上海外高桥口岸从进境羊毛中截获的杂草种类     

李昌敏  沈虓  罗凯明 《植物检疫》2012,(4):81-84

上海外高桥口岸是原毛进境的重要口岸,外高桥检验检疫局在进境羊毛检验检疫中发现进境羊毛携带有大量杂草籽。本文对外高桥局2011年1～9月份进境羊毛中截获的杂草进行了统计与分析,共截获杂草10112批次,73种;其中检疫性杂草4种,435批次。并针对外来入侵杂草管理提出对策和建议。  相似文献   

亚洲型舞毒蛾幼虫寄主选择与龄期关系初探     

魏靖  骆有庆  石娟  王德鹏  沈绍伟 《植物检疫》2012,(4):6-10

舞毒蛾是一种世界性的害虫,常被分为欧洲型和亚洲型2种类型,欧洲型舞毒蛾在传入美国之后造成了巨大危害。之前报道指出亚洲型舞毒蛾的寄主范围比欧洲型舞毒蛾的广,故造成的危害和损失更大,北美植物保护组织据此对中国的高风险港口实施了船舶特别检疫措施,对我国的进出口贸易产生了巨大影响。鉴于此,本实验以16种北美和中国常见的行道树种和绿化树种作为供试树种,分析了不同寄主植物对亚洲型舞毒蛾生长发育指标的影响规律。结果表明:饲喂白桦、加杨和糖槭的幼虫可以完成生活周期。饲喂杜松、女贞、大叶黄杨、红皮云杉、合欢、杂交鹅掌楸、马尾松、黑松和白皮松的幼虫在2龄以前全部死亡。虽然2龄以前幼虫饲喂北美乔松、油松和柿树后死亡率较高,但用人工饲料将幼虫饲养至4龄以后再替换饲喂以上3种植物,幼虫的死亡率则显著下降。分析表明,亚洲型舞毒蛾低龄幼虫(1、2龄)的寄主选择范围要窄于高龄幼虫(4龄以后的幼虫)。  相似文献   

陕西省白河县蚕桑产业可持续发展的对策及建议     

沈勇  庞均喜 《北京农业》2012,(18):208-209

蚕桑产业是白河县三大优势主导产业之一,由于受产业效益和蚕茧价格波动的影响,已成为弱势产业,为推进陕西省白河县蚕桑产业化经营,通过对劳动力市场分析,针对目前存在的问题,提出加强蚕桑资源的综合利用,发展桑园林下经济,提升蚕农年收入水平;以科技为支持,提升蚕农科技养蚕水平;推广"小蚕共育"养殖模式,提升养蚕劳日工值水平;促进桑园土地流转,提升养蚕规模化、集约化、专业化水平;优化惠农政策,提升蚕桑产业化水平。  相似文献   

竹子在园林绿化中的应用     

沈海兵 《北京农业》2012,(21):53

在我国竹子不仅是一种十分丰富的资源,同时也有着很深厚的文化底蕴。在园林绿化中,只要能够因地制宜并且善加利用,就可以巧妙地将"竹子文化"置于其中,创造出诗词歌赋中所描绘的美丽情景,让观赏者感受到美的同时还可以体会到古人情感。  相似文献   

植物间种强化根际修复PCB NO.14污染土壤的研究     

刘龙元贺鸿志  申时立黎华寿 《中国农学通报》2012,28(36):128-134

为了更好地了解间作系统对受持久性有机污染物污染的农业土壤的生物修复效率及其机制,运用室内盆栽试验,研究了南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)、大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]和玉米(Zea mays L.)3种植物的单作和两两间作强化多氯联苯污染赤红壤的根际修复效应。结果表明：植物不同种植方式均对根际土壤中PCB的减量有促进作用,单作的土壤PCB单位残留量是对照的70.25%~92.11%,间作的土壤PCB单位残留量是对照的61.44%~80.53%。其中,大豆、玉米间作效果最好,根际修复土壤PCB单位残留量是对照的61.44%,显著低于对照。各种植方式中植物地上部吸收积累的多氯联苯符合中国食品安全标准的限值。各处理根际土壤的荧光素二乙酸酯酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶活性和Eh、C/N均与对照差异显著。相关分析结果表明,根际土壤PCB残留量与FDA酶、过氧化氢酶活性、C/N呈极显著负相关,与多酚氧化酶、Eh呈显著负相关。  相似文献   

Identifying and characterizing yield limiting factors in paddy rice using remote sensing yield maps     

Yi-Ping Wang  Shou-Hung Chen  Kuo-Wei Chang  Yuan Shen 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(5):553-567

Identification and characterization of yield limiting factors based on multi-year yield maps is important for delineating field management zones. Multi-year yield maps were derived from satellite images of a paddy-rice (Oryza sativa L.) study site with a conventional two-cropping system in central Taiwan. Spatiotemporal yield-trend maps with consistently high, average and low yields, and inconsistent yield areas were delineated based on temporal variation and the means of the normalized yields on a per pixel basis. Soil and plant samples were collected and grouped for statistical analysis based on the derived yield-trend maps. Comparison of soil properties and rice yield components among yield classes indicated that differences in leaching loss of basal and top-dressed N fertilizers were the likely limiting factor affecting the spatial variation of yield within the study site.  相似文献   

