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进口大豆中麦角鉴定方法新研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国进口大豆逐年迅猛增多,针对进口大豆中麦角和菌核难以鉴定的现状进行分析研究。根据麦角中毒性成分主要是麦角胺、麦角生碱和麦角新碱等成分,比较了食品领域中麦角生物碱不同检测方法的优缺点,选择快速有效的检测方法。根据现状提出3种研究方法:第1种是传统感官生物碱显色法,参考GB 2715-2016《食品安全国家标准粮食》中的检测方法;第2种是液相色谱-质谱/质谱法,结合食品领域中麦角生物碱的检测方法,采用提取、分离、纯化、成分分析等步骤;第3种是分子生物学方法。对麦角菌核酸的制备提取,然后采用普通PCR仪或者荧光定量PCR进行分析检测。研究为病原菌的检验鉴定提供了一种新的思路,采用液相色谱-质谱/质谱法对病原菌产生的致病物质进行分析,丰富了植物病原菌的检验鉴定理论。首次提出对麦角菌利用分子生物学原理进行鉴定,为鉴别进口大豆中的菌核与麦角提供了一个新的标准,为一线人员提供鉴定基础。 相似文献
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Wheat sharp eyespot, caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis and R. solani, is a soil-borne fungal disease, which poses a great threat to wheat yield. In order to increase the identification efficiency of wheat sharp eyespot resistance, an improved method of rapidly identifying wheat sharp eyespot resistance was established by inoculating wheat seedlings with diseased wheat grains in greenhouse. To verify its reliability, four standard materials and 96 wheat varieties from Huanghuai wheat region were used for resistance assessment to sharp eyespot. Meanwhile, the resistance to Rhizoctonia solani of aforementioned materials in the field was identified by traditional methods. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between the four repetitions of the improved method ranged from 0.735 to 0.825, and the correlation coefficient between the average number of repetitions and the traditional method was 0.630. The results of wheat sharp eyespot resistance identification in Huanghuai wheat area showed that 66 wheat varieties were susceptible, accounting for 68.8% of tested materials. This indicated that the resistance of wheat varieties in Huanghuai wheat area to sharp eyespot was poor on the whole and needed to be improved urgently. At the same time, eleven wheat varieties which showed resistance to sharp eyespot at seedling and adult stages were screened, which include Zhengzhou 8998, Beijing 841, Handan 94-5316, Jimai 32, Jinmai 50, Jinmai 54, Longmai 157, Lumai 23, Shanhe 6, Shi 02-1 and Xinmai 18. Therefore, this study provides a method for identification of wheat sharp eyespot resistance at seedling stage, by which the resistance of wheat varieties to sharp eyespot can be quickly and efficiently identified. Furthermore, selected resistant materials provide important material resources for wheat sharp eyespot resistance breeding in Huanghuai wheat region and even in China. 相似文献
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加快农业科技进步 推进现代农业发展——基于我国“十五”时期农业科技进步贡献率的实证分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
本文采用Cobb-Douglas函数建立因素分析模型,测得"十五"期间我国农业科技贡献率达到了50%,表明农业科技进步对农业增长的促进作用在逐步增强,但仍存在土地分散经营制度和农业科技教育、农业科研成果及国家农业科研投入不足等障碍;提出了推进土地规模经营、大力发展农业高等教育和农村职业教育、健全和完善农业科技推广服务体系、加大政府对农业科研及技术推广经费的投入强度等对策建议. 相似文献
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为了研究牛病毒性腹泻病毒N~(pro)蛋白的催化切割效率,首先扩增GSTZ毒株的N~(pro)基因,克隆至原核表达载体pET-28a(+)上,使其在表达菌E.coli BL21 (DE 3)中表达,确定正确的N~(pro)基因碱基序列,然后构建含有切割位点的pET-28a-N~(pro)-GFP重组融合质粒,在原核表达系统中研究N~(pro)蛋白的切割效率。结果显示,GSTZ毒株的N~(pro)蛋白成功地在原核表达系统中表达,重组融合蛋白质N~(pro)-GFP在原核表达系统中的切割效率约为60.28%。 相似文献
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