全文获取类型
收费全文 | 833篇 |
免费 | 78篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 88篇 |
农学 | 29篇 |
基础科学 | 12篇 |
211篇 | |
综合类 | 37篇 |
农作物 | 27篇 |
水产渔业 | 100篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 299篇 |
园艺 | 13篇 |
植物保护 | 95篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 48篇 |
2019年 | 67篇 |
2018年 | 46篇 |
2017年 | 41篇 |
2016年 | 49篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 31篇 |
2013年 | 56篇 |
2012年 | 71篇 |
2011年 | 68篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 30篇 |
2008年 | 53篇 |
2007年 | 47篇 |
2006年 | 23篇 |
2005年 | 31篇 |
2004年 | 45篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 16篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有911条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
Selective modification of clay minerals for the adsorption of herbicides widely used in olive groves
Celis R Trigo C Facenda G Hermosín Mdel C Cornejo J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(16):6650-6658
Ground and surface water contamination by herbicides applied to olive groves in Spain and other Mediterranean countries is demanding strategies to prevent and remediate the environmental problems repeatedly caused by such herbicides. In this study, six different organic cations (L-carnitine, spermine, hexadimethrine, tyramine, phenyltrimethylammonium, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium) were incorporated into Na-rich Wyoming montmorillonite (SWy-2) and Ca-rich Arizona montmorillonite (SAz-1) at two different loadings (50% and 100% of the cation exchange capacity of the clays) as a strategy to enhance the affinity of the clay minerals for three herbicides widely used in olive groves: terbuthylazine, diuron, and MCPA. The modified montmorillonites were characterized and tested as adsorbents of the herbicides through batch adsorption tests. At the experimental conditions used, some of the modified montmorillonites removed more than 95% of the herbicide initially present in aqueous solution, whereas the unmodified clays removed less than 15%. All three herbicides displayed very strong affinities for SAz-1 exchanged with hexadecyltrimethylammonium cations, particularly when these were incorporated at 100% of the cation exchange capacity of the clay mineral. Terbuthylazine and diuron also displayed very strong affinities for SWy-2 exchanged with L-carnitine and spermine, respectively. The chemical characteristics of the organic cation greatly influenced the adsorptive properties of the resultant organoclay. The herbicides were in general reversibly adsorbed by the modified clays. The results indicate that some of the tested modified clays could be suitable for the removal of the assayed herbicides from contaminated water and also as possible supports for the design of slow release formulations of such herbicides to attenuate their environmental impact when used in high-risk scenarios such as olive groves. 相似文献
33.
Hydroxytyrosol and other olive biophenols (OBPs) such as tyrosol, verbascoside, apigenin-7-glucoside, and alpha-taxifolin have been extracted from alperujo by using static-dynamic superheated liquids. Multivariate methodology has been used to carry out a detailed optimization of the extraction. Under the optimal working conditions no further extraction of the target analytes was achieved after 27 min (up to 2800 and 1500 mg/kg of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, respectively), so complete removal of them within this interval was assumed. The extract was injected into a chromatograph-photodiode array detector assembly for individual separation-quantification. The efficacy of ethanol/water mixtures to extract OBPs from alperujo has been demonstrated and compared with that of a conventional stirring-based method. These less toxic extractant mixtures are of interest with a view to future human uses of OBPs. 相似文献
34.
Macarisin D Cohen L Eick A Rafael G Belausov E Wisniewski M Droby S 《Phytopathology》2007,97(11):1491-1500
ABSTRACT During the infection of citrus fruit by Penicillium digitatum there is little evidence of a host defense response. This suggests that P. digitatum has the ability to suppress host defenses. The current study demonstrates that P. digitatum suppresses a defense-related hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) burst in host tissue. In contrast, the nonhost pathogen, Penicillium expansum, triggers production of a significant amount of H(2)O(2) in citrus fruit exocarp. Using laser scanning confocal microscopy, we demonstrated that P. digitatum suppressed an elevation in H(2)O(2) up to 42 h after inoculation. Nevertheless, H(2)O(2) levels around wounds inoculated with P. expansum increased by 63-fold above the control. P. digitatum continued to suppress H(2)O(2) production in citrus fruit exocarp up to 66 h postinoculation and H(2)O(2) levels were actually threefold below that of noninoculated controls. In contrast, the H(2)O(2) level was still about 11-fold above the control value in wound sites inoculated with P. expansum. Studies on the effect of organic acids (as pH modulators) on the response of citrus fruit to compatible and noncompatible pathogens indicated that pathogenicity was enhanced only when host-tissue acidification was accompanied by the suppression of H(2)O(2). Additionally, pathogenicity of both P. digitatum and P. expansum on citrus fruit was significantly enhanced by the H(2)O(2)-scavenging enzyme catalase. Based on our study and previous reports regarding the potential involvement of citric acid and catalase in green mold pathogenesis, we suggest that these compounds are strongly associated with the virulence of P. digitatum. 相似文献
35.