2010-2012年SCI收录我国肿瘤学论文的文献计量分析     

郑津津  张惠荣  井深  姜珊 《农业环境科学学报》2012,31(12)

对2010-2012年SCIE收录我国肿瘤学论文进行文献计量分析,以了解我国肿瘤学论文存在的问题及今后努力的方向。  相似文献   

RNAi沉默转基因油菜fad2基因表达的种子特异性分析     

周晓婴  申爱娟  张洁夫  浦惠明  龙卫华  胡茂龙  陈锋  付三雄  顾慧  陈松  戚存扣 《分子植物育种》2012,(3):305-310

为研究RNAi沉默转基因油菜fad2基因表达的效果及其器官特异性,实时荧光定量PCR法分析比较了转基因油菜W-4与非转基因对照Westar开花后第7天、第14天、第21天、第28天的种子以及越冬期油菜根、茎、叶器官中的fad2基因的相对表达量。结果显示:对照Westsr种子中fad2基因的相对表达量随开花后的天数呈逐渐增加的趋势,但W-4种子中fad2基因的相对表达量在开花后第21天、第28天较对照Westar显著下降,降幅达到60%。说明转基因油菜W-4在种子发育过程中表达的fad2基因的dsRNA干扰了fad2基因表达。W-4与Westar在越冬期根、茎、叶器官中fad2基因的相对表达量基本一致,无显著性差异。脂肪酸组成分析结果显示:W-4种子中油酸平均含量达到81.5%较Westar增加了近15%,而多不饱和脂肪酸平均含量为5.25%,较Westar下降了近70%;但根、茎、叶中的脂肪酸含量二者无显著差异;结果表明转基因油菜中RNAi干扰fad2基因表达具有种子特异性,不干扰其它器官的fad2基因表达。研究还发现转基因油菜fad2基因表达下降的时期与napin基因表达时期同步,均始于开花后21d左右,表明目标基因的表达受napin启动子的准确控制。  相似文献   

黄瓜ζ-胡萝卜素脱氢酶基因克隆及表达分析     

王柬人  李锡香  王海平  邱杨  宋江萍  张晓辉  沈镝 《分子植物育种》2012,(5):520-527

以西双版纳黄瓜为试材,从黄瓜果肉中克隆ζ-胡萝卜素脱氢酶(ZDS)基因的cDNA序列,命名为CsZds。获得目的片段长度为1805bp,该序列具有完整的开放阅读框,位于31~1761bp,编码576个氨基酸。序列比对分析结果显示,该蛋白在氨基端变化十分明显,中部较为保守,存在一个特征序列。系统进化分析表明,推测的CsZDS蛋白与南瓜中ZDS蛋白同源性最高,达到91.84%。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析结果显示,随着果实成熟期的延长,西双版纳黄瓜CsZds基因的表达量呈明显上升的趋势,在转色期达到最大。在果实发育过程中,西双版纳黄瓜CsZds基因的表达量高于普通黄瓜。  相似文献   

Effects of increasing tryptophan intake on growth and physiological changes in nursery pigs     

Shen YB  Voilqué G  Kim JD  Odle J  Kim SW 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(7):2264-2275

Tryptophan (Trp) as a precursor of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has long been used to extenuate aggressive behavior and control stress of humans as well as several farm animals. This study was conducted to determine the effect of supplemental L-Tryptophan (L-Trp) on growth, cerebral 5-HT concentration, stress hormone concentration, oxidative stress status, and behavior response of pigs under social stress, and also to determine an optimal daily total Trp intake that would benefit nursery pigs under social stress. Seventy two individually housed barrows at 6 wk of age were randomly allotted to 6 treatments with supplementation of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 g L-Trp/kg to corn and soybean meal-based feedstuffs. Pigs were fed assigned feedstuffs for 15 d. Body weight was measured on d 0, 5, 10, and 15. Saliva and blood were collected on d 5, 10, and 15. On d 5 and 10, all 12 pigs in each treatment were paired in 6 new pens to record behavior for a 2-d period and returned to original individual pens. On d 15, pigs were euthanized to obtain hypothalamus. During the first 5 d, ADG and G:F increased (linear, P < 0.01) with increasing supplemental L-Trp. During the entire 15 d, ADG and G:F increased (linear, P = 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) with increasing supplemental L-Trp. Estimates of the daily total Trp intake based on ADG on d 15 were 10.8 g/d (P < 0.01; R(2) = 0.16) using a 1-slope broken-line analysis. Hypothalamic 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid increased (linear, P < 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively) with increasing supplemental L-Trp. Malonedialdehyde in plasma and hypothalamus, as well as salivary cortisol, on d 15 decreased (linear, P = 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01, respectively) with increasing supplemental L-Trp. Plasma urea nitrogen decreased (linear, P < 0.01) with increasing supplemental L-Trp. Increasing supplemental L-Trp affected pig behaviors during the first 2-d observation period by decreasing (quadratic, P = 0.04) lying, decreasing (linear, P = 0.04) sitting, and increasing (linear, P = 0.02) drinking. Overall, supplementation of L-Trp improved growth performance of 6 wk-old nursery pigs under social stress in association with increasing hypothalamic 5-HT production, reducing stress hormone concentrations, decreasing lipid peroxidation, increasing drinking, and reducing sitting and lying. Increase in BW gain of nursery pigs under social stress was maximal when daily total Trp intake was 10.8 g.  相似文献