Production analysis of broiler farming in central Punjab,Pakistan     

Rahman  Naeem Ur  Mehmood  Shahid  Ahmad  Sohail  Javid  Arshad  Mahmud  Athar  Hussain  Jibran  Shaheen  Muhammad Shabir  Usman  Muhammad  Mohayud Din Hashmi  Syed Ghulam 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(3):1125-1131

Tropical Animal Health and Production - This study examined the analysis of personal and production performance of broiler farming in 10 cities of central Punjab (Lahore, Sheikhupura, Kasur, Okara,...  相似文献   

Combined Application of Biochar and Biocontrol Agents Enhances Plant Growth and Activates Resistance Against Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato     

Arshad  Usman  Azeem  Farrukh  Mustafa  Ghulam  Bakhsh  Allah  Toktay  Halil  McGiffen  Milt  Nawaz  Muhammad Amjad  Naveed  Muhammad  Ali  Muhammad Amjad 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2021,73(4):591-601

Gesunde Pflanzen - Biochar (BC) is known to enhance plant growth and may activate plant resistance to various soil borne pathogens. In this experiment, the rice husk (RH) BC was combined with...  相似文献   

Comparative aspects of immunity and vaccination in human and bovine trichomoniasis: a review     

Aspinas Chapwanya  Abubakar Yusha’u Usman  Pete Charles Irons 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(1):1-7

  相似文献   

Incidence of liver fluke infections (Fasciola gigantica andDicrocoelium hospes) in ruminants in northern Nigeria     

T. W. Schillhorn van Veen  D. O. B. Folaranmi  S. Usman  T. Ishaya 《Tropical animal health and production》1980,12(2):97-104

Summary One thousand and twenty-four cattle, 550 sheep and 1,748 goats slaughtered in a rural slaughter slab during 1973 to 1975 were examined for evidence of liverfluke infections. The prevalence rate ofFasciola gigantica andDicrocoelium hospes infections was respectively 65.4% and 56.0% in cattle, 40.8 and 13.1% in sheep and 17.6 and 5.2% in goats. Other trematodes detected wereSchistosoma bovis and paramphistomes. The seasonal incidence ofF. gigantica as well as ofD. hospes was highest during and directly after the rainy season. The lower prevalence rate ofF. gigantica, especially in the younger animals, during 1973–1974 was thought to be related to the 1973 drought. This was supported by the low prevalence rate in the long-range trade cattle which originated from drier areas. The results are discussed in relation to the climatic conditions during the survey period, as well as to the difference in epidemiology ofF. gigantica andD. hospes infections in northern Nigeria.

---

Incidencia De Infecciones Por Distoma Hepatioc (Fasciola Gigantica Y Dicrocoelium Hospes) En Rumiantes En El Norte De Nigeria

Resumen Con el propósito de estudiar la prevalencia e incidencia de infecciones por fasciola, se examination 1.024 bovinos, 550 ovinos y 1.748 caprinos, en un matadero—laboratorio en el norte de Nigeria. El estudio tuvo lugar en el año 1973 y se prolongó en el 74 y 75. La tasa de prevalencia de las infecciones porFasciola hepatica y Dicrocoelium hospes fue respectivamente 65.4% y 56.0% en bovinos, 40.8% y 13.1% en ovinos y 17.6% y 5.3% en caprinos. Otros tremàtodos encontrados fueronSchistosoma bovis y paranfistomus.La incidencia estacional deF. gigantica y deD. hospes fue alta durante y directamente despues de la estación lluviosa. La tasa de prevalencia más baja deF. gigantica especialmente en animales pequeños, durante 1973 y 74, parece estuvo relacionada con la seuía de 1973. La prevalencia baja encontrada en ganado comercial proveniente de regiones más secas, le dá fuerza a esta hipótesis.Los resultados se discuten en relación con las condiciones climáticas encontradas durante la encuesta y a las diferencias epidemiológicas deF. gigantic yD. hospes en el norte de Nigeria.

---

Incidence De La Distomatose (Fasciola Gigantica EtDicrocoelium Hospes) Chez Les Ruminants De Nigeria Du Nord

Résumé 1 024 bovins, 550 moutons et 1 748 chèvres abattus dans les abattoirs ruraux de 1973 à 1975 ont été examinés pour l'étude des affections hépatiques à trématodes. La répartition moyenne des infections àFasciola gigantica et àDicrocoelium hospes a respectivement été de 65,4 p. 100 et 56 p. 100 chez les bovins, de 40,8 p. 100 et de 13,1 p. 100 chez les moutons, et de 17,6 p. 100 et 5,2 p. 100 chez les chèvres. Les autres trématodes mis en évidence ont étéSchistosoma bovis ainsi que des paramphistomes. L'incidence saisonnière deFasciola gigantica tout comme celle deDicrocoelium hospes a été plus élevée durant et directement après la saison des pluies. Le niveau plus bas deFasciola gigantica spécialement chez les animaux les plus jeunes durant 1973–1974 paraît être en relation avec la sécheresse de 1973, de qui semble être confirmé par le taux peu élevé observé chez le bétail de commerce originaire des régions les plus sèches.Les résultats observés sont discutés en relation avec les conditions climatiques dominantes durant la période de l'enquête aussi bien qu'en fonction des différences épidémiologiques des infections àFasciola gigantica etDicrocoelium hospes en Nigeria du Nord.