Acevedo Manuel Rubilar Rafael Dumroese R. Kasten Ovalle Juan F. Sandoval Simón Chassin-Trubert Rodrigo 《New Forests》2021,52(1):31-46
New Forests - Achieving successful outplanting of trees on increasingly harsher sites is a global concern. In Chile, for example, new Eucalyptus globulus plantations are being targeted to poorer,... 相似文献
36.
Pretzsch Hans Poschenrieder Werner Uhl Enno Brazaitis Gediminas Makrickiene Ekaterina Calama Rafael 《European Journal of Forest Research》2021,140(5):1295-1296
European Journal of Forest Research - 相似文献
37.
? Context
Pinus pinea L. presents serious problems of natural regeneration in managed forest of Central Spain. The species exhibits specific traits linked to frugivore activity. Therefore, information on plant–animal interactions may be crucial to understand regeneration failure.? Aims
Determining the spatio-temporal pattern of P. pinea seed predation by Apodemus sylvaticus L. and the factors involved. Exploring the importance of A. sylvaticus L. as a disperser of P. pinea. Identifying other frugivores and their seasonal patterns.? Methods
An intensive 24-month seed predation trial was carried out. The probability of seeds escaping predation was modelled through a zero-inflated binomial mixed model. Experiments on seed dispersal by A. sylvaticus were conducted. Cameras were set up to identify other potential frugivores.? Results
Decreasing rodent population in summer and masting enhances seed survival. Seeds were exploited more rapidly nearby parent trees and shelters. A. sylvaticus dispersal activity was found to be scarce. Corvids marginally preyed upon P. pinea seeds.? Conclusions
Survival of P. pinea seeds is climate-controlled through the timing of the dry period together with masting occurrence. Should germination not take place during the survival period, establishment may be limited. A. sylvaticus-mediated dispersal does not modify the seed shadow. Seasonality of corvid activity points to a role of corvids in dispersal. 相似文献38.
Rafael Ginés Juan Manuel Afonso Anastasio Argüello María Jesús Zamorano & Juan Luis López 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(13):1207-1212
Immature gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) with a mean initial weight of 25.6 g were reared over 11 months to market size under different photoperiods: 16L:8D; 24L:0D and a control. Differences in final mean weight were significant between the three treatments (P<0.001): 16L:8D, 465.0 g; 24L:0D, 445.9 g; control, 402.6 g. Fish from the 24L:0D consumed most while 16L:8D fish converted it most efficiently. The lipid content of fillets was lower (P<0.05) for the 24L:0D (5.37±0.16 g 100 g?1 of fillet) than for the control (6.02±0.12 g), and the moisture content lower for the control than for either treatment groups. Skin luminosity (L*) was directly related to the number of hours of light exposure. 相似文献
39.
Adriano B Carregaro Gabrielle C Freitas Carlize Lopes Rafael Lukarsewski Fernanda S Tamiozzo Rogério R Santos 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(2):205-211
ObjectiveTo evaluate the analgesic and physiological effects of epidural morphine administered at the sixth and seventh lumbar or the fifth and sixth thoracic vertebrae in dogs undergoing thoracotomy.Study designProspective, randomized, blinded trial.AnimalsFourteen mixed-breed dogs, weighing 8.6 ± 1.4 kg.MethodsThe animals received acepromazine (0.1 mg kg?1) IM and anesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg kg?1) IV. The lumbosacral space was punctured and an epidural catheter was inserted up to the region between the sixth and seventh lumbar vertebrae (L, n = 6) or up to the fifth or sixth intercostal space (T, n = 8). The dogs were allowed to recover and after radiographic confirmation of correct catheter position, anesthesia was reinduced with propofol IV and maintained with 1.7% isoflurane. Following stabilization of monitored parameters, animals received morphine (0.1 mg kg?1) diluted in 0.9% NaCl to a final volume of 0.25 mL kg?1 via the epidural catheter, and after 40 minutes, thoracotomy was initiated. Heart rate and rhythm, systolic, mean and diastolic arterial pressures, respiratory rate, arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation, partial pressure of expired CO2 and body temperature were measured immediately before the epidural administration of morphine (0 minute) and every 10 minutes during the anesthetic period. The Melbourne pain scale and the visual analog scale were used to assess post-operative pain. The evaluation began 3 hours after the epidural administration of morphine and occurred each hour until rescue analgesia.ResultsThere were no important variations in the physiological parameters during the anesthetic period. The post-operative analgesic period differed between the groups, being longer in T (9.9 ± 1.6 hours) compared with L (5.8 ± 0.8 hours).ConclusionsThe use of morphine, at a volume of 0.25 mL kg?1, administered epidurally over the thoracic vertebrae provided longer lasting analgesia than when deposited over the lumbar vertebrae.Clinical relevanceThe deposition of epidural morphine provided longer lasting analgesia when administered near to the innervation of the injured tissue without increasing side effects. 相似文献
40.