The Kinetics of Spinning-Disc Atomizers Applied to Seed Treatment Machinery¹     

I. GYÜRK 《EPPO Bulletin》1983,13(3):475-478

Spinning disc-atomizers are widely used in seed-dressing machines. They not only give an initial velocity to the droplet but deliver air as well, consequently the droplet enters a moving medium. Computer analysis shows the influence of this mutual motion in the case of linear, parabolic and hyperbolic air velocity decrease. The moving air exerts a significant effect on the ideal encounter zone of liquid and seed. This effect should be taken into consideration in designing the dressing chamber of seed treatment machinery.  相似文献   

Reply     

RK WANSBROUGH 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(6):476-477

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Chemical composition and nutritive value of Gokhru. (Tribullus terristris)     

K S Shukla  S K Ranjhan 《The Indian veterinary journal》1969,46(8):715-718

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Chronic vascular catheterisation of the koala and the rabbit     

GM CLEVA  GM STONE  DL EVANS  RK DICKENS† 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(2):50-52

SUMMARY: Vascular access ports were surgically placed, first in rabbits maintained under laboratory conditions, and then in koalas maintained in a wildlife park. The ports remained patent for 9 months in rabbits and for up to 13 months in the koalas and were removed successfully. They allowed collection of blood samples without assistance or disturbance in koalas, and without stress as reflected by plasma cortisol concentration. The use of retention rings on the cannula tubing is recommended.  相似文献   

Bioactivity guided isolation of antipsychotic constituents from the leaves of Rauwolfia tetraphylla L     

Gupta S  Khanna VK  Maurya A  Bawankule DU  Shukla RK  Pal A  Srivastava SK 《Fitoterapia》2012,83(6):1092-1099

This study was undertaken to ascertain the antipsychotic properties of Rauwolfia tetraphylla L. leaves and to isolate and characterize the antipsychotic constituents. Among the MeOH extract and some alkaloidal fractions at different pHs, the alkaloidal CHCl(3) fraction at pH-9 (2C) showed the highest antipsychotic activity against dopaminergic (DA-D(2)) and serotonergic (5-HT(2A)) receptors in-vitro and amphetamine induced hyperactive mouse model in-vivo. The activity guided isolation of CHCl(3) fraction (2C) afforded six indole alkaloids: 10-methoxytetrahydroalstonine (1), isoreserpiline (2), an isomeric mixture of 11-demethoxyreserpiline (3) and 10-demethoxyreserpiline (4), α-yohimbine (5) and reserpiline (6). Given orally, alkaloids 3-6 showed significant antipsychotic activity in a dose dependent manner. None of the extract, alkaloidal fractions or alkaloids showed any extra pyramidal symptoms at the tested doses. It was also observed that MeOH extract was behaving similar to other clinically used novel atypical antipsychotics in having 5-HT(2A) occupancy greater than the DA-D(2) receptor at the tested doses. Further toxicity and safety evaluation studies of MeOH extracts of R. tetraphylla leaves at different doses (10, 100, 300 and 2000 mg/kg) on female Swiss albino mice showed that MeOH extract is non toxic. The isolated alkaloids, 3-6 could serve as a promising lead structure for drug development of treating psychotic conditions in human.  相似文献   

Surface modification of polymer optical fibers for enhanced side emission behavior     

Rajesh Mishra  Anuj Shukla  Dana Kremenakova  Jiri Militky 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(9):1468-1471

The polymer optical fiber with trade name Flexi was used in this research, because of its flexibility and the range of diameters available in the market. These fibers were dyed using commercial disperse dye under various conditions of dye concentration and dyeing time. Samples were analyzed for side emission of light with the use of an instrument which was specifically designed for the measurement of this nature. The results showed that the dye penetration is dependent on time, if dye concentration and temperature are kept constant. After 40 min of dyeing, the fiber core showed an increase in side emission with lower loss due to attenuation. Excessive time in the hot conditions also degraded the fiber, so that the fiber became very stiff and brittle. Fibers were also subjected to heat, in the form of boiling water bath, for selected periods of time, and it was found that the effect was similar to that of the prior experiments. Surface treatment of Flexi fibers was carried out using ethyl acetate as an etching agent, to possibly accept more disperse dye on the fiber surface. The results after dyeing showed a more significant improvement in both side emission and attenuation of light.  相似文献   

Defensin (TvD1) from Tephrosia villosa exhibited strong anti-insect and anti-fungal activities in transgenic tobacco plants     

S. Vijayan  N. K. Singh  P. Shukla  P. B. Kirti 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(2):337-344

Plant defensin is a small, cationic, cysteine-rich broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide with four or five disulfide bridges and has been shown to be a component of the innate immunity system in plants. In the present study, the defensin gene (TvD1) from Tephrosia villosa was overexpressed in tobacco and characterized. Two high-expression (T1, T26) and one low-expression (T13) plant lines were selected through semi-quantitative RT-PCR and used for bioassays along with non-transgenic controls. The high-expression plant line exhibited strong in vivo anti-fungal and anti-feedant activity against the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani and the first and second instar larvae of the Spodoptera litura (F.), the tobacco cutworm, respectively. The low-expression plant line showed a moderate level of tolerance/resistance in the bioassays. The recombinant peptide (rTvD1) exhibited toxicity to tobacco pollen grains in the germination assay, but transgenic plants produced copious fertile pollen and set capsules with viable seeds. The results of this study demonstrate that the single gene (TvD1) effectively controls both fungal and insect pests and, hence, it can be used for crop transformation.  相似文献   

Three cases of a presumptive atypical myopathy in New Zealand horses     

RK McKenzie  IR Gibson  A Ritmeester 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):367-372

CASE HISTORY: Three weanling Thoroughbred fillies were presented during autumn with depression, muscle rigidity and, in one case, colic symptoms and cardiovascular shock.