  相似文献   

Molecular confirmation of candidate Hsp70 gene associated with heat tolerance in BC3F2 advanced backcross lines and their phenotypic resemblance with recurrent chilli Kulai     

Magaji G. Usman  Oladosu Yusuff  Mohammad Y. Martini  Mohd R. Ismail  Raihana Ridzuan 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(3):252-264

ABSTRACT

Domestic production of chilli in Malaysia is insufficient which accounted for 52% self-sufficiency level. Poor performance of local varieties under high temperatures above 42°C is one of the major factors affecting chilli production. This study was conducted with the objective of introgress heat-tolerant gene (Hsps) from AVPP0702 donor into Kulai using marker-assisted backcrossing. A total of 68 SSR markers, including Hsp linked markers that showed polymorphism between the parents were used to assess the generation of backcrossing; BC1F1, BC2F1, BC3F1 and BC3F2 and the average RPG percentage of the recurrent parent was found to be 81, 90, 95 and 97%, respectively. The pattern of Hsp expression in the backcross generations was similar to the donor parent (upregulated with more than 4-fold increase). Twelve improved heat tolerant chilli lines were developed. Most of the morphological and agronomical traits were recovered in the selected improved heat-tolerant genotypes from Kulai such as plant height, number of days to 50% flowering, number of fruits, fruit length and total fruit yield per plant. Improved high-yielding heat-tolerant chilli lines showed tolerance to high temperature as well as did not express any negative effect on agronomic traits in comparison with Kulai variety.  相似文献   

RT-PCR evaluation for identification and sequence analysis of foot-and-mouth disease serotype O from 2006 to 2007 in Punjab, Pakistan     

Ali Saeed  Qaiser Mahmood Khan Usman Waheed  Memoona Arshad Muhammad Asif  Muhammad Farooq 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(2):95-101

FMD clinically positive 250 tissue samples (mouth and hoof epithelium and vesicle swabs, tongue tissue) and 175 secretion samples (milk, saliva, serum, plasma) were evaluated by RT-PCR for the diagnosis of FMD with different pair of universal and serotype-specific primers from 2006 to 2007 in Punjab, Pakistan. Universal primer pair P1/P2 from VP1 gene detected FMD in 182 out of 250 (72.8%) tissues and 92 out of 175 (52.6%) secretion samples, while universal primer 1F/1R from 5′UTR region detected FMD in 218 out of 250 (87.2%) tissues and 142 out of 175 (81.1%) secretion samples. 1F/1R proved better than the P1/P2 primer pair for primary diagnosis of FMD, direct from the clinical positive samples. Direct sequencing of the universal primer pair P1/P2 revealed that O serotype of FMD was circulating in this region. O serotype of FMD was detected with O-1C(ARS4)/PNK 61, AU(O)/AU(rev), AU(O)/PNK61 primer pairs, these primer pairs also compared with each other. AU(O)/AU(rev) and AU(O)/PNK61 detected O serotype of FMD in 88.9% tissue and swab (mouth and hoof vesicle swabs) samples and 71.9% different secretion (milk, saliva, serum, plasma) samples, while O-1C(ARS4)/PNK 61 detected 48.1% tissue and swab (mouth and hoof vesicle swabs) samples and 37.5% different secretion (milk, saliva, serum, plasma) samples. AU(O)/AU(rev), AU(O)/PNK61 primer pairs detected 40.8% more tissue and swab samples, while these pairs detected 34.4% more secretion samples. Cloning of PCR product of AU(O)/AU(rev) VP1 gene and sequencing for phylogenetic studies revealed that O serotype of FMD circulating in Punjab, Pakistan was genetically very diverse from the ‘O’ serotype in Middle East and Europe. The dendrogram showed that Pakistan ‘O’ serotype was very much similar genetically to its neighbor countries (Sri Lanka, India, Iran, Iraq, and China) and PanAsia 1 lineage which caused 2001-outbreak in UK and 1994-outbreak in Saudi Arabia, etc.  相似文献   

Grazing by nematodes on rhizosphere bacteria enhances nitrate and phosphorus availability to Pinus pinaster seedlings     

Usman Irshad  Cécile Villenave  Claude Plassard 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(10):2121-2126

