Comparative study between atropine and hyoscine-N-butylbromide for reversal of detomidine induced bradycardia in horses     

Pimenta EL  Teixeira Neto FJ  Sá PA  Pignaton W  Garofalo NA 《Equine veterinary journal》2011,43(3):332-340

Reasons for performing study: Bradycardia may be implicated as a cause of cardiovascular instability during anaesthesia. Hypothesis: Hyoscine would induce positive chronotropism of shorter duration than atropine, without adversely impairing intestinal motility in detomidine sedated horses. Methods: Ten minutes after detomidine (0.02 mg/kg bwt, i.v.), physiological saline (control), atropine (0.02 mg/kg bwt) or hyoscine (0.2 mg/kg bwt) were randomly administered i.v. to 6 horses, allowing one week intervals between treatments. Investigators blinded to the treatments monitored cardiopulmonary data and intestinal auscultation for 90 min and 24 h after detomidine, respectively. Gastrointestinal transit was assessed for 96 h via chromium detection in dry faeces. Results: Detomidine significantly decreased heart rate (HR) and cardiac index (CI) from baseline for 30 and 60 min, respectively (control). Mean ± s.d. HR increased significantly 5 min after atropine (79 ± 5 beats/min) and hyoscine (75 ± 8 beats/min). After this time, HR was significantly higher after atropine in comparison to other treatments, while hyoscine resulted in intermediate values (lower than atropine but higher than controls). Hyoscine and atropine resulted in significantly higher CI than controls for 5 and 20 min, respectively; but this effect coincided with significant hypertension (mean arterial pressures >180 mmHg). Auscultation scores decreased from baseline in all treatments. Time to return to auscultation scores ≥12 (medians) did not differ between hyoscine (4 h) and controls (4 h) but atropine resulted in significantly longer time (10 h). Atropine induced colic in one horse. Gastrointestinal transit times did not differ between treatments. Conclusion: Hyoscine is a shorter acting positive chronotropic agent than atropine, but does not potentiate the impairment in intestinal motility induced by detomidine. Because of severe hypertension, routine use of anticholinergics combined with detomidine is not recommended. Potencial relevance: Hyoscine may represent an alternative to atropine for treating bradycardia.  相似文献   

Characterization of semen collected by pharmacologically induced ejaculation from a stallion with seminal vesiculitis     

Thaís Mendes Sanches Cavalero  Lorenzo Garrido Teixeira M. Segabinazzi  Verônica Flores da Cunha Scheeren  Camila P. Freitas-Dell'Aqua  Frederico Ozanam Papa 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(12):1808-1811

The present study compared the quality of sperm collected by artificial vagina or pharmacologically induced ejaculation from a 10-year-old thoroughbred stallion with seminal vesiculitis. The pharmacological protocol involved intravenous administration of detomidine (0.01 mg/kg) and oxytocin (20 IU) and successfully induced ejaculation in all attempts of semen collection. Sperm motility, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity (PMAI), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) percentage, and bacterial profiles of fresh and cooled semen (5°C for 24 hr) were evaluated. Semen obtained by the pharmacological method presented reduced seminal volume, decreased PMN percentage and superior sperm motility in cooled samples. Moreover, higher PMAI and lower ROS levels were observed in semen collected by the pharmacological method. Therefore, pharmacologically induced ejaculation is an alternative to obtain semen with minimal contamination and with sperm of superior quality and longevity from stallions with seminal vesiculitis.  相似文献   

Computed tomographic and radiographic morphometric study of cardiac and coelomic dimensions in captive blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva,Linnaeus, 1758) with varying body condition scores     

Gisele J. dos Santos  Jeana P. da Silva  Alícia G. Hippólito  Bárbara S. Ferro  Elton Luís R. Oliveira  Priscylla Tatiana C. G. Okamoto  Maria Lucia G. Lourenço  Vania Maria de Vasconcelos Machado  Sheila C. Rahal  Carlos R. Teixeira  Alessandra Melchert 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(2):299-306

This study aimed to assess radiographic and tomographic cardiac parameters, including width and length of the heart, and the ratio of heart width to coelom width of blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) with varying body condition scores. Thirty-five captive birds were included in the study and were allocated into one of three groups according to their respective body condition score: lean, ideal and obese. No differences were observed among the groups with regard to radiographic and tomographic measurements. Computed tomography enabled better identification of the structures of the cardiovascular system without interference from the overlying structures of the celomatic cavity observed in radiographic images. However, radiographic examinations should still be considered the standard screening method to identify cardiac alterations, such as increased or reduced organ dimensions. Standardizing the techniques and measurements performed in this study may serve as a basis for further research in the field.  相似文献   

