Passive transfer of Theileria equi antibodies to neonate foals of immune tolerant mares     

Kumar S  Kumar R  Gupta AK  Dwivedi SK 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,151(1):80-85

Equine babesiosis, a tick transmitted haemoprotozoan disease caused by Theileria equi is globally distributed and responsible for heavy economic losses to the equine husbandry. Equids reared in endemic areas usually pick up infection at an early age and become immune tolerant throughout their life span. We studied the level of passively transferred antibodies in neonate foals born from pre-immuned mares. Latently T. equi infected pre-immuned pony and donkey mares (three each) were selected and T. equi antibody titres in neonates was monitored till 90 days post foaling (DPF) by applying Dot-ELISA on sequentially collected serum samples from foals and their dams. A very high antibody titre was observed in pre-immuned pony and donkey mares. The maximum antibody of 1:60 to 1:80 was observed in pony's and donkey's foal on 2–16 and 2–10 DPF, respectively and thereafter it declined to less than 1:20 on 63–77 and 56–63 DPF. Simultaneously parasite carrying status in neonate foals and their dam was also monitored by applying PCR on blood samples. We could demonstrate PCR amplification in dam's blood samples while no amplification was recorded in neonate's blood samples. This study indicated that new-born foals were born naïve and passively transferred immunity was transitory which wanes after 63–77 DPF.  相似文献   

Lowered vaccine dose for immunisation of calves against tropical theileriosis usingTheileria annulata lymphoblasts     

Grewal  A. S.  Singh  Avtar  Kumar  Sanjay  Kondal  J. K.  Kanwar  J. R.  Kapur  J.  Sawhney  S. M. S. 《Tropical animal health and production》1997,29(4):104S-108S

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Bovine tropical theileriosis is of high incidence in calves below 2 months old in India. TheTheileria cell culture vaccine evolved by the Punjab Agricultural...  相似文献   

Validation of SCAR markers,diversity analysis of male sterile (S-) cytoplasms and isolation of an alloplasmic S-cytoplasm in Capsicum     

Rajesh Kumar  Sanjay Kumar  Neeraj Dwivedi  Sanjeet Kumar  Ashutosh Rai  Major Singh  Dasrath Singh Yadav  Mathura Rai 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

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Antibody dependent haemolysin, complement and opsonin in sera of a major carp, Cirrhina mrigala and catfish, Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis     

Kunal Saha  Kalpana Dash  Arvind Sahu 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1993,16(4):323-330

The present communication is a continuation of our earlier study on the natural serum haemagglutinin/lectins of Cirrhina mrigala, Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis. Sera of Cirrhina mrigala, belonging to the major carp family, could not only agglutinate heterologous rabbit erythrocytes, but also lyse them spontaneously. This lysis of rabbit RBC by Cirrhina mrigala sera was calcium ion dependent and heat sensitive, indicating thereby that the haemolysis was mediated by the fish serum complement system via the classical pathway. Quantification of CH50 and APCH50 levels in the sera of Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis as well as in the sera of amphibia, aves and mammals showed that lower vertebrates predominantly possessed an alternative pathway of the complement system, while on the other hand, in the higher vertebrates the major pathway of complement activation was classical. Furthermore sera of Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis had opsonins, which could stimulate heterologous rat peritoneal macrophages to engulf Staphylococcus aureus with the production of superoxide anion. From this study we concluded that fishes have been armed with various powerful natural humoral defense systems for their protection against environmental pathogens.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of Theileria orientalis piroplasm protein encoded by an open reading frame (To ORF2) in a genomic fragment     

Kim JY  Yokoyama N  Kumar S  Inoue N  Fujisaki K  Sugimoto C 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(8):957-963

In the present study, a novel antigenic protein expressed in the piroplasm stage of Theileria orientalis was characterized. A 4,707 bp genomic fragment amplified by PCR contained two open reading frames (ORFs). The deduced amino acid sequence of the first ORF showed significantly high similarlity to the ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolases/proteases while the second ORF (To ORF2) showed homology to several surface antigens of plasmodia. To ORF2 was expressed to determine whether the protein product is expressed by the parasite. In western blot analysis, bovine antiserum from a T. orientalis-infected calf recognized the recombinant protein containing a C-terminal part of the ORF expressed by baculovirus system. Western blot analysis with the anti-To ORF2 mouse serum recognized a 48 kDa protein in T. orientalis piroplasm lysates. Indirect immunofluorescence antibody test by confocal scanning laser microscopic analysis showed that antisera against the recombinant protein recognized T. orientalis piroplasm in the infected erythrocyte. The results from this study indicate that To ORF2 protein is expressed at the piroplasm stage and is immunogenic. This novel antigenic To ORF2 protein could be exploited for vaccine development against bovine piroplasmosis.  相似文献   

Tree assemblages and diversity patterns in Tropical Juri Forest,Bangladesh     

Swapan Kumar Sarker  Muhammad Nur-Un-Nabi  Md.Mohasinul Haque  Mahmuda Sharmin  Sanjay Saha Sonet  Sourav Das  Niamjit Das 《林业研究》2015,(1):159-169