The microbial loop is thought to play a major role in the mineralization of nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in terrestrial ecosystems. This microbial loop is based on the grazing of bacteria by predators such as bacterial-feeding nematodes. However, little is known about the impact of grazing by nematodes on the mineral nutrition of woody plants. This study was undertaken to quantify the effect of nematode grazing on bacteria in the rhizosphere on the root architecture, growth and mineral nutrition (N and P) of a woody species (Pinus pinaster). Young P. pinaster seedlings were cultivated for 35 days in a simplified sterile experimental system with bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and bacterivorous nematodes (Rhabditis sp.) isolated from soil samples collected from a 15-year old stand of maritime pine. To check the hypothesis that bacteria could be a source of nutrients, especially N, two N sources were supplied in the medium: (i) bacterial N labeled with ¹⁵N and (ii) nitrate. Phosphorus was supplied as insoluble inorganic tri-calcium phosphate (TCP). The results showed that the ¹⁵N flow from the bacteria to the plant shoots was only significant when nematodes were present, with an average accumulation of 14 ± 5 μg plant⁻¹ of ¹⁵N. Plants cultivated with nematodes also accumulated significantly more total N in their shoots than sterile ones or inoculated with bacteria, resulting in a net average increase in N of 700 μg plant⁻¹. The same result was observed for the total P accumulation in the shoots, as plants with nematodes accumulated an average of 300 μg plant⁻¹ more P than sterile ones or inoculated with bacteria. However, the presence of bacteria, whether alone or with nematodes, did not modify the root architecture. These results demonstrated that the presence of bacterial-feeding nematodes significantly enhanced N and P availability to P. pinaster seedlings, probably by improving plant use of nitrate and insoluble P supplied in the medium.  相似文献   

Isolation of enterotoxigenic strains of staphylococci from dogs     

A.A. Adesiyun  B. Usman 《Veterinary microbiology》1983,8(5):459-468

The ability of 309 staphylococcal isolates from household dogs to produce enterotoxin, coagulase, thermonuclease and hemolysin was investigated. A total of 52 (16.8%) isolates from 45 out of 150 dogs examined were enterotoxigenic when tested for enterotoxin types A, B and C. Based on sites sampled, 33 (20.5%) out of 161 isolates from the anterior nares were enterotoxigenic while from dorsal skins 19 (12.8%) out of 148 isolates were enterotoxigenic. Staphylococcal enterotoxin C(SEC) was predominantly produced as 21 (6.8%) isolates elaborated it and also accounted for 40.4% of all enterotoxins produced by isolates. Staphylococcal enterotoxins A(SEA) and B(SEB) were produced by 10 (3.2%) and 16 (5.2%) strains, respectively. Mixed enterotoxin types AB, AC and BC were produced by 1,3 and 1 strains, respectively. With human plasma, 17.1% of coagulase-positive and 15.0% of coagulase-negative strains were enterotoxigenic. However, using canine plasma, 19.1% and 6.9% of the coagulase-positive and negative isolates, respectively, were enterotoxigenic. The incidence of enterotoxigenicity was 16.9% amongst thermonuclease-positive isolates and 16.3% for thermonuclease-negative strains.Alpha hemolysin was predominantly produced by 180 (60.2%) isolates and 19.9% of these were enterotoxigenic. Beta hemolysin was produced by 36 (11.7%) isolates with 13.9% enterotoxigenic, while 87 (28.2%) exhibited gamma hemolytic pattern amongst which 11.5% were enterotoxigenic.Based on data provided on coagulation of human and canine plasmas and hemolytic patterns, it is concluded that a large proportion of canine isolates from this environment are not of canine biotypes, but are most probably human biotypes.  相似文献   

Variance components,correlation and path analyses in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L., Walp)     

Aliyu  Olawale Mashood  Tiamiyu  Adeyemi Odunola  Usman  Muinat  Abdulkareem  Yusuf Folorunsho 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2022,25(2):173-182

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Cowpea as a low-input crop has a potential to significantly ameliorate poor nutrition and food insecurity in sub-Sahara Africa if problem of poor seed...  相似文献   

Incorporation of estradiol benzoate to CIDR protocol improves the reproductive responses in crossbred dairy heifers     

Muhammad Usman Mehmood  Ahmad Qamar  Abdul Sattar  Liaquat Ahmad  Nasim Ahmad 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(2):347-351

The present study was designed to determine the effect of estradiol benzoate (EB) on reproductive response following a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol in crossbred (Sahiwal × Friesian) dairy heifers. In the first trial, a total of 100 crossbred dairy heifers were treated with CIDR protocol for 7 days and injected with the PGF_2α on day 6. After 24 h of CIDR removal, one group (EB?=?50) was injected with estradiol benzoate whereas the other (control?=?50) remained untreated. Estrus intensity and response were recorded visually and ovulation rate was recorded by ultrasonography. All heifers were artificially inseminated at 48 and 60 h following CIDR removal. Heifers were scanned for pregnancy within days 30–40 of artificial insemination (AI). In the second trial, two subgroups of heifers were included to observe the estrus and ovulatory events. The results of the first trial revealed that estrus response was achieved 100% in both the treatment groups. Estrus intensity (2.9?±?0.1 vs. 2.0?±?0.7) and ovulation rate (100 vs. 88%) differed significantly (P?<?0.05) between the EB and control groups. However, a tendency for higher pregnancy per AI was observed (54 vs. 36%; P?=?0.07) in EB than that in control groups. The results of the second trial revealed that a significantly (P?<?0.05) shorter estrus and earlier ovulatory events were observed in EB-treated heifers. It is concluded that the incorporation of estradiol benzoate to the CIDR protocol is helpful to improve the estrus signs and enhance the ovulation and the pregnancy per AI in crossbred dairy heifers.  相似文献