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101.
Kousei Yamashita Minobu Kasai Yoko Yamamoto Hideaki Matsumoto 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(6):657-668
The effect of nitrate (NO3) on the activities of hydrogen (H+)‐ATPase and H+‐transport in the plasma membrane vesicles isolated from barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Kikaihadaka) roots was investigated. After treatment with 10 mM NO3 for longer than 24 h, both activities of H+‐ATPase and H+‐transport assayed in the presence of chloride (Cl) were stimulated less than 20%. While H+‐transport activity was approximately two times higher in NO3‐grown roots than in control roots when assayed in the presence of NO3 instead of Cl. This result suggests that NO3 is permeable in the plasma membrane vesicles isolated from NO3‐grown roots rather than that of the control, and thereby stimulate H+‐transport activity through the collapse of positive potentials established by H+‐ATPase. Furthermore, NO3 efflux from roots was markedly enhanced after 48 h of the exposure to NO3. Taken together, NO3 efflux may be mediated by the permeability to NO3 which is induced by NO3. 相似文献
102.
Zhao Namula Yoko Sato Risa Kodama Kouta Morinaga Vien Viet Luu Masayasu Taniguchi Michiko Nakai Fuminori Tanihara Kazuhiro Kikuchi Takashi Nagai Takeshige Otoi 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(8):600-606
This study investigated the effects of skim milk on the quality and fertility of boar spermatozoa under long‐term chilled preservation. Semen samples were stored in Modena solution supplemented with 0 (control) to 50 mg/mL skim milk at 5°C for 4 weeks; spermatozoa stored with 7.5 and 15 mg/mL of skim milk (7.5‐SM and 15‐SM groups, respectively) exhibited significantly higher motility indices than those of the control group up to 3 weeks (P < 0.05), and the 7.5‐SM group showed improved motility indices even after 4 weeks (P < 0.05). In vitro fertilization using spermatozoa in the 7.5‐SM and 15‐SM groups stored at 5°C for 2 weeks showed significantly higher fertilization rates of spermatozoa and the development rates to blastocyst than the control group (P < 0.05), and the 7.5‐SM group showed similar rates of fertilization and blastocyst formation in the fresh non‐stored spermatozoa group. After artificial insemination using spermatozoa stored for 2 weeks in the 7.5‐SM group, healthy piglets were obtained. Boar spermatozoa can be stored at 5°C in a Modena solution containing skim milk. Supplementation of 7.5 mg/mL skim milk improves boar spermatozoa motility and fertility even after liquid preservation at 5°C for 2 weeks. 相似文献
103.
104.
Wei Gao Yoko Kanahara Ryohei Tatsuno Kiyoshi Soyano Gregory N. Nishihara Chisato Urata Tomohiro Takatani Osamu Arakawa 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(4):723-732
To clarify the maturation-associated accumulation profile of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in the female pufferfish Takifugu pardalis, specimens collected from Omura Bay, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, from November through December, 2014, were separated based on the histology of ovarian sections into four groups: yolk vesicle stage (Yv), yolk globule stage (Yg)-1, Yg-2, and Yg-3. TTX quantification in each tissue in each group by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed that the TTX concentration [mouse unit (MU)/g] in the ovary increased from Yv to Yg-1, and the TTX amount (MU/individual) in the ovary increased from Yg-1 through Yg-3. In Yv, TTX in the skin accounted for 86% of the total TTX in the body, whereas from Yg-1 through Yg-3, ovarian TTX accounted for 53–76% of the total. In female specimens collected from the same bay from February to May 2015, the TTX amount in the ovary markedly decreased after spawning, and the TTX amount in the liver increased. Immunohistochemical observation of the ovarian sections indicated that TTX localized mainly in the nucleus of immature oocytes, but then distributes to the yolk vesicles and yolk globules as maturation advances, and is partly transferred to the egg membrane as spawning approaches. 相似文献
105.
106.
Izuta H Shimazawa M Tazawa S Araki Y Mishima S Hara H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(19):8944-8953
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and ischemic disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Chinese propolis and its constituents [chrysin, galangin, pinocembrin, caffeic acid, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)] against tunicamycin-induced neuronal cell death in SH-SY5Y cells. Both Chinese propolis and chrysin concentration-dependently inhibited such cell death, the tunicamycin-induced activation of caspase-3, and the effects of tunicamycin on mitochondria [release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim)]. Furthermore, Chinese propolis and chrysin each inhibited staurosporine-induced cell death. These findings indicate that the inhibitory effects of Chinese propolis against neuronal cell death induced by ER stress or staurosporine may be exerted primarily by chrysin. Moreover, the mechanism underlying the protective effects may, at least partly, involve inhibitions of caspase-3 activity and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. 相似文献
107.
