Preliminary characterization of Lactococcus garvieae bacteriophage isolated from wastewater as a potential agent for biological control of lactococcosis in aquaculture     

Seyed Mahdi Ghasemi  Majid Bouzari  Giti Emtiazi 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(4):1469-1480

Lactococcosis, a significant emerging disease of fish caused by Lactococcus garvieae, has become one of the devastating problems due to its serious economic damage in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize a lytic phage infecting L. garvieae as a potential bioagent for the treatment of lactococcosis. In this regard, one strain of L. garvieae was isolated from diseased rainbow trout, and then, following biochemical and molecular identifications, its specific phage, WWP-1, which was able to destroy L. garvieae cells through the lytic cycle, was isolated from a municipal wastewater sample. Transmission electron microscope revealed that the isolated phage possesses an icosahedral head and a non-contractile short tail, resembled to members of the family Podoviridae. Moreover, phage WWP-1 represented optimal antibacterial activity at temperatures ranging from 15 to 30 °C, suggesting that it could be very effective at rainbow trout rearing temperature. Restriction profile analysis revealed that NdeI can digest WWP-1 genome while EcoRI, EcoRV, and BamHI were incapable of cutting its DNA. According to the in vivo experiment result, WWP-1 could decrease mortality rate of infected rainbow trout in aquaculture. The results suggest that this naturally occurring bacteriophage could be considered as a promising agent to control the disease caused by L. garvieae strains in rainbow trout rearing.  相似文献   

Competitive Removal of Ammonium-Nitrogen from Aqueous Solutions by Mineral and Organic Adsorbents     

Mahboubeh Zarabi  Mohsen Jalali 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(10):1129-1143

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Effect of pH on Potentially Toxic Trace Elements (Cd,Cu, Ni,and Zn) Solubility in Two Native and Spiked Calcareous Soils: Experimental and Modeling     

Mohsen Jalali 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(7):814-827

The effect of soil pH on solubility of the potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) [cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn)] was assessed using two native and spiked calcareous soils. Multiple PTEs solutions were added to soils and equilibrated (aged) for 40 days. Then, PTEs solubility was measured at different pH level (1–3 units below and above the pH of native soils). In native soils, all PTEs displayed a V-shaped pH-dependent solubility pattern with important releases at pH 4 and 10 (native soil 1) and 5 and 11 (native soil 2). In spiked soils, the general tendency for the pH where solubility started was in the order Cd > Ni > Zn > Cu. Solubility of added trace elements increased with a decrease in pH. Solubility of PTEs occurred at a lower pH in the soil with a higher carbonate content than the other soil (both native and spiked). In order to predict the effect of soil pH on solubility of PTEs, surface complexation and ions exchange models of PHREEQC program were used. The model simulated the PTEs solubility in soils very well. Comparison of experimental and simulated data indicated that ions exchange and surface complexation were the main mechanisms for predicting PTEs solubility in soils. Environmental implications concerning PTEs mobility might be derived from these findings.  相似文献   

Identifying Soil and Plant Nutrition Factors Affecting Yield in Irrigated Mature Pistachio Orchards     

Isa Esfandiarpour-Borujeni  Seyed Javad Hosseinifard  Hossein Shirani  Maryam Zeinadini  Ali Asghar Besalatpour 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(12):1474-1490

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of a hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Artificial Neural Network (GA–ANN) method for predicting pistachio yield and for identifying the determinant factors affecting pistachio yield in Rafsanjan region, Iran. A total of 142 pistachio orchards were selected randomly and soil samples were taken at three depths. Besides, water samples and leaves from branches without fruit were taken in each sampling point. Management information and pistachio yields were achieved by completing a questionnaire. Primarily, 58 variables affecting pistachio yield were measured, and then 26 out of them were selected by minimizing mean square error (MSE) using a feature selection (FS) method. The results showed that the accuracy of the method was acceptable. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis showed that the main determinant features affecting the pistachio yield were the irrigation water amount, leaf phosphorus, soil soluble magnesium, electrical conductivity (EC), and leaf nitrogen.  相似文献   

Evaluation of bermuda and paspalum grass types for urban landscapes under saline water irrigation     

Issa Yar Mohammad Karimi  Mohammed Abdul Mohsen Ali Salem  Abdul Jaleel Cheruth  Fayas Thayale Purayil  Sreeramanan Subramaniam 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(7):888-902