CLINICAL FINDINGS: All fillies had abnormal physical examinations that included elevated heart rates and respiratory rates coupled with muscle rigidity through the back and rump. Biochemistry revealed markedly elevated creatinine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase which indicated a myopathy.

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT: All three horses were diagnosed with presumptive equine atypical myopathy. The horses received supportive therapy as per the literature available at the time regarding this condition; two responded to supportive therapy and survived, and one was euthanased due to a rapid deterioration in clinical status.

PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Following post mortem of one case, histology of the trapezius muscle demonstrated an acute, severe myofibre degeneration.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Atypical myopathy and a very similar disorder termed seasonal pasture myopathy in North America are potentially fatal, pasture-related syndromes that have been described in Europe and America but have not been previously described in New Zealand. This report describes three presumptive cases of this unique syndrome in New Zealand for the first time; it outlines the characteristics of the condition; and includes recently published information regarding diagnosis and treatment.  相似文献   

Evaluation of von Willebrand Factor During Pregnancy,Lactation and Oestrous Cycle in Bitches Affected and Unaffected by von Willebrand Disease     

CRS Mattoso  RK Takahira  SL Beier  JP Araujo Jr  JE Corrente 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(3):416-422

Plasmatic concentrations of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) increase during pregnancy in humans and dogs; however the mechanism of such increase is still not well defined. The aims of this study were: (i) to evaluate changes in vWF concentration during pregnancy and during the subsequent oestrous cycle in bitches affected and unaffected by von Willebrand Disease (vWD); (ii) to correlate the vWF levels and cortisol levels in both groups. Seven vWD affected (GI) and nine unaffected (GII) bitches were used. The animals were assessed during pregnancy, parturition, lactation and non‐gestational oestrous cycle in 11 moments (Pregnancy 1, Pregnancy 2, Parturition, Lactation 1, Lactation 2, Lactation 3, Anestrus, Proestrus, Oestrus, Diestrus 1, and Diestrus 2). The following tests were performed; measurement of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), albumin and cortisol. In both groups, vWF concentration remained stable during the non‐gestational oestrous cycle, but increased during pregnancy, with the highest value observed at parturition. Increases of 70% and 124% in vWF were seen in GI and GII, respectively, compared to anestrus. No correlation was found between vWF and cortisol. Values of vWF:Ag changed during pregnancy, with a peak at parturition, both in vWD affected and unaffected animals. Values of vWF were not altered in the different phases of the oestrous cycle following pregnancy in both groups. Evaluation of vWF during pregnancy can cause false negative results for vWD, but assessment can be performed at any point in the oestrous cycle of non‐pregnant bitches.  相似文献   

Spatial variability of total soil carbon and nitrogen stocks for some reclaimed minesoils of southeastern Ohio     

G. Nyamadzawo  M. K. Shukla  R. Lal 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2008,19(3):275-288

Reclamation of drastically disturbed minesoils and subsequent planting of trees and/or grasses can result in a rapid build‐up of carbon (C) in the soil. However, the amount of C sequestered in reclaimed minesoils may vary with the amount of time since reclamation. In this study, we assessed total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations for reclaimed minesoils located in northeastern Ohio and characterized by distinct reclamation age chronosequences. Reclaimed minesoils studied were R78G, reclaimed in 1978 and immediately seeded to grass; R82GT, reclaimed in 1982 and immediately seeded to grass and trees were planted 5 years later; and R87G, reclaimed in 1987 and immediately seeded to grass. An unmined site, UMG, was also included as a reference. Our objectives were to evaluate the variability with respect to mean and the spatial variability of pH, bulk density (ρ_b), TC and TN concentrations, and stocks in each reclaimed minesoil. Thirty soil samples were collected at each of the 0–15, 15–30, and 30–50 cm depth. The coefficient of variation (CV) for ρ_b was least, <15 per cent at each site and depth. For TN concentration and stock, CV was moderate, 15–35 per cent, in each field except the UMG where it was high, >35 per cent at 0–15, and 15–30 cm depths. For TC concentration and stocks, CV was high, >35 per cent, across all minesoils and generally increased with depth. The C/N ratio followed the same tend as TC and TN stocks and ranged from 40 per cent to 123 per cent across minesoils. Geostatistical analysis also showed an increase in sample variance with increasing amount of time since reclamation for most soil properties under investigation. Sample variance for TC concentration and stocks also increased with depth in reclaimed minesoils. However, no definite relationship emerged between amount of time since reclamation and the spatial dependence of TC and TN concentrations and stocks. Overall this study showed that reclamation of drastically disturbed minesoils increased the soil C concentration and stocks and reclamation by initially seeding to grasses followed by planting trees was the best management option for speedy accretion of soil C and soil quality enhancement. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献