Congenital bipartite atlas with hypodactyly in a dog: clinical,radiographic and CT findings     

M. Wrzosek  M. Płonek  O. Zeira  J. Bieżyński  W. Kinda  M. Guziński 《The Journal of small animal practice》2014,55(7):375-378

A three‐year‐old Border collie was diagnosed with a bipartite atlas and bilateral forelimb hypodactyly. The dog showed signs of acute, non‐progressive neck pain, general stiffness and right thoracic limb non‐weight‐bearing lameness. Computed tomography imaging revealed a bipartite atlas with abaxial vertical bone proliferation, which was the cause of the clinical signs. In addition, bilateral hypodactyly of the second and fifth digits was incidentally found. This report suggests that hypodactyly may be associated with atlas malformations .  相似文献   

Chemical treatment of lobster eggs against epibiotic bacteria     

Ingebrigt Uglem  Lars Elias Uksnøy  øivind Bergh 《Aquaculture International》1996,4(1):1-8

Eggs of the European lobster, Homarus gammarus (L.), were exposed to malachite green (5, 10, 15 mg 1^–1: 10 min), glutaraldehyde (50, 100, 150 mg 1^–1: 3 min) and iodine as Buffodine^TM (50, 100, 150 mg 1^–1: 10 min). The efficiency of the treatments was tested by incubating eggs individually in wells of multiwell dishes with TSB agar for 14 days after exposure. In order to find any effect on viability, batches of 30 eggs from each of three females were incubated artificially in a recirculation system for 19 days and repeatedly exposed to the disinfectants. Iodine as Buffodine (150 mg 1^–1) was the only treatment that resulted in a significant decrease of the bacterial growth on lobster eggs, but the treatment also resulted in inhibited hatching compared with the control group. Thus, our results indicate that treatment with 150mg^–1 iodine as Buffodine could be a strategy for reducing bacterial growth on lobster eggs when massive egg mortality due to bacteria is otherwise unavoidable. The treatment could, however, lead to decreased viability of larvae due to inhibited hatching.  相似文献   

Pressure Distribution of LFG in a Landfill with Vertical Extraction System     

PENG Xu? y  YU Yi  LIU Guo? tao 《保鲜与加工》2003,(1):92-95

In present engineering practice of landfill gas pollution control and its recovery, technical parameters such as extraction flow and radius of influence of a extraction well must be determined by field tests. A mathematical model for LFG migration under a vertical extraction well is established, which comprehensively reflects affects of several parameters including LFG generation rate, extraction flow, air permeability, buried depth of a extraction well and features of the cover layer. By using the model, pressure distribution of LFG around a vertical extraction well in a landfill can be calculated, the radius of influence of the well can also be determined.  相似文献   

Biological Denitrification of High Nitrate Processing Wastewaters from Explosives Production Plant     

Cyplik P  Marecik R  Piotrowska-Cyplik A  Olejnik A  Drożdżyńska A  Chrzanowski L 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(4):1791-1800

Wastewater samples originating from an explosives production plant (3,000 mg N l⁻¹ nitrate, 4.8 mg l⁻¹ nitroglycerin, 1.9 mg l⁻¹ nitroglycol and 1,200 mg l⁻¹ chemical oxygen demand) were subjected to biological purification. An attempt to completely remove nitrate and to decrease the chemical oxygen demand was carried out under anaerobic conditions. A soil isolated microbial consortium capable of biodegrading various organic compounds and reduce nitrate to atmospheric nitrogen under anaerobic conditions was used. Complete removal of nitrates with simultaneous elimination of nitroglycerin and ethylene glycol dinitrate (nitroglycol) was achieved as a result of the conducted research. Specific nitrate reduction rate was estimated at 12.3 mg N g⁻¹ VSS h⁻¹. Toxicity of wastewater samples during the denitrification process was studied by measuring the activity of dehydrogenases in the activated sludge. Mutagenicity was determined by employing the Ames test. The maximum mutagenic activity did not exceed 0.5. The obtained results suggest that the studied wastewater samples did not exhibit mutagenic properties.  相似文献   

