Exome sequencing of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma reveals inactivating mutations in NOTCH1     

Agrawal N  Frederick MJ  Pickering CR  Bettegowda C  Chang K  Li RJ  Fakhry C  Xie TX  Zhang J  Wang J  Zhang N  El-Naggar AK  Jasser SA  Weinstein JN  Treviño L  Drummond JA  Muzny DM  Wu Y  Wood LD  Hruban RH  Westra WH  Koch WM  Califano JA  Gibbs RA  Sidransky D  Vogelstein B  Velculescu VE  Papadopoulos N  Wheeler DA  Kinzler KW  Myers JN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1154-1157

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. To explore the genetic origins of this cancer, we used whole-exome sequencing and gene copy number analyses to study 32 primary tumors. Tumors from patients with a history of tobacco use had more mutations than did tumors from patients who did not use tobacco, and tumors that were negative for human papillomavirus (HPV) had more mutations than did HPV-positive tumors. Six of the genes that were mutated in multiple tumors were assessed in up to 88 additional HNSCCs. In addition to previously described mutations in TP53, CDKN2A, PIK3CA, and HRAS, we identified mutations in FBXW7 and NOTCH1. Nearly 40% of the 28 mutations identified in NOTCH1 were predicted to truncate the gene product, suggesting that NOTCH1 may function as a tumor suppressor gene rather than an oncogene in this tumor type.  相似文献   

Effect of whole seed tuber size and pre-plant storage conditions on yield and tuber size distribution of Russet Burbank     

Walter J. Arsenault  Bert R. Christie 《American Journal of Potato Research》2004,81(6):371-376

Field experiments were conducted in 1995, 1996, and 1997 at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada’s Harrington Research Farm to assess the effect of whole seed tuber size and pre-plant seed storage conditions on processing yield (> 51 mm dia.) of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Russet Burbank). Following commercial storage, seed tubers were stored at 4.4 C then subjected to one of three pre-plant treatments: (1) planted directly from storage, (2) held at 10 C for 3 wk before planting, or (3) green-sprouted for 3 wk before planting. Five sizes of whole seed were used (28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 g) with a variable size cut seed treatment added for comparison. Plots were harvested 138,134, and 131 days after planting in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. Cut seed produced a higher yield of tubers > 51 mm diameter in comparison to all whole tuber seed sizes, with the exception of the 28 and 56 g sizes. In terms of total yield, the 28and 42-g whole seed tubers yielded significantly less than all other seed sizes examined. Warming or greensprouting seed tubers prior to planting did not increase tuber yield. The larger whole seed tuber sizes tended to result in greater numbers of stems and tubers per plant. To maximize marketable yield of Russet Burbank planted from whole seed tubers, it is recommended that the seed be between 28 and 42 g in size. Accepted for publication 25 May 2004.  相似文献   

Maxillary Granulomatous Inflammation Caused by Halicephalobus gingivalis (Nematoda) in a Connemara Mare in Belgium     

Pamela Fonderie  Cynthia de Vries  Kirsten Verryken  Richard Ducatelle  Tom Moens  Gunther van Loon  Wim Bert 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

A 5-year-old anorexic and lethargic Connemara mare presented with severe facial swelling and dyspnea. No distinct central nervous symptoms were present. Radiographs of the skull showed diffuse radiolucency with loss of definition of the periodontal lamina dura and swelling of the decalcified nasal bones. Given the severe bone damage and its poor general condition, the pony was euthanized. Histological evaluation of the lesion revealed a granulomatous reaction with numerous sections of adult and juvenile nematodes, which were morphologically and molecularly identified as Halicephalobus gingivalis. The position of this facultative parasite within its free-living congeners is reviewed in this article, and the possible infection routes are discussed. This report presents the first record of equine halicephalobiasis in Belgium.  相似文献   

MRI and CT Features of an Equine Juvenile Mandibular Ossifying Fibroma     

Bert Van Thielen  Valeria Busoni  Koen Chiers  Johan de Mey  Maarten De Munter  Sigrid Grulke  Denis Verwilghen 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

  相似文献   

Interruption of bacterial cycles in animal production: Related to veterinary public health     

Jan G. van Logtestijn  Bert A.P. Urlings  Peter G.H. Bijker  Jos H.J. Huis in ‘t Veld 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(4):123-125

Summary

Adverse reactions to various trimethoprim‐sulphonamide (T‐S) combinations were studied retrospectively in dogs and cats referred to the Utrecht University Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals during the period 1985–1994. Dermatological and systemic reactions were observed in 19 dogs and 2 cats. Specific histological reaction patterns were seen in 3 dogs with toxic epidermal necrolysis, in 1 dog and 1 cat with erythema multiforme, and in 1 dog with pemphigus foliaceus. Diagnostic criteria used in humans proved to be reliable in dogs and cats as well. Adverse reactions were observed within 7–14 days after administration and were most often due to sulphadiazine (76%) and sulphatroxazole (14%). The incidence of adverse reactions to T‐S was 0.25%.  相似文献   

Acoustic,mechanical and microstructural properties of extruded crisp bread   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ewa Gondek  Ewa Jakubczyk  Els Herremans  Bert Verlinden  Maarten Hertog  Thomas Vandendriessche  Pieter Verboven  Aleksandra Antoniuk  Evi Bongaers  Pascal Estrade  Bart M. Nicolaï 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013

