Sediment and Nutrient Losses from Field-Scale Cropland Plots Treated With Animal Manure and Inorganic Fertilizer     

A. Mishra  B. L. Benham  S. Mostaghimi 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,175(1-4):61-76

A field-scale plot study was conducted at Virginia Tech's Prices Fork Research Farm, to evaluate the transport of nutrients in runoff from manure and fertilizer applied at P-based agronomic rates to cropland planted to corn. Simulated rainfall events representing 2- to 10-year storms in southwest Virginia, occurring 1 and 2 days following manure and fertilizer application were used to generate runoff. Plots were treated with surface applied poultry litter, surface applied and incorporated dairy manure, incorporated inorganic fertilizer, and no fertilizer (control). Application rates were based upon agronomic phosphorus (P) requirements of corn. The concentration of total suspended solids and nutrients decreased from the first to the second simulated rainfall event; however, the edge-of-field mass loss or yield increased due to increased runoff volume. Surface application of dairy manure resulted in 25–50% lower runoff volumes and 35–60% lower total suspended solid yields when compared to surface applied poultry litter. Surface applied poultry litter produced the greatest total P and dissolved reactive P losses. Results of this study suggest that manure applied based on crop P requirements can still yield significant edge-of-field nutrient losses, if rainfall occurs soon after application.  相似文献   

Biochemical studies into variation and repeatability of glutathione concentrations in bovine and bubaline semens     

M C Jain  N Arora  S Jogi  D D Mishra 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1990,44(4):569-571

Repeatability (r) value of glutathione (GSH) content was estimated in semen of Tharparkar, Red Dane, their crosses, and Murrah buffalo bulls. Mean GSH values were higher in bovine bull semen as compared to mean GSH values in bubaline bull semen. The r of GSH concentration for the pooled data was 0.1278. This trait is 12.78% repeatable. GSH value in semen of bovine and bubaline bull differed insignificantly. R estimates are expressed for selection of bulls of higher fertility and semen quality.  相似文献   

Energy flow through a village ecosystem with slash and burn agriculture in North-eastern India     

B.K. Mishra  P.S. Ramakrishnan 《Agricultural Systems》1982,9(1):57-72

This paper deals with the pattern of energy flow through four major sub-systems (jhum, valley, animal and domestic) of a typical Khasi village ecosystem with ‘slash and burn’ agriculture (jhum) at an elevation of 1540 m in the north-eastern hill region of India. The energetic efficiency (output:input ratio) of jhum in 5 ha of land worked out at 7·53 and that of valley cultivation on 2 ha of land at 40·14. The animal husbandry sub-system had swine husbandry as its predominant component. This had an energetic efficiency of 3·04. The village ecosystem as a whole, however, had an efficiency of 1·57. Animal husbandry formed an important link in the detritus food chain by utilising the garbage and vegetable waste of the agricultural system. The forest, apart from providing the basis for agriculture, also meets part of the fuel requirement of the village. The compost pit is a very important component in the functioning of the village ecosystem as it provides feed for secondary production and generates organic manure both of plant and animal origin, which is cycled back into agriculture. The intricate relationship existing between the production and consumption compartments of the village ecosystem has been worked out from both the economic and the energetic points of view and is discussed.  相似文献   

Survey of calf mortality and parasitism in the North of the Ivory Coast: first observations     

G S Mishra  E Camus  J Belot  A E N'Depo 《Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux》1979,32(4):353-359

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Studies on the Pathological Changes in Babesia bigemina Infection in Indigenous Cow Calves     

N. N. Pandey  S. S. Mishra 《Zoonoses and public health》1977,24(7):522-528

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Bloat in cattle. XIV. Mucinolytic activity of several anaerobic rumen bacteria     

B D Mishra  E E Bartley  L R Fina  M P Bryant 《Journal of animal science》1968,27(6):1651-1656

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Eosinophilic variations and electrophoretic analysis of plasma of dogs infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet 1866)     

G S Mishra  B Cens 《The Indian veterinary journal》1971,48(6):633-640

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Comparative histological study of the thymus gland of the bull and the bullock     

D B Mishra  L N Das  G Biswal 《The Indian veterinary journal》1966,43(1):12-16

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A bifurcating pathway directs abscisic acid effects on stomatal closure and opening in Arabidopsis     

Mishra G  Zhang W  Deng F  Zhao J  Wang X 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5771):264-266

Terrestrial plants lose water primarily through stomata, pores on the leaves. The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) decreases water loss by regulating opening and closing of stomata. Here, we show that phospholipase Dalpha1 (PLDalpha1) mediates the ABA effects on stomata through interaction with a protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) and a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein) in Arabidopsis. PLDalpha1-produced phosphatidic acid (PA) binds to the ABI1 PP2C to signal ABA-promoted stomatal closure, whereas PLDalpha1 and PA interact with the Galpha subunit of heterotrimeric G protein to mediate ABA inhibition of stomatal opening. The results reveal a bifurcating signaling pathway that regulates plant water loss.  相似文献   

Socio-economic inequalities in women's fruit and vegetable intakes: a multilevel study of individual, social and environmental mediators     

Ball K  Crawford D  Mishra G 《Public health nutrition》2006,9(5):623-630

OBJECTIVE: This study employed a multilevel design to test the contribution of individual, social and environmental factors to mediating socio-economic status (SES) inequalities in fruit and vegetable consumption among women. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was linked with objective environmental data. SETTING: A community sample involving 45 neighbourhoods. SUBJECTS: In total, 1347 women from 45 neighbourhoods provided survey data on their SES (highest education level), nutrition knowledge, health considerations related to food purchasing, and social support for healthy eating. These data were linked with objective environmental data on the density of supermarkets and fruit and vegetable outlets in local neighbourhoods. RESULTS: Multilevel modelling showed that individual and social factors partly mediated, but did not completely explain, SES variations in fruit and vegetable consumption. Store density did not mediate the relationship of SES with fruit or vegetable consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition promotion interventions should focus on enhancing nutrition knowledge and health considerations underlying food purchasing in order to promote healthy eating, particularly among those who are socio-economically disadvantaged. Further investigation is required to identify additional potential mediators of SES-diet relationships, particularly at the environmental level.  相似文献