Effect of seed phosphorus concentration on nodulation and growth of three common bean cultivars     

Marcelo Grandi Teixeira  José Guilherme Marinho Guerra  Dejair Lopes de Almeida  Adelson Paulo Araújo  Avilio Antonio Franco 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1599-1611

Abstract

An experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to evaluate the effects of seed phosphorus (P) concentration on growth, nodulation, and nitrogen (N) and P accumulation of three common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. Seeds were produced under low or high soil P levels, and soaked, or not, in 200 mM KH₂PO₄ solution. The experiment had a 3×3×2×2 factorial block design: three cultivars (ICA Col 10103, Carioca and Honduras 35), three levels of applied P (15, 30 and 45 mg P kg^?1 soil), two native seed P concentrations, and two seed soaking treatments. Plants were harvested at flowering. Soaked seeds increased the number, dry mass and P content of nodules, but did not affect plant growth. Plants originated from seeds with high native P concentration presented higher shoot dry mass and nodule number and mass at every soil P level, and were less responsive to increased soil P supply, than plants from low seed P. In plants from seeds with high P, soil P levels did not alter significantly root dry mass, while in plants from seeds with low P bean cultivars expressed wider differences in root dry mass. The genotypic variability of nodulation was influenced by soil P levels and seed P concentration. Both higher soil or seed P supply enhanced N and P accumulation in shoots. These results indicate that a high seed P concentration produces plants less dependent on soil P supply, and can enhance nodulation and N₂ fixation of common bean. Seed P supply affected the cultivar performance, and should be considered in evaluation of bean genotypes.  相似文献   

Impacts of the nitrogen application on productivity and nutrients concentrations of the corn-Congo grass intercropping system in the dry season     

Karina Batista  Alessandra Aparecida Giacomini  Luciana Gerdes  Waldssimiler Teixeira De Mattos  Ivani Pozar Otsuk 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(7):567-577

ABSTRACT

The corn-grass intercropping system began to be used in the dry season, as it provides increased straw production for the no-tillage system. However, corn and grass are plants demanding in nitrogen. The corn cultivated in the dry season is called out-of-season corn in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and nutrients concentrations of out-of-season corn and Congo-grass intercropped in the no-tillage system, as a function of the nitrogen rates applied in sidedressing. The treatments were four nitrogen rates, 0, 30, 60 and 90?kg?ha^?1. The experimental design was randomised complete blocks with four replicates. The experimental period corresponded to the harvests of 2015 and 2016. There were evaluated: corn grain yield, dry mass production and nutrient concentration in the shoots of the plants intercropped. The evaluations were carried out at the physiological maturity stage of the corn and at the time of desiccation of the grass. Nitrogen increased grain yield and dry mass production of the plants intercropped. Nitrogen maximised the magnesium concentration in out-of-season corn and the nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and sulphur concentrations in Congo grass. Excess nitrogen promoted reduction of the phosphorus in the Corn-Congo grass intercropping system in the dry season.  相似文献   

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici races and their genetic discrimination by molecular markers in West Mediterranean region of Turkey     

Ö. Baysal  M. Siragusa  H. İkten  İ. Polat  E. Gümrükcü  F. Yigit  F. Carimi  J.A. Teixeira da Silva 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2009,74(1):68-75

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) races and F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL), the causal agents of root rot and crown rot diseases, respectively, cause serious economic losses in tomato greenhouses where production is intensive in the West Mediterranean region of Turkey. The isolates were collected from West Mediterranean region of Turkey and were characterized by specific primers based on three races (r1, r2, r3), besides pathogenicity tests in in vivo conditions Additionally, a scheme was developed using newly tested ISSR and SRAP markers to a genotyping database and to determine the possible origin of these pathogens. The present study provided new information on these pathogens based on their races and their dominant existence in this region that has not been reported before. Genetic diversity detected in the same races of the pathogen may be associated with difficulties in controlling the pathogen and a possible resistance formation effort exerted by the pathogen to chemicals used in plant protection in tomato greenhouses. Molecular analyses indicated genetic diversity in pathogen isolates identified as r3, r2 and FORL, which may be associated with abiotic stress to which the pathogens were exposed.  相似文献   