The aim of this work was to describe the texture and structure of crisp bread obtained with different extrusion parameters. The texture of different crisp bread samples was evaluated using a combination of acoustic and mechanical tests. The advantage of this measurement setup is the feasibility of simultaneous registering of the force–deformation characteristics, sounds (using an acoustic envelope detector coupled to the texture analyser with a microphone) as well as mechanical vibrations (registered using a piezoelectric sensor) generated during a penetration test. All analysed samples of bread were products with a crisp texture that emitted audible sounds with a significant intensity that could be registered with a microphone as well as with a contact method. Micro-CT cross-section images showed the highly porous structure of the crisp breads but variant 3 appeared to have thicker walls and larger cells than the other breads.  相似文献   

Fractionation of tryptic gliadin hydrolysates based on proline levels   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bert G. Thewissen  Inge CelusKristof Brijs  Jan A. Delcour 《Journal of Cereal Science》2010

The central domain (CD) and terminal domains (TDs) of wheat gliadins contain high and low levels of the amino acid proline (Pro), respectively. The CD is rather hydrophilic while the TDs are rather hydrophobic and contain most of the ionisable amino acids, although present only in low levels. Therefore, peptides derived from the CD or TDs may strongly differ in their physico–chemical properties. Trypsin cleaves peptide bonds at lysine and arginine residues which are mainly present in the TDs and was used in the present study. Several fractionation methods were examined to isolate CD and TD related peptides from tryptic hydrolysates. Pro was used as a marker for CD and TD related peptides. Both semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC separation and fractionation of the water-soluble peptides of the tryptic gliadin hydrolysates by graded ethanol precipitation resulted in peptide fractions with different Pro levels. Whereas the fractions precipitating up to 90% ethanol were Pro rich, a Pro poor fraction consisting of small peptides was soluble in 90% ethanol solution. The water insoluble peptides of the tryptic hydrolysates also showed a low Pro level. Ultrafiltration of the water-soluble peptides using a 5-k membrane resulted in small Pro poor peptides and larger Pro rich peptides.  相似文献   

Relative contribution of wheat flour constituents to Solvent Retention Capacity profiles of European wheats     

Annelies E. Duyvejonck  Bert LagrainBram Pareyt  Christophe M. CourtinJan A. Delcour 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011

Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) tests have originally been designed to predict flour functionality of North American wheat flours. A SRC profile consists of its Water Retention Capacity (WRC), Sodium Carbonate SRC (SCSRC), Sucrose SRC (SuSRC) and Lactic Acid SRC (LASRC) values. As the value of such tests when considering European wheat flours is rather unclear, we studied the chemical composition and SRC profiles of nineteen commercial European wheat flours. Their WRC, SCSRC, SuSRC and LASRC ranged from 56 to 66%, 74 to 88%, 90 to 102% and 106 to 147%, respectively. Both WRC and SCSRC were mostly higher than those of North American soft wheat flours, but in the range of those of North American hard wheat flours. For the entire set of European flours, strong linear relations were observed between the flour damaged starch levels and WRC values, as well as with SCSRC values. Modifying specific flour constituent properties and levels illustrated the contribution of proteins, damaged starch and arabinoxylan (AX) to the SRC values. Flour proteins, especially glutenins, mainly contributed to LASRC, while damaged starch largely impacted flour SCSRC. Water-extractable AX only contributed to the SuSRC values, whereas the solvent-accessible AX generally contributed to all SRC values, and particularly to the SuSRC values.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater     

Bert Lambooij  Hanne Digre  Ulf Erikson  Henny Reimert  Dirk Burggraaf  Hans van de Vis 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):371-379

The aim of this study was to assess electrical stunning of Atlantic cod and turbot in seawater to develop a protocol for the process of stunning and killing. An induced general epileptiform insult (unconscious) had a duration of 40 ± 27 s (n =14) in cod (2.6 ± 0.5 kg) and 34 ± 18 s (n = 19) in turbot (520 ± 65 g). Seven cod and 3 turbot displayed a physical reaction, and 11 turbot registered an electroencephalogram (EEG) response to pain stimuli administered 30 s post-stun. The heart rate was 32 ± 6 beats/min in cod and 25 ± 7 beats/min in turbot prior to stunning. Post-stunning, the electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed fibrillation and reduced activity post-stun. EEG, ECG recordings, and behavioral observations indicate that when a bipolar square wave current was applied with a frequency of 133 Hz and 43% duty cycle side to side (turbot) and at 170 Hz and 33% duty cycle (cod) head to tail, both species were stunned in seawater at current densities of 3.2 A/dm² and 2.5 A/dm², respectively. For turbot, a 5 s exposure to electricity followed by chilling in ice water for 15 min is sufficient to prevent recovery. For cod, a killing method needs to be established.  相似文献   

Coral reef organisms as bioregion indicators off Halmahera,Moluccas, Indonesia          下载免费PDF全文

Adriaan Gittenberger  Stefano G. A. Draisma  Ucu Yanu Arbi  Victor Langenberg  Paul L. A. Erftemeijer  Yosephine Tuti  Bert W. Hoeksema 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2015,25(6):743-755