QTL mapping of fruit nutritional and flavor components in tomato (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Solanum lycopersicum</Emphasis>) using genome-wide SSR markers and recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from an intra-specific cross     

Junji Kimbara  Akio Ohyama  Hiroshi Chikano  Hirotaka Ito  Katsutoshi Hosoi  Satomi Negoro  Koji Miyatake  Hirotaka Yamaguchi  Tsukasa Nunome  Hiroyuki Fukuoka  Takeshi Hayashi 《Euphytica》2018,214(11):210

Fruit nutritional and flavor components are important targets for breeding new cultivars of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). We developed 108 recombinant inbred lines (the K39 RILs) in the F₆ generation from a cross between two phenotypically different breeding lines, K03 and K09. A linkage map was constructed using 172 genome-wide simple sequence repeat markers, 3 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers, and 2 phenotypic markers. The K39 RIL map consists of 12 linkage groups (LGs) and covers a genetic distance of 1089 cM. We measured the fruit soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), glutamic acid content (GLU), and lycopene content (LYC) of each line in four generations (F₆, F₈, F₁₀, F₁₁), β-carotene content (CAR) in two generations, and pH in one generation. By composite interval mapping that considered yearly variations in components as non-genetic effects, we detected three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for SSC, four for TA, two for CAR, and one each for GLU, LYC, and pH. Among them, we found two QTLs for TA in LGs 6 and 11, those for GLU and LYC were candidates for novel QTLs. QTLs detected in this study were clustered in five LGs, but we observed no apparent trade-off relationships among the QTLs in each LG. Being derived from an intra-specific cross of tomato breeding materials, these QTLs can be used in practical breeding for improving fruit quality with low risk of linkage drag.  相似文献   

京津冀区域收入差距与环境质量关系的实证研究     

申伟宁  福元健志  张韩模 《干旱区资源与环境》2017,31(11):39-43

文中利用京津冀区域1994-2014年间的经济与环境数据,在收入差距视角下扩展EKC假说,对收入差距与环境质量间的关系实证检验。结果发现:1994-2004年间京津冀区域收入差距与污染物排放之间呈现的关系并不一致,且显著性不强;而2005-2014年间京津冀区域收入差距与污染物排放呈现正向驱动关系,表明2005年之后收入差距的影响作用加剧了京津冀区域环境质量的恶化。究其原因,与2004年"廊坊共识"达成以后,京津冀区域产业转移有着密切关系。因此,为保障京津冀协同发展国家重大战略实施,应抑制区域间收入差距扩大,防止"污染转移假说"效应,以实现经济与环境的协调发展。  相似文献   

Acidic soil conditions suppress zoospore release from zoosporangia in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Olpidium virulentus</Emphasis>     

Yutaka Iwamoto  Kai Inoue  Shinji Nishiguchi  Katsunari Matsuura  Masataka Aino  Hitoshi Nakayashiki  Kenichi Ikeda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(4):240-243

Lettuce big-vein disease, caused by Mirafiori lettuce big-vein virus and Lettuce big-vein associated virus, is suppressed when the pH of field soil becomes acidic. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of soil pH on the activities of Olpidium virulentus, the vector of the viruses. We found that acidic soil, pH less than 6.0, significantly reduced O. virulentus infection of the root and influenced the detection rate of zoospores released in the surrounding water. We concluded that acidic soil suppresses zoospore release from zoosporangia.  相似文献   

Amitraz and its metabolite differentially activate α‐ and β‐adrenergic‐like octopamine receptors          下载免费PDF全文

Tomo Kita  Takeshi Hayashi  Tomohiro Ohtani  Haruka Takao  Hiroshi Takasu  Genyan Liu  Hiroto Ohta  Fumiyo Ozoe  Yoshihisa Ozoe 《Pest management science》2017,73(5):984-990

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Effects of heat stress on production,somatic cell score and conception rate in Holsteins          下载免费PDF全文

Koichi Hagiya  Kiyoshi Hayasaka  Takeshi Yamazaki  Tatsuo Shirai  Takefumi Osawa  Yoshinori Terawaki  Yoshitaka Nagamine  Yutaka Masuda  Mitsuyoshi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):3-10

We examined the effects of heat stress (HS) on production traits, somatic cell score (SCS) and conception rate at first insemination (CR) in Holsteins in Japan. We used a total of 228 242 records of milk, fat and protein yields, and SCS for the first three lactations, as well as of CR in heifers and in first‐ and second‐lactation cows that had calved for the first time between 2000 and 2012. Records from 47 prefectural weather stations throughout Japan were used to calculate the temperature–humidity index (THI); areas were categorized into three regional groups: no HS (THI < 72), mild HS (72 ≤ THI < 79), and moderate HS (THI ≥ 79). Trait records from the three HS‐region groups were treated as three different traits and trivariate animal models were used. The genetic correlations between milk yields from different HS groups were very high (0.91 to 0.99). Summer calving caused the greatest increase in SCS, and in the first and second lactations this increase became greater as THI increased. In cows, CR was affected by the interaction between HS group and insemination month: with summer and early autumn insemination, there was a reduction in CR, and it was much larger in the mild‐ and moderate‐HS groups than in the no‐HS group.  相似文献   

Genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the genes associated with body composition and locomotion traits in Myanmar native horses          下载免费PDF全文

Yu Okuda  Hla Hla Moe  Kyaw Kyaw Moe  Yuki Shimizu  Kenji Nishioka  Takeshi Shimogiri  Hideyuki Mannen  Misao Kanemaki  Tetsuo Kunieda 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1198-1203