Juri is a biodiversity-rich primary forest in Bangladesh, which remains ecologically unexplored. We identified tree species and examined the richness, alpha(a)diversity and floristic similarity patterns within the identified communities. Vegetation and environmental data were sampled in 120(0.04 ha) study plots. Tree communities were delimited by two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN). In total, 78 tree species of 35 families and58 genera were identified. TWINSPAN identified six tree communities: A—Tricalysia singularis; B—Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides; C—Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora; D—Ficus roxburghii; E—Artocarpus lacucha; F—Artocarpus lacucha. Mean richness, Shannon and Gini-Simpson indices were highest for the Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora community, while Ficus roxburghii showed lowest diversity. Significant differences(p = 0.05) in three diversity indices were recorded between Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora and Ficus roxburghii. Tree compositional similarity was greatest between Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides and Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora(0.712).  相似文献   

Intra- and interspecific competition differently influence growth and stem quality of young oaks (Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl.)     

Somidh Saha  Christian Kuehne  Jürgen Bauhus 《Annals of Forest Science》2014,71(3):381-393

Context

Cluster planting has become a conventional establishment method for oaks in Central Europe, where the spacing of seedlings within clusters varies between ‘nests’ (0.2?×?0.2 m) and ‘groups’ (1?×?1 m). Although the space between clusters is expected to fill with voluntary regeneration, its competitive effect on oak growth and quality had not been studied yet.

Aims

The aim of the study was to analyse the effects of inter- and intraspecific interactions on growth and quality of oaks grown in cluster plantings by quantifying the influence of neighbouring trees. In addition, we analysed whether the spatial position of oaks within groups (inner section or periphery) influenced their quality development.

Methods

Using Hegyi’s competition index, the influence of competition from intra- and interspecific trees from early, mid- and late-successional species, on diameter, height, slenderness and quality (length of branch-free bole) of 10- to 26-year-old oaks grown in cluster planting stands was quantified at seven sites in Baden-Württemberg and Hessen, Germany.

Results

In general, mid- and late-successional trees exerted a stronger competitive influence on growth of target oaks in clusters than the conspecific oaks and pioneer tree species. Oak quality development benefited from intraspecific competition, but self-pruning was not further promoted through additional interspecific competition. Within groups, inner oaks had a higher probability of developing into potential future crop trees than outer oaks.

Conclusion

Our study showed that intra- and interspecific competition had different effects on target oak trees and that these effect differed between nest and group plantings. The development of naturally regenerated and planted trainer trees in group plantings should be monitored carefully and if necessary be controlled through thinning or pollarding.  相似文献   

Probing cold dense nuclear matter     

Subedi R  Shneor R  Monaghan P  Anderson BD  Aniol K  Annand J  Arrington J  Benaoum H  Benmokhtar F  Boeglin W  Chen JP  Choi S  Cisbani E  Craver B  Frullani S  Garibaldi F  Gilad S  Gilman R  Glamazdin O  Hansen JO  Higinbotham DW  Holmstrom T  Ibrahim H  Igarashi R  de Jager CW  Jans E  Jiang X  Kaufman LJ  Kelleher A  Kolarkar A  Kumbartzki G  Lerose JJ  Lindgren R  Liyanage N  Margaziotis DJ  Markowitz P  Marrone S  Mazouz M  Meekins D  Michaels R  Moffit B  Perdrisat CF  Piasetzky E  Potokar M  Punjabi V  Qiang Y  Reinhold J  Ron G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5882):1476-1478

The protons and neutrons in a nucleus can form strongly correlated nucleon pairs. Scattering experiments, in which a proton is knocked out of the nucleus with high-momentum transfer and high missing momentum, show that in carbon-12 the neutron-proton pairs are nearly 20 times as prevalent as proton-proton pairs and, by inference, neutron-neutron pairs. This difference between the types of pairs is due to the nature of the strong force and has implications for understanding cold dense nuclear systems such as neutron stars.  相似文献   

Eastern Indian 3800-million-year-old crust and early mantle differentiation     

Basu AR  Ray SL  Saha AK  Sarkar SN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,212(4502):1502-1506

Samarium-neodymium data for nine granitic and tonalite gneisses occurring as remnants within the Singhbhum granite batholith in eastern India define an isochron of age 3775 +/- 89 x 10(6) years with an initial (143)Nd/(144)Nd ratio of 0.50798 +/- 0.00007. This age contrasts with the rubidium-strontium age of 3200 x 10(6) years for the same suite of rocks. On the basis of the new samarium-neodynium data, field data, and petrologic data, a scheme of evolution is proposed for the Archean crust in eastern India. The isotopic data provide evidence that parts of the earth's mantle were already differentiated with respect to the chondritic samarium-neodymium ratio 3800 x l0(6) years ago.  相似文献   

Caught in the middle?     

Magavi SS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5897):1776

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