Land-based evolution     

Valentine JW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,260(5105):244-245

  相似文献   

Molecular biology of osmoregulation     

Le Rudulier D  Strom AR  Dandekar AM  Smith LT  Valentine RC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,224(4653):1064-1068

The drought of 1983 resulted in some 10 billion dollars in agricultural losses and has focused attention on the vulnerability of our major crops to this devastating form of environmental stress. This article is concerned with the molecular biology of a new class of genes, called osm (osmotic tolerance) genes, that protect bacteria like Escherichia coli against osmotic stress and may work in a similar manner in plants and animals. Osm genes govern the production of a class of molecules, such as betaine and proline, that protect the cell and its constituents against dehydration. These osmoprotectant molecules have been known for many years to accumulate in plants but have only recently been shown to have potent antistress activity for bacteria.  相似文献   

Anatomic and volumetric characterization of the cisterna chyli using CT lymphangiography and computer‐assisted design software in dogs with idiopathic chylothorax     

Jose L. Carvajal  J. Brad Case  Federico Vilaplana Grosso  Elizabeth Huynh  Valentine Verpaalen  Alexander Fox‐Alvarez  Penny J. Regier 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2020,61(3):312-321

The objectives of this retrospective, observational study were to characterize the anatomical features of the cisterna chyli (CC) in a cohort of dogs diagnosed with idiopathic chylothorax that underwent CT lymphangiography (CTLa), and to evaluate the feasibility of computer‐assisted design (CAD) software to quantify volumetric measurements of the CC. Twenty‐three client‐owned dogs with idiopathic chylothorax were included. Additionally, CTLa was performed in three canine cadavers to assess the ability of CAD software to accurately acquire volumetric measurements. Injection sites, attenuation values, anatomic location, dimensions, and aortic diameter to CC ratio (Ao:CC) were recorded. Video records of video‐assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) thoracic duct ligation (TDL) were reviewed in eight out of 23 dogs to compare operative and CTLa findings. The CC was dorsal and right‐sided in 18 out of 23 dogs, located between L1 and L4 in 21 dogs, and extended as far cranially as T11 in two dogs. The median measurements for length, height, and width were 150.0, 5.5, and 13.3 mm, respectively. Median total volume was 1.82 mL. Median volumes to the right and left of the aorta were 1.46 and 0.49 mL, respectively (P = .014). Median total CC volume to body weight ratio (CC:bw) was 0.07 mL/kg. The presence of an intrathoracic CC was observed intraoperatively in six out of eight cases that underwent VATS TDL. Findings supported the use of CTLa and CAD as feasible methods for characterizing the CC in dogs diagnosed with chylothorax. These methods may facilitate interventional planning involving the CC such as embolization.  相似文献   

A cost comparison of more and less nutritious food choices in US supermarkets     

Katz DL  Doughty K  Njike V  Treu JA  Reynolds J  Walker J  Smith E  Katz C 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(9):1693-1699

  相似文献   

Equine motor neuron disease; a preliminary report   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J F Cummings  A de Lahunta  C George  L Fuhrer  B A Valentine  B J Cooper  B A Summers  C R Huxtable  H O Mohammed 《The Cornell veterinarian》1990,80(4):357-379

A spontaneous motor neuron disease or neuronopathy was identified in 10 horses from the northeastern United States. Signs of generalized weakness, muscle fasciculations, muscle atrophy and weight loss progressed over 1 to several months in young and old horses of various breeds. Pathologic studies revealed that degeneration and loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem resulted in axonal degeneration in the ventral roots and peripheral and cranial nerves and denervation atrophy of skeletal muscle. Many spinal neurons were swollen, chromatolytic and contained neurofilamentous accumulations. Other cell bodies were shrunken and undergoing neuronophagia and some were lost and replaced by glia. This fatal equine motor neuron disease has not been reported previously and its cause has not been determined. The progressive weakness and wasting and the neuronal degenerative changes in these horses were similar to those described in people with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.  相似文献   

Role of dietary carbohydrate and fat in horses with equine polysaccharide storage myopathy.     