In the arid regions, turfgrass cover is an integral part of landscape to protect the soil from erosion, enhance the aesthetic value, and improve the microclimate. The salinity and the scarcity of fresh water of the arid region are the major challenging factors in turfgrass production. Therefore, the need for salt tolerant turfgrass with functional quality is necessary to improve the turf performance. The detrimental effects of salinity include growth suppression, and lowered osmotic potential ultimately leading to firing of the leaf blades. In this context, the study was undertaken to determine the relative salt tolerance and growth response of turfgrass genotypes in order to recommend turfgrass cultivars that can tolerate high salinity irrigation and maintain excellent visual and functional qualities under United Arab Emirates (UAE) condition. The paspalum cultivars maintained the highest succulence percentage compared to the bermudagrass cultivars under enhanced salinity levels. The shoots count, fresh weight (FW), and dry weight (DW) were found highest in paspalum types. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll content was found higher in bermuda grass types under high salinity levels. The bermudagrass cultivars showed significantly higher carotenoids, anthocyanins and proline compared to the paspalum types under salt stress condition. In the case of princess 77 and Yukon, an inherently high amount of proline was recorded which confirmed an increase up to 10,000 ppm and drastically declined beyond this concentration. Sea Dwarf paspalum and Sea Isle 2000 maintained uniformity in the proline level at all levels of salinity without significant variation. These findings point to the fact that both paspalum and bermuda types exhibited varied responses to different physiological and biochemical parameters under the saline conditions. Paspalum types have an edge over the bermudagrass in terms of shoot density, which is a potential factor in determining the high-quality turfs. Bermudagrass types can be applied in lower salinity conditions based on the responses as evidenced from the present results.  相似文献   

Stimulation in the movement and uptake of phosphorus in response to magnetic P solution and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Ocimum basilicum     

Edris Shabani  Sahebali Bolandnazar  Seyed Jalal Tabatabaei  Nosratollah Najafi  Saeedeh Alizadeh-Salteh  Youssef Rouphael 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(13):1662-1673

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effects of magnetic field, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and phosphorus (P) concentration in the nutrient solution (0, 5, 10, 20, or 40 mg L^?1) on the mobility and accumulation of P in soil and plant tissues of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). The experiment was designed as a factorial combination and treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Magnetic field increased water-soluble P in the soil and P concentration in plant shoot by 30.0% and 13.0%, respectively, in comparison to the control. The application of magnetic field and inoculation of AMF at 10 mg P L^?1 increased the P translocation efficiency by 23.3% and 17.8%, respectively. Overall, our results demonstrated that the use of magnetic field and AMF could be an effective tool for enhancing of uptake and movement efficiency of P even at low concentrations.  相似文献   

The potential of hyperspectral images and partial least square regression for predicting total carbon,total nitrogen and their isotope composition in forest litterfall samples     

Iman Tahmasbian  Zhihong Xu  Kadum Abdullah  Jun Zhou  Roya Esmaeilani  Thi Thu Nhan Nguyen  Shahla Hosseini Bai 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(8):2091-2103

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Interactive effects of biochar addition and elevated carbon dioxide concentration on soil carbon and nitrogen pools in mine spoil     

Yaling Zhang  Hong Chen  Shahla Hosseini Bai  Carl Menke  Manyun Zhang  Zhihong Xu 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(10):2400-2409

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Effect of Soil Sample Size on Saturated Soil Hydraulic Conductivity     

Roya Jafari  Mohsen Hossein-Alizadeh  Hasan Rezaii-Moghadam 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(8):908-919

Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_sat) is regarded as a key soil physical variable to determine soil infiltration rate, percolation depth and other hydrological processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the best soil sampling’s ring size for measuring K_sat. For this purpose, 25 rings with five different diameters (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 inch) and with the same depth of 20 cm (five replicates) were hammered in close vicinity to each other into the ground of undisturbed loess deposits of a small farm to measure K_sat and bulk density. Hydraulic conductivity was measured at three constant loads of 22, 27 and 32 cm. The results showed that the ring with the internal diameter of 6 inches had the minimum variation coefficient and maximum K_sat for all the three hydraulic heads. In addition, the bulk density of this ring size was less than the other rings.  相似文献   

Synthesis of highly intercalated urea-clay nanocomposite via domestic montmorillonite as eco-friendly slow-release fertilizer     

Mohammad Golbashy  Iraj Allahdadi  Hossein Nazokdast  Morteza Hosseini 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(1):84-95

The present study describes the preparation and characterization of montmorillonite-urea nanocomposites (Mt-Ur) using aqueous suspension technique at various stirring times and different ratio of montmorillonite to urea (Mt/Ur) via an impure and domestic montmorillonite (Mt), without the application of any chemical reagents and high-energy-demand process (environmentally friendly). The intercalation of urea into Mt interlayer was clearly demonstrated by a significant expansion of d₀₀₁ spacing (interlayer space of Mt) from 1.23 to 1.71 nm which has not yet been reported by aqueous suspension technique. Analyses performed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) also confirmed the effectiveness of this simple process to intercalate the urea into clay lamella. The release pattern demonstrated that the nanocomposite had a slow-release behaviour for urea dissolution. The results also suggested that the Mt type applied in the current study, in a 1:20 Mt/Ur ratio and stirred for 1 h, possessed desirable ecological and economic efficiency in the production of slow-release urea fertilizer due to the application of the impure and domestic clay which is of very low-cost and eco-friendly. Nevertheless, urea was fully intercalated into the interlayer of clay by a simple technique and with a good slow-release behaviour.  相似文献