Expression and distribution of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) in the gastrointestinal tract of calves     

Kirat D  Inoue H  Iwano H  Hirayama K  Yokota H  Taniyama H  Kato S 《Research in veterinary science》2005,79(1):45-50

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Acute haemorrhagic leucoencephalitis in a Californian sea lion (Zalophus californianus)     

Shibahara T  Sato K  Kato M  Takeda A  Yokota T  Ishikawa Y  Kadota K 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(9):270-272

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Generation of gut-homing IgA-secreting B cells by intestinal dendritic cells     

Mora JR  Iwata M  Eksteen B  Song SY  Junt T  Senman B  Otipoby KL  Yokota A  Takeuchi H  Ricciardi-Castagnoli P  Rajewsky K  Adams DH  von Andrian UH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5802):1157-1160

Normal intestinal mucosa contains abundant immunoglobulin A (IgA)-secreting cells, which are generated from B cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). We show that dendritic cells (DC) from GALT induce T cell-independent expression of IgA and gut-homing receptors on B cells. GALT-DC-derived retinoic acid (RA) alone conferred gut tropism but could not promote IgA secretion. However, RA potently synergized with GALT-DC-derived interleukin-6 (IL-6) or IL-5 to induce IgA secretion. Consequently, mice deficient in the RA precursor vitamin A lacked IgA-secreting cells in the small intestine. Thus, GALT-DC shape mucosal immunity by modulating B cell migration and effector activity through synergistically acting mediators.  相似文献   

Rice false smut pathogen, Ustilaginoidea virens, invades through small gap at the apex of a rice spikelet before heading   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Taketo Ashizawa  Mami Takahashi  Michiyoshi Arai  Tsutomu Arie 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2012,78(4):255-259

Ustilaginoidea virens, the false smut pathogen of rice, produces false smut balls on spikelets after heading. To clarify how the fungus invades spikelets during the booting stage, we developed a fungal strain that expresses a green fluorescent protein gene and injected conidia from this strain into rice sheaths. Observations at 48?h post-inoculation showed many conidia were present on spikelet surfaces, and the conidia had germinated and the hyphae have gradually grown by 120?h post-inoculation. By 144?h, hyphae had invaded spikelets through their apices, via the small gap between the lemma and palea and had already reached all floral organs.  相似文献   

Proteome analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in healthy beagles and canine encephalitis     

Nakamura K  Miyasho T  Nomura S  Yokota H  Nakade T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(6):751-756

We performed proteomics analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of healthy dogs and dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE). By comparing two-dimensional electrophoreses (2DE), an upregulated spot was found in MUE dogs. This protein was identified as a neuron-specific enolase (NSE) by analysis with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In comparing dot blots using an antibody against NSE, the NSE levels in the CSF of MUE dogs was significantly higher than that of the controls. NSE is a diagnostic marker of neuroendocrine tumors, brain injury and spinal cord trauma in humans. It seems that the NSE concentration in the CSF is increased by cellular destruction in canine encephalitis. Though elevation of NSE may not be specific in canine encephalitis because the NSE level was increased in other CNS diseases, further study including measurement with serum is necessary.  相似文献   

Effects of intravenous ghrelin injection on plasma growth hormone,insulin and glucose concentrations in calves at weaning     

Rika Fukumori  Takako Mita  Toshihisa Sugino  Yoshihisa Hasegawa  Masayasu Kojima  Kenji Kangawa  Taketo Obitsu  Kohzo Taniguchi 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(4):310-315

Ghrelin action, which stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion, may alter during the weaning period in calves. Our objective was to compare the effects of intravenous ghrelin injection on plasma GH, insulin and glucose concentrations in calves around the weaning period. Four Holstein bull calves were fed whole milk and allowed free access to solid feeds, and weaned at 7 weeks of age. Measurements were performed at weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11 and 13, when calves were intravenously injected with ghrelin (1.0 μg/kg body weight (BW)) through a catheter, and jugular blood samples were obtained temporally relative to the injection time. Estimated digestible energy intake per metabolic BW transiently decreased at week 7 because of low solid intake immediately after weaning, and thereafter gradually increased. Plasma insulin and glucose concentrations were not affected by ghrelin injection at all ages. In contrast, plasma GH concentrations increased with ghrelin injection at all ages. The incremental area of GH at week 7 was greatest and significantly higher compared with weeks 2, 4, 6 and 9. This result suggests that nutrient insufficiency immediately after weaning enhances GH responsiveness to ghrelin.  相似文献   

Ozone treatment of spent medium from Auricularia polytricha cultivation for enzymatic saccharification and subsequent ethanol production     