B A Valentine  R J Van Saun  K N Thompson  H F Hintz 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,219(11):1537-1544

  相似文献   

Hypertonic saline/dextran resuscitation of dogs with experimentally induced gastric dilatation-volvulus shock.     

D A Allen  E R Schertel  W W Muir  A K Valentine 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(1):92-96

We investigated small-volume (5 ml/kg) 7% NaCl in 6% dextran 70 (HS/D70) as an alternative to large-volume (60 ml/kg) 0.9% NaCl for treatment of experimentally induced canine gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) shock. The stomach was surgically displaced and then distended with an intragastric balloon in 11 dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital. All dogs were subjected to GDV for 180 minutes before partial decompression and resuscitation. Hemodynamic values, blood gas values, and plasma volume were measured during control, shock, and resuscitation periods. Resuscitation started with 1 group (n = 6) receiving 5 ml of HS/D70/kg, iv, over 5 minutes, and the other group (n = 5) receiving 60 ml of 0.9% NaCl/kg, IV, over 60 minutes. Both groups received a surgical maintenance dosage (20 ml/kg/h) of 0.9% NaCl after initial resuscitation. Resuscitative effects of small-volume HS/D70 were similar to large-volume 0.9% NaCl during the first hour of treatment; however, cardiac output was significantly higher in the HS/D70 group for the last 2 hours of resuscitation. Changes in heart rate, left ventricular pressure change, and systemic vascular resistance appeared to be responsible for improved perfusion. Mixed venous oxygen partial pressure data supported improved perfusion in the HS/D70 group. Packed cell volume remained higher in the HS/D70 group, indicating less hemodilution and improved oxygen delivery. Resuscitation of this GDV-induced shock model was better sustained with small-volume HS/D70, compared with conventional large-volume 0.9% NaCl.  相似文献   

Fatal gastrointestinal parasitism in goats: 31 cases (2001-2006)     

Valentine BA  Cebra CK  Taylor GH 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(7):1098-1103

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate signalment, history, clinical and pathologic findings, and seasonal weather patterns in association with fatal gastrointestinal parasitism in goats. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 152 goats that were > 1 day of age. PROCEDURES: Characteristics including age and counts of coccidia oocysts and trichostrongyle ova (eggs) per gram of feces (EPG) in goats that died because of gastrointestinal parasitism and goats that died because of other causes were compared. Weather data and annual incidence of caprine fatal gastrointestinal parasitism were investigated. RESULTS: Death was attributed to gastrointestinal parasitism in 31 of 152 (20%) goats (median age, 5 months; range, 1 month to 7 years); deaths were attributed to coccidiosis (n = 7 goats; median age, 4 months; median EPG, 2,225), trichostrongylosis (6 goats; median age, 1.25 years; median EPG, 3,700), or dual infection (18 goats; median age, 6.7 months; median EPG, 8,088 coccidia and 5,475 trichostrongyles). Sudden onset of weakness or death was a common historical finding; diarrhea was evident in 15 goats. Common postmortem findings in these goats included cachexia, tissue pallor, poorly formed feces, and mesenteric lymphadenomegaly. Wet weather in spring and summer was associated with increased annual incidence of fatal gastrointestinal parasitism in goats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Gastrointestinal parasitism is an important cause of death in goats. Clinical signs may not develop until just prior to death, and diagnosis is achieved via parasitologic evaluation of feces and necropsy. Seasonal weather patterns should be considered on an annual basis when designing parasite control programs for goats.  相似文献   

A comparison of microscopic ink characteristics of 35 commercially available surgical margin inks     

Milan Milovancev DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Christiane V. Löhr DVM  Diplomate ACVP  Robert J. Bildfell DVM  Diplomate ACVP  Howard B. Gelberg DVM  Diplomate ACVP  Jerry R. Heidel DVM  Diplomate ACVP  PhD  Beth A. Valentine DVM  Diplomate ACVP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(8):901-908

  相似文献   

Multifractal properties of porosity as calculated from computed tomography (CT) images of a sandy soil,in relation to soil gas diffusion and linked soil physical properties     

J. A. Lafond  L. Han  S. E. Allaire  P. Dutilleul 《European Journal of Soil Science》2012,63(6):861-873

  相似文献