The effect of infrared stabilized rice bran substitution on physicochemical and sensory properties of pan breads: Part I     

N. Barış Tuncel  Neşe Yılmaz  Habib Kocabıyık  Ayşen Uygur 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014

Infrared stabilized rice bran (SRB) substitution to white wheat, wheat bran and whole grain wheat breads at the levels of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0% was evaluated in terms of proximate composition, crumb color, dietary fiber, texture and sensory attributes. An increasing tendency was observed in crude fat and ash content of the breads. Redness (+a*), yellowness (+b*) chroma and redness (a*/b*) values were increased gradually with the addition of SRB. Crumb color was found to be darker when 10% of SRB was added to the breads. SRB inclusion did not affect the content of soluble dietary fiber while it significantly increased the insoluble and total dietary fiber contents of the breads (p < 0.05). In general, whole grain wheat bread differed from the other bread types in terms of textural behavior. Based on the overall acceptability scores, white wheat and wheat bran breads were sensory accepted up to 10% of flour replacement with rice bran, while substitution levels higher than 2.5% negatively affected the sensory scores of whole grain wheat bread.  相似文献   

The genetic landscape of the childhood cancer medulloblastoma     

Parsons DW  Li M  Zhang X  Jones S  Leary RJ  Lin JC  Boca SM  Carter H  Samayoa J  Bettegowda C  Gallia GL  Jallo GI  Binder ZA  Nikolsky Y  Hartigan J  Smith DR  Gerhard DS  Fults DW  VandenBerg S  Berger MS  Marie SK  Shinjo SM  Clara C  Phillips PC  Minturn JE  Biegel JA  Judkins AR  Resnick AC  Storm PB  Curran T  He Y  Rasheed BA  Friedman HS  Keir ST  McLendon R  Northcott PA  Taylor MD  Burger PC  Riggins GJ  Karchin R  Parmigiani G  Bigner DD  Yan H  Papadopoulos N  Vogelstein B  Kinzler KW  Velculescu VE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6016):435-439

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. To identify the genetic alterations in this tumor type, we searched for copy number alterations using high-density microarrays and sequenced all known protein-coding genes and microRNA genes using Sanger sequencing in a set of 22 MBs. We found that, on average, each tumor had 11 gene alterations, fewer by a factor of 5 to 10 than in the adult solid tumors that have been sequenced to date. In addition to alterations in the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways, our analysis led to the discovery of genes not previously known to be altered in MBs. Most notably, inactivating mutations of the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase genes MLL2 or MLL3 were identified in 16% of MB patients. These results demonstrate key differences between the genetic landscapes of adult and childhood cancers, highlight dysregulation of developmental pathways as an important mechanism underlying MBs, and identify a role for a specific type of histone methylation in human tumorigenesis.  相似文献   

Application of the CSM-CERES-Rice model for evaluation of plant density and irrigation management of transplanted rice for an irrigated semiarid environment     

Shakeel Ahmad  Ashfaq Ahmad  Hakoomat Ali  Abid Hussain  Axel Garcia y Garcia  Muhammad Azam Khan  Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq  Mirza Hasanuzzaman  Gerrit Hoogenboom 《Irrigation Science》2013,31(3):491-506

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CERES (Crop-Environment Resource Synthesis)-Rice for simulating growth and yield of rice under irrigated conditions for a semiarid environment in Pakistan and to determine the impact of plant density and irrigation regime on grain yield and economic returns. The crop simulation model was evaluated with experimental data collected in 2000 and 2001 in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. The experiment utilized a randomized complete block design with three replications and included three plant densities (one seedling hill^?1, PD₁; two seedlings hill^?1, PD₂; and three seedlings hill^?1, PD₃) and five irrigation regimes (625 mm, I₁; 775 mm, I₂; 925 mm, I₃; 1075 mm, I₄; and 1225 mm, I₅). To determine the most appropriate combination of plant densities and irrigation regimes, four plant densities from one seedling hill^?1 to four seedlings hill^?1 and 17 irrigation regimes ranging from 0 to 1600 mm, for a total of 68 different scenarios, were simulated for 35 years of historical daily weather data. The evaluation of CSM-CERES-Rice showed that the model was able to accurately simulate growth and yield of rice for irrigated semiarid conditions, with an average error of 11% between simulated and observed grain yield. The results of the biophysical analysis showed that the combination of the two seedlings hill^?1 plant density and the 1,300 mm irrigation regime produced the highest yield compared to all other scenarios. Furthermore, the economic analysis through the Mean-Gini Dominance (MGD) also showed the superiority of this treatment compared to the other treatment combinations. The mean monetary return ranged from ?47 to 1,265 $ ha^?1 among all 68 scenarios. However, to be able to furnish the demand of rice grain for local consumption and to increase export, there is a need to expand this technology among the rice growers of other rice producing areas in Pakistan through extension workers.  相似文献   