Myanmar native horses are small horses used mainly for drafting carts or carriages in rural areas and packing loads in mountainy areas. In the present study, we investigated genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the LCORL/NCAPG, MSTN and DMRT3 genes, which are associated with body composition and locomotion traits of horses, in seven local populations of Myanmar native horses. The genotyping result of LCORL/NCAPG showed that allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher withers height ranged from 0.08 to 0.27, and 0.13 in average. For MSTN, allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher proportion of Type 2B muscular fiber ranged from 0.05 to 0.23, and 0.09 in average. For DMRT3, allele frequencies of A allele associated with ambling gait ranged from 0 to 0.04, and 0.01 in average. The presences of the minor alleles of these genes at low frequencies suggest a possibility that these horse populations have not been under strong selection pressure for particular locomotion traits and body composition. Our findings of the presence of these minor alleles in Southeast Asian native horses are also informative for considering the origins of these minor alleles associated with body composition and locomotion traits in horse populations.  相似文献   

High-throughput technique for comprehensive analysis of Japanese green tea quality assessment using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/TOF MS)     

Pongsuwan W  Bamba T  Harada K  Yonetani T  Kobayashi A  Fukusaki E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(22):10705-10708

Applications of metabolomics techniques along with chemometrics provide an understanding in the relationship between metabolome of green tea and its quality. A coupled of ultra-performance liquid chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/TOF MS) allowed a high-throughput and comprehensive analysis with minimal sample preparation. Using this technique, a wide range of metabolites were investigated. Data analysis was rapid, considering that the fingerprinting technique was performed. A set of green tea samples from 2006 tea contest of the Kansai area was analyzed to prove usefulness of the developed technique. Green tea with different qualities were discriminated through principal component analysis (PCA). Consequently, projection to latent structure by means of partial least-squares (PLS) was performed to create a constructive quality-predictive model by means of metabolic fingerprinting. Beside epigallocatechin, other predominant catechins, including epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate, detected in green tea were found to be significant biomarkers to the high quality of Japanese green tea (Sencha).  相似文献   

Identification and variation of glutelin alpha polypeptides in the genus Oryza assessed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and step-by-step immunodetection     

Khan N  Katsube-Tanaka T  Iida S  Yamaguchi T  Nakano J  Tsujimoto H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(13):4955-4961

To obtain fundamental information for nutritional improvement of rice (Oryza sativa) seed proteins, the alpha polypeptides of the major storage protein glutelin varied over the genus Oryza were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized with unique methods. The polypeptides were maximally separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) composed of nonequilibrium pH gradient gel electrophoresis (NEPHGE) and higher temperature SDS-PAGE. Then the subunit for each polypeptide spot was identified with the sequential immunodetection called a step-by-step detection method, making use of highly subunit-specific antibodies. The comparative analysis showed considerable variation in the accumulation level of A-type and B-type glutelin subunits and found unknown glutelin subunits that were unable to be identified with the antibodies used. Wild species accumulating a high amount of lysine-rich B-type glutelin subunits and unknown unique subunits were identified as they might play a crucial role in nutritional quality improvement of the cultivated rice.  相似文献   

Identification and validation of QTLs for cold tolerance at the booting stage and other agronomic traits in a rice cross of a Japanese tolerant variety,Hananomai, and a NERICA parent,WAB56-104     

Cornelius Mbathi Wainaina  Daigo Makihara  Mitsuru Nakamura  Akihiro Ikeda  Taro Suzuki  Yuko Mizukami 《Plant Production Science》2018,21(2):132-143

In Africa, cold temperatures occur in the highlands of East and Southern Africa and in some areas of the Sahel region of West Africa leading to substantial rice yield losses. Cold tolerance (CT) at booting stage on basis of spikelet fertility after cold water irrigation was evaluated using F₂ population derived from a cross between temperate japonica, Hananomai, and tropical japonica, WAB56-104. Two Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for CT were detected on chromosome 8 and 10 with enhanced effects on the trait coming from Hananomai and WAB56-104 allele, respectively. The QTLs explained 30% and 33% of phenotypic variation in spikelet fertility, respectively. CT was negatively correlated with panicle number (r = ?0.35, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with panicle weight (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). Selected BC₁F₄ and BC₁F₅ genotypes having homozygous alleles for both CT QTLs exhibited higher spikelet fertility under cold stress. The identified QTLs will be useful in the development of cold-tolerant varieties for production in high altitude areas through marker-assisted selection.  相似文献   

Genital mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium marinum detected in two captive sharks by peptide nucleic acid–fluorescence in situ hybridization     

Mari Inohana  Takeshi Komine  Yoshiaki Tanaka  Osamu Kurata  Shinpei Wada 《Journal of fish diseases》2023,46(1):47-59

Mycobacterium marinum is a prevalent nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM)-infecting teleosts. Conversely, little is known about mycobacteriosis in elasmobranchs, and M. marinum infection has never been reported from the subclass. This study investigated the histopathological characteristics and localization of this mycobacterium through molecular analysis of two captive sharks, a scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini and a Japanese bullhead shark Heterodontus japonicus, exhibited in the same aquarium tank. We detected genital mycobacteriosis caused by M. marinum infection using molecular analyses, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing targeting the 60 kDa heat-shock protein gene (hsp65), and peptide nucleic acid–fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA-FISH) targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Both sharks showed granulomas in connective tissues of the gonads without central necrosis or surrounding fibrous capsules, which is unlike the typical mycobacterial granulomas seen in teleosts. This study reveals that elasmobranchs can be aquatic hosts of M. marinum. Because M. marinum is a representative waterborne NTM and a potential zoonotic agent, cautious and intensive research is needed to overcome a lack of data on the relationship between NTM and the aquatic environment in association with this subclass of Chondrichthyes.  相似文献