Linalool production from the leaves of Bursera aloexylon and its antimicrobial activity     

Queiroga CL  Duarte MC  Ribeiro BB  de Magalhães PM 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(4):327-328

The oil of the leaves of Bursera aloexylon was found to contain a high linalool level (96.7 %). The antimicrobial activity tests indicated that the oil was effective against Rhodococcus equi (0.60 mg/ml) and Staphylococcus epidermides (0.15 mg/ml).  相似文献   

Strategy to identify resistance to white mould associated with high yield for irrigated common bean in Brazil     

Renan C. Lima  Pablo H. Teixeira  Ari F. F. Souza  Trazilbo J. Paula Júnior  Hudson Teixeira  Miller S. Lehner  José E. S. Carneiro  Tiago S. Marçal  Rogerio F. Vieira 《Plant pathology》2020,69(6):1172-1184

Development of common bean cultivars with partial white mould resistance through breeding techniques has been a challenge in Brazil. As yet, lines/cultivars from breeding programmes have not been investigated for resistance; therefore, this study screened 107 lines/cultivars for their reactions to white mould in 14 preliminary trials conducted under irrigation. Thirteen resistant lines/cultivars (three of Andean origin) and six Mesoamerican cultivars (three intermediately resistant and three susceptible) were selected for further investigation. These lines/cultivars and the resistant control A195 were evaluated in six advanced trials and two straw tests to assess the effectiveness of the screening procedure. In 11 preliminary trials, screenings were performed under moderate/high or higher disease pressure. These pressures occurred in two advanced trials in which, when yields were averaged across moderate/high and high pressures, 10 Mesoamerican lines/cultivars selected for resistance yielded 14%, 23%, and 38% more than intermediately resistant cultivars, A195, and susceptible cultivars, with median disease ratings (1–9 scale) of 4.5, 5.7, 5.7, and 6.7, respectively. In the straw test, three Andean lines/cultivars (A195 included) and two susceptible cultivars in the field were among those with the highest levels of physiological resistance. Thus, field rating under high disease pressure and greenhouse rating did not correlate significantly, suggesting that field trials are critical to evaluating resistance and to identifying high-yielding beans. Therefore, lines/cultivars from breeding programmes assessed in field trials may provide a low cost and fast way to identify high-yielding bean cultivars with partial resistance to white mould in the subtropical southern hemisphere.  相似文献   

Inheritance of Aluminum Tolerance and its Effects on Grain Yield and Grain Quality in Oats (Avena Sativa L.)     

Itamar Cristiano Nava  Carla Andréa Delatorre  Ismael T. de Lima Duarte  Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco  Luiz Carlos Federizzi 《Euphytica》2006,148(3):353-358

Summary Aluminum toxicity due to the cation Al⁺³ is a major factor limiting yields in acid soils. Wide genetic variability to aluminum tolerance is found in oat genotypes. The objectives of this study were to determine the number of genes controlling aluminum tolerance in oats and to verify if any detrimental effects were present of the aluminum tolerance genes on grain yield and grain quality in Al⁺³free soils. Aluminum tolerance was estimated as the average regrowth of the main root after exposure to toxic levels of Al⁺³ in a hydroponic solution under controlled conditions. The number of genes controlling that trait was estimated from the distribution of the average root regrowth frequencies in a population of 333 recombinant inbred lines (RIL's) in generations F_5:6 and F_5:7. The effects on grain yield and grain quality were assessed in a subpopulation of 162 RIL's chosen based on their aluminum tolerance response. Aluminum tolerance in the evaluated population was controlled by one dominant major gene with the tolerant genotypes carying Al _a Al _a and the sensitive ones al _a al _a alleles. No detrimental effects of the Al _a allele on grain yield or grain quality were detected.Part of the Master of Science dissertation of the first author  相似文献   

Molecular markers useful to discriminate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coffea arabica</Emphasis> cultivars with high genetic similarity     

Tiago Vieira Sousa  Eveline Teixeira Caixeta  Emilly Ruas Alkimim  Antonio Carlos Baião de Oliveira  Antonio Alves Pereira  Laércio Zambolim  Ney Sussumu Sakiyama 《Euphytica》2017,213(3):75

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