Atlantic salmon fed a nutrient package of surplus methionine,vitamin B12, folic acid and vitamin B6 improved growth and reduced the relative liver size,but when in excess growth reduced     

Marit Espe  Vibeke Vikes  Trn Helgy Thomsen  Anne‐Catrin Adam  Takaya Saito  Kaja H. Skjrven 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(2):477-489

Feeding plant‐based diet through smoltification of Atlantic salmon requires verification of the optimal level of 1C nutrients. Here, we fed Atlantic salmon plant‐based diets containing three different surplus amounts of the 1C nutrients; methionine, cobalamin (vitamin B12), pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and folic acid during 6 weeks in fresh water, through smoltification, followed by 3 months on‐growing period in salt water. The three diets were fed to fish dispersed in triplicate tanks throughout the experiment. Mean start body weight was 32 g. Dietary methionine levels in the diets were 6.7, 9.2 and 11.7 g/kg. Dietary B6 was 6.75, 8.45 and 11 mg/kg. Cobalamin was 0.16, 0.18 and 0.20 mg/kg. While dietary folic acid was 2.9, 4.8 and 6.3 mg/kg, diets are referred to as low, medium and high 1C diet. All other amino acids were similar between diets. The results showed no differences in growth or feed utilization in the fresh water period, but following the on‐growing salt water period, differences between diets occurred. The fish fed the medium 1C diet showed better growth, as compared to fish fed the low or high 1C diet (p = .009). The medium 1C fed fish showed a relative lower liver weight compared with fish fed low or high 1C diet (p = .025). Condition factor was better in fish fed the medium and high 1C diet as compared to those fed the low 1C diet (p = .0006). As expected, free methionine in liver, plasma and muscle increased by dietary methionine inclusion. Surplus vitamins only had minor effect on tissue concentrations. Based on these findings, we conclude that the micronutrient and methionine level presented in the medium 1C diet improved the growth, liver size and condition factor; however, more research is needed to evaluate the optimal requirement level for each of the 1C nutrients.  相似文献   

Larval rearing of African carp,Labeo parvus Boulenger, 1902 (Pisces: Cyprinidae), using live food and artificial diet under controlled conditions     

Elie Montchowui  Philippe Lalèyè  Emile N'tcha  Jean‐Claude Philippart  Pascal Poncin 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(8):1243-1250

This study aimed at (1) evaluating the efficacy of live food organisms (Artemia and natural zooplankton) and an artificial diet in the larval rearing of African carp Labeo parvus and (2) determining appropriate rearing conditions. After yolk sac resorption, the larvae were separated into five different feeding trials with two replicates. At the end of the larval rearing period (28 days post‐hatching), the highest (94.6%) and the lowest (53.7%) cumulative survival rates were found when larvae were fed with natural zooplankton for 7 days followed by Nippai food for 21 days, and when larvae were fed from the beginning of exogenous feeding with Nippai food only respectively. The significant highest body weight (351.6 mg), total length (34.4 mm) and specific growth rates (15.5%day^?1) were recorded when the larvae were fed with Artemia nauplii for 14 days followed by Nippai food for 14 days. The lowest growth performance (body weight and specific growth rates) were obtained when larvae were fed exclusively Nippai food. These results indicate that L. parvus can be successfully cultured in indoor nursery systems from hatching to the early juvenile stage.  相似文献