaves had decreased by 34%, with a reduction of 13, 38 and 55%, respectively, in neutral, glyco- and phospholipids. Among the glycolipids, the decrease in the content of MGDG, DGDG and SQDG was 21, 67 and 44%, respectively, with 2.4-fold increase in the MGDG/DGDG ratio. The chlorophyll content was reduced by 24%, while the carotenoid level increased by 44%. The free fatty acid content was enhanced by 47% which may be attributed to an increase in lipase activity. The contents of saturated fatty acids (capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic) increased while the contents of unsaturated fatty acids (palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic) decreased. The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids decreased over 50%. These findings may suggest chloroplasts as reactive sites of the host-parasite interaction in case of the angiosperm parasite.Abbreviations DAS day after sowing - DGDG digalactosyl diglyceride - FAME fatty acid methyl esters - FFA free fatty acids - MGDG monogalactosyl diglyceride - SQDG sulfoquinovosyl diglyceride  相似文献   

In vitro regeneration of clonally uniform plants of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Crataeva magna</Emphasis>: a high value medicinal tree by axillary branching method   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Nishritha Bopana  Sanjay Saxena 《New Forests》2009,38(1):53-65

Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC (synonym C. nurvala) is a high-value Indian medicinal tree. The multiple uses of C. magna have resulted in its over-exploitation. Erratic seed germination combined with destructive harvesting and habitat destruction in the form of deforestation has added to the enormity of the problem. Therefore, the need for conservation of this plant is vital. Development of an efficient micropropagation protocol will play a significant role in meeting the requirement of quality planting material for commercial cultivation thereby conserving the species in its natural habitat. In the present study, shoot multiplication was achieved by culturing single node segments derived from a field grown tree on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 2.66 μM N6-benzyladenine, 1.39 μM Kinetin (Kn), 0.57 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 3% sucrose and 0.2% gelrite. 96% rooting was achieved within 22 days by culturing the in vitro formed shoots on half strength MS medium with 11.42 μM IAA, 9.8 μM indole-3-butyric acid, 0.46 μM Kn and 198.25 μM phloroglucinol. Following a simple hardening procedure involving sequential transfer of plants to a greenhouse, polyhouse, and shade net, the tissue-cultured plants were transferred to the field where the survival rate was 100%. To this date 500 plants have been produced. Inter simple sequence repeat analysis has confirmed genetic uniformity of the tissue-cultured plants.  相似文献   

Acute Mountain Sickness in Children at 4380 Meters in the Himalayas     

Santosh Pradhan  Sanjay Yadav  Pritam Neupane  Prajan Subedi 《The Forestry Chronicle》2009,20(4):359-363

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