Pulmonary function and metabolic physiology of theropod dinosaurs     

JA Ruben  Dal Sasso C  NR Geist  WJ Hillenius  TD Jones  M Signore 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5401):514-516

Ultraviolet light analysis of a fossil of the theropod dinosaur Scipionyx samniticus revealed that the liver subdivided the visceral cavity into distinct anterior pleuropericardial and posterior abdominal regions. In addition, Scipionyx apparently had diaphragmatic musculature and a dorsally attached posterior colon. These features provide evidence that diaphragm-assisted lung ventilation was present in theropods and that these dinosaurs may have used a pattern of exercise physiology unlike that in any group of living tetrapods.  相似文献   

Insecticidal control of Lucilia cuprina: strategic timing of treatment     

JA McKENZIE  N. ANDERSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(10):385-386

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Metastatic ovarian cystadenocarcinoma in a gilt     

JA LEDER  DA FRANCO  KA LANGHEINRICH 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(12):467-467

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Immunisation against ovine caseous lymphadenitis: correlation between Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis toxoid content and protective efficacy in combined clostridial-corynebacterial vaccines   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

DG EGGLETON  JA HAYNES  HD MIDDLETON  JC COX 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(10):322-325

Groups of sheep were dosed with vaccines containing Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis toxoid combined in varying amounts with 5 clostridial antigens. Resistance of the sheep to infection with C pseudotuberculosis was tested at 1, 6 and 12 months after vaccination by infection with pus from ovine lymph glands actively infected with C pseudotuberculosis. The outcome was assessed 3 months after challenge by slaughter and inspection of the sheep for caseous lymphadenitis lesions. Protection was demonstrated by a significant reduction in the proportion of immunised sheep exhibiting lesions compared with control sheep, and by fewer abscesses in affected immunised sheep than in affected control sheep. A positive correlation was found between amount of C pseudotuberculosis toxoid administered and degree of protection obtained. Chromatographically-purified toxoid induced essentially the same protection, suggesting that anti-toxic immunity is the major factor in protection.  相似文献   

New infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis reduces wool production   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MW PATON  IR ROSE  RA HART†  SS SUTHERLAND†  AR MERCY†  TM ELLIS†  JA DHALIWAL‡ 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(2):47-49

SUMMARY The effect of natural Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection on wool production and quality in sheep was examined in light of evidence that artificial C pseudotuberculosis infection causes wool production loss. A toxin ELISA was used to identify sheep that had been infected with C pseudo tuberculosis. Greasy and clean fleece weights and fibre diameter were compared in infected and uninfected sheep. C pseudotuberculosis infection caused a 3.8 to 4.8% decrease in greasy wool production and a 4.1 to 6.6% decrease in clean wool production. C pseudotuberculosis infection did not affect fibre diameter. The effects of caseous lymphadenitis (the disease caused by C pseudotuberculosis infection) cause an annual loss of about $17 million in wool production to the Australian wool industry.  相似文献   

Maple syrup urine disease in Poll Shorthorn calves     

PJ HEALY  JA DENNIS  PAW HARPER  R GRAHAM  RE REUTER 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(6):143-144

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Successful treatment of a tarsocrural joint luxation in a pony     

JA LAING  SF CAVES  RJ RAWLINSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(8):200-201

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Effects of Serum Deprivation and Cycloheximide on Cell Cycle of Low and High Passage Porcine Fetal Fibroblasts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MD Goissis  HVA Caetano  MG Marques  FRO de Barros  WB Feitosa  MP Milazzotto  M Binelli  MEOA Assumpção  JA Visintin 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(6):660-663