Denny Irawati  Yuya Takashima  Chisato Ueda  J. P. Gentur Sutapa  Sri Nugroho Marsoem  Futoshi Ishiguri  Kazuya Iizuka  Nobuo Yoshizawa  Shinso Yokota 《Journal of Wood Science》2013,59(6):522-527

We examined the enzymatic saccharification and ethanol fermentation of the spent media (SMs) from Auricularia polytricha cultivation using wood meals of Falcataria moluccana, Shorea sp., and Tectona grandis. Although the hydrolysis weight decrease and reducing sugar yield were higher in SM of F. moluccana, the ethanol yield was higher in SM of Shorea sp. Ozone treatment of SM further increased the hydrolysis weight decrease, reducing sugar, and ethanol yields in Shorea sp. These results indicate that SM of A. polytricha is a suitable biomass material to produce fermentable sugars for ethanol production, and that ozone treatment is a suitable method for increasing the ethanol yield.  相似文献   

Evaluating the rumen‐protected lysine stability in forage‐based total mixed rations in vitro and determining the lysine Brix value     

Saki Ishimaru  Mabrouk Elsabagh  Seiichi Saiki  Atsushi Haruno  Maki Nakamura  Hidetada Funo  Taketo Obitsu  Izuru Shinzato  Toshihisa Sugino 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(8):932-938

Three rumen‐protected lysine (RPL) products (AjiPro^®‐L, LysiPEARL^TM, and Feedtech Bypass Lysine^TM: A, B, and C, respectively) were tested for stability in two forage‐based total mixed rations (TMR1, 41.3% dry matter (DM), and TMR2, 49.5% DM) (experiment 1) and for Brix value (experiment 2). In experiment 1, each RPL product (2 g each) and TMR diet (200 g) were mixed and stored in plastic bags at 20°C for 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr. In experiment 2, each RPL product (2 g) was dispensed into ion‐exchanged water (20 ml) and kept at 20°C for 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr. At each time point, free lysine (Lys) content and Brix values of extracts were measured, and Lys release (LR, %) was calculated. All RPL products LR% varied with varying diets DM and increased with increasing of time exposed to diets; it was highest in C, followed by B, and then A. Water LR% positively correlated with that from diets and with Brix values of Lys dissociated in water. Our results indicated that Lys dissociation from RPL products is affected by diet DM content. Brix value may be used as a potential marker for RPL protection efficacy.  相似文献   

Contributions of the lipopolysaccharide outer core oligosaccharide region on the cell surface properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa     

Yokota S  Fujii N 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2007,30(2):97-109

We have characterized the cell surface properties of three mutant series of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that show various defects in their lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core region. The deepest rough mutants of each series used in this study lacked completely rhamnose and glucose, and contained only galactosamine and alanine as LPS outer core constituents. However, rough mutants other than the deepest rough mutants showed high cell surface hydrophobicity compared to the corresponding parental strains, the deepest rough mutants showed less hydrophobicity than other rough mutants. The reactivity of an anti-lipid A monoclonal antibody with the deepest rough mutants was markedly higher than that with other counterparts. The deepest rough mutants tended to be more susceptible to antibiotics, such as gentamicin and polymyxin B, than the corresponding parental strains and other rough mutants. The above evidence indicates that neutral sugar, namely rhamnose and glucose, residues of the LPS outer core region play a critical role in the cell surface properties of P. aeruginosa.  相似文献   

Study on sheet material made from zephyr strands V: Properties of zephyr strand board and zephyr strand lumber using the veneer of fast-growing species such as poplar   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yu-Jung Kim  Motoaki Okuma  Toshimine Yokota 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(6):438-443

Zephyr strand board (ZSB) and zephyr strand lumber (ZSL) were produced using zephyr made from poplar veneer to investigate the greater utilization of low-density poplar as a structural material. These materials were then compared to ordinary plywood, laminated veneer lumber (LVL) from poplar veneer, lauan plywood, and particleboard. The bending properties (moduli of rupture and elasticity) of ZSB proved superior to those of poplar plywood: and ZSL produced from poplar veneer zephyr had bending properties greater than ordinary LVL from poplar veneer. Apparently, the conversion of the poplar veneer into zephyr material had a positive effect on bending properties. Additionally, poplar ZSB had bending properties superior to those of lauan particleboard and equal to those of lauan plywood. The internal bond strength of poplar veneer ZSB was nearly two times greater than that of lauan particleboard.Parts of this report were presented at the international symposium on the utilization of fast-growing trees, Nanjing, China, October 1994. Report IV appeared inMokuzai Kogyo 49:599, 1994  相似文献