How Zostera marina L. adapts to environmental stresses is of major interest to researchers wanting to obtain a better understanding of how to
preserve this ecologically important seagrass. We have examined the structure and chemical properties of the cuticle and epidermal
walls of Z. marina cotyledons at the pre-germination stage by microscopy, histochemistry, and chemical analyses. The epidermal cells, which
have a smooth plasma membrane and slight wall-ingrowth, are surrounded by thickened outer tangential walls consisting of cellulose
and pectic substances. The thick cuticle layer covers the outer surface of the outer tangential walls; the former were observed
here to be much thicker than has been reported earlier for the leaves and sheaths of Z. marina. Chemical analysis of the isolated cuticle by attenuated total reflectance–infrared Fourier transform spectrometry and gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry detected C16 and C18 fatty acids, ω-hydroxy fatty acids and β-sitosterol as components of the wax and cutin. The outermost cuticle layer was also
observed to be covered with a slimy layer consisting of some polysaccharides. These results suggest that the extremely thick
cuticle and slimy layer could play a significant role in protecting the cotyledons from environmental stresses at the pre-emergence
stage and just after emergence. 相似文献
108.
Endo Y Yamada T Matsunaga K Hayakawa Y Kaidoh T Takeuchi S 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,96(1):81-90
An exfoliative toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus is the causative agent of staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome (SSSS) in young children. Recently, we reported that only few isolates of S. aureus from bovine mastitis contained the eta gene encoding exfoliative toxin A (ETA) and produced ETA in vitro. In this study, we isolated temperate phages from two ETA-positive bovine isolates of S. aureus by treatment with mitomycin C. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay of the phage genomes suggested that the temperate phages carried the structural gene for ETA. Moreover, the nucleotide sequence analysis of the PCR products revealed that the eta gene was located very close to an amidase gene on the phage genomes. The nucleotide sequence for the amidase gene of the bovine phage (bovine phi ETA) differed at nine positions from that of the amidase gene of phi ETA from a human isolate reported by Yamaguchi et al. [Mol. Microbiol. 38 (2000) 694], suggesting that eta-converting phages are heterogeneous. Bovine phi ETA had a head with a hexagonal outline and a non-contractile and flexible tail. Bovine phi ETA was able to lysogenize ETA-negative bovine isolates of S. aureus, and the lysogenized S. aureus isolates had the ability to produce ETA. These results suggest the possibility of horizontal transmission of the eta gene by temperate bacteriophages among bovine isolates of S. aureus. 相似文献
109.
Yabuuchi A Yasuda Y Kato Y Tsunoda Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(2):263-268
Enucleated oocytes receiving mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells develop into fertile young. The developmental potential to young is low, however, and the rate of postnatal death is high. We examined the effect of various nuclear transfer procedures on the in vitro and in vivo developmental potential of nuclear-transferred oocytes. The potential of oocytes receiving ES cells at M phase to develop into blastocysts after fusion by Sendai virus was high compared with that after direct injection (67% vs. 30%). The developmental potential of oocytes receiving ES cells at the M phase is higher than that of oocytes receiving ES cells at the G(1) phase (30-67% vs. 2-5%). Developmental ability to live young was low in all groups (0-4%). Different activation protocols affected the potential to develop into blastocysts to a different extent (27-62%), but did not affect the potential to develop into live young (0-3%). The present study demonstrated that the various conditions examined did not affect the potential of nuclear-transferred oocytes receiving ES cells to develop into live young or the incidence of postnatal death. 相似文献
110.
Miki H Lee J Inoue K Ogonuki N Noguchi Y Mochida K Kohda T Nagashima H Ishino F Ogura A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(1):131-137
In several mammalian species, including mice, round spermatids have been used to produce normal offspring by means of microinsemination techniques. In this study, we examined whether mouse round spermatids retrieved from immature testes undergoing the first wave of spermatogenesis had acquired fertilizing ability comparable to cells from mature adults. Microinsemination with round spermatids was performed by direct injection into preactivated oocytes, as previously reported. About 60-85% of the successfully injected oocytes developed to the morula/blastocyst stage after 72 h in culture, irrespective of the age of the males (17-25 days old). After embryo transfer, normal pups were obtained from all age groups, including the day-17 group, the stage at which the first round spermatids appeared. A high correlation (r=0.90) was found between the birth rate and male age (P<0.01, Spearman rank correlation), indicating that the efficiency of producing offspring was dependent on the age of the donor males. Imprinted genes (H19, Igf2, Meg3, and Igf2r) were expressed from the correct parental alleles (maternal, paternal, maternal, and maternal, respectively) in all (n=12) day-9.5 fetuses derived from day-20 spermatids. These results clearly indicate that at least some first-wave spermatogenic cells have a normal haploid genome with the correct paternal imprint and are capable of supporting full-term embryo development, as do mature spermatozoa from adults. The use of male germ cells from immature animals may save time in the production of inbred/congenic strains and rescue male-factor infertility of early onset. 相似文献