Arrest of cells in G0/G1 cell cycle phase is desired for nuclear transfer procedures. Serum starvation and cell cycle inhibitors are different ways to induce synchronization of the cell cycle. This study investigated the effects of serum starvation and cycloheximide (CHX) on the cell cycle of low (5th) and high (15th) passages fetal porcine fibroblasts. Cell cycle phases were determined using fluorescent activated cell sorting. Fifth passage fibroblast cultures had higher (p < 0.05) proportion of cells in G0/G1 only after 72 h of serum starvation (77.60 ± 0.65) when compared with non‐starved cells (71.44 ± 1.88). Serum starvation for all periods tested induced an increase (p < 0.05) on proportion of cells in G0/G1 on the 15th passage. No significant differences were observed on the 5th passage cultures exposed to CHX, although, on the 15th passage an increase on proportion of cells was observed after all periods of exposure (p < 0.05). These data indicates that high passage cells in vitro are more susceptible to serum starvation and CHX G0/G1 synchronization.  相似文献   

Management of Goat Reproduction and Insemination for Genetic Improvement in France   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B Leboeuf  JA Delgadillo  E Manfredi  A Piacère  V Clément  P. Martin  M Pellicer  P Boué  R de Cremoux 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):379-385

Reproductive seasonality observed in all breeds of goats originating from temperate latitudes and in some breeds from subtropical latitudes can now be controlled by artificial changes in photoperiod. Short days stimulate sexual activity, while long days inhibit it. This knowledge has allowed the development of photoperiodic treatments to control sexual activity in goats, for both the buck and doe. In the French intensive milk production system, goat AI plays an important role to control reproduction and, in conjunction with progeny testing, to improve milk production. Most dairy goats are inseminated out of the breeding season with deep frozen semen, after induction of oestrus and ovulation by hormonal treatments. This protocol provides a kidding rate of approximately 65%. New breeding strategies have been developed, based on the buck effect associated with AI, to reduce the use of hormones. With the development of insemination with frozen semen, a classical selection programme was set up, including planned mating, progeny testing and the diffusion of proved sires by inseminations in herds. Functional traits have become important for efficient breeding schemes in the dairy goat industries. Based on knowledge gained over the past decade, the emphasis in selective breeding has been placed on functional traits related to udder morphology and health. New windows have been opened based on new molecular tools, allowing the detection and mapping of genes of economic importance.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae,bovine viral diarrhoea virus,and gastrointestinal parasitism in a sample of adult New Zealand alpaca (Vicugna pacos)     

KE Dittmer  JA Hinkson  C Dwyer  B Adlington  M van Andel 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2018,66(1):9-15

AIM: To determine the prevalence of infection with Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae (Mhl), antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), and BVDV antigen, and the prevalence of animals with elevated faecal nematode egg counts (FEC) in a sample of adult New Zealand alpaca (Vicugna pacos).

METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 175 alpaca, collected from 15 farms around New Zealand, and from 31 samples sent to a diagnostic laboratory for routine haematology. Blood smears (n=170) were examined microscopically for the presence of haemoplasma, and DNA was extracted from whole blood (n=206) for real-time PCR testing for Mhl. Packed cell volume (PCV) was determined for 193 samples. Serum samples (n=195) were tested for BVDV antibody using ELISA, and for BVDV antigen using a real-time PCR assay. Faecal samples were collected from 143 animals; FEC were measured, and samples pooled for larval culture.

RESULTS: No haemoplasma organisms were present on blood smear examination. Of the 206 blood samples, two (from the same farm) were positive for Mhl by real-time PCR testing, giving a prevalence of infection with Mhl of 0.97%. Of the 195 serum samples tested, four (2.1%) were positive for antibodies to BVDV; animals with BVDV antibodies were from 3/15 (20%) farms, none of which farmed cattle. None of the serum samples were positive by PCR for BVDV antigen. The median FEC was 50?epg (min 0, max 4,700), with 55/143 (38.5%) samples having 0?epg, and 33/143 (23.1%) having ≥250?epg. Haemonchus spp. were the most common nematodes present in faecal larval cultures from the North Island. Log₁₀ FEC was negatively associated with PCV (p=0.02), and was higher in males than females (p<0.001), and in animals that were positive compared with negative for Mhl (p=0.022).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The number of alpaca infected with Mhl was low, as was the seroprevalence of BVDV. Gastrointestinal parasitism was, however, a common finding in this sample of New Zealand alpaca.  相似文献