秦川牛保种情况的分析(续) Ⅱ、群体留种方式与世代间隔     

王金良  邱怀  杜建昌 《中国牛业科学》1993,(1)

根据陕西省秦川牛场秦川牛保种群30多年的记录统计,分析了该群体的世代间隔与留种方式。结果表明,该群体平均世代间隔为6.9年,采取的是对保种不利的合并留种,导致各种家系后代供量方差增大,尤其是公牛的女儿供量方差高达77.39,比平均女儿供量(5.84头)高13倍。不同始祖个体在后裔群中的血统分布也极不均匀。若能改进留种方式或设法降低选择强度,则可大大提高保种效果。  相似文献   

马尾松不同苗木类型与整地方式造林早期效果的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张沈龙  邱其才 《福建林业科技》1994,21(4):71-74

通过对不同苗木类型和整地方式的马尾松幼林的造林成活率、生长状况、生物量和根系特征进行测定，结果表明：容器苗可明显提高造林成活率、当年抽梢高和生物量；整地方式对造林当年的马尾松幼林有一定影响，而在第３年则对幼林树高和抽梢高起着明显促进作用。  相似文献   

规模猪场母猪繁殖障碍综合征的病因调查   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘道新  谈志祥  邱伯根  邱立新  鲁杏华  任风梅  邓国强 《中国动物检疫》2003,20(12):25-27

作者采用9套试剂盒，检测了7种能引起猪繁殖障碍综合征的传染病，对来自有繁殖障碍症状的305场次进行猪瘟(HC)抗原检测，并对包括这305场次在内的978个猪场(次)病例的6346份血清样品及52698份田间血清样品进行HC、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、伪狂犬病(PR)、日本乙型脑炎(JE)、细小病毒感染(DPV)、猪衣原体病(Chla)、布鲁氏菌病(Bruc)等7种传染病的抗体检测。结果表明，在有繁殖障碍症状的猪场，HC抗原检出率高达61．97％，并且在不使用疫苗的情况下，PR3RS、PR、JE、Chla和PPV的抗体阳性场分别为49．42％、34．29％、12．72％、31．71％、和48．08％。HC和：PR交叉感染率达23．81％；HC和：PRRS交叉感染率为9．52％，PR和PRRS交叉感染率高达59．65％；另外JE、PPV也同HC、PR、PRRS存在部分交叉感染。不使用疫苗的田间血清样品的PRRS、PR的抗体阳性率也高。HC与PRRS．PR、Chla、JE和PPV中的一种或几种混合感染可能是引起繁殖障碍造成严重损失的主要原因。加强综合防制，优化免疫程序、把握引种关、加强生物安全措施是防制猪繁殖障碍综合征的关键。  相似文献   

畜牧科学研究动态及前瞻     

昝林森  邱怀 《中国牛业科学》1994,20(2):51-54

文章在综述国内外有关专题研究的基础上，系统地讨论了当今畜牧科学的六个领域即家畜遗传育种，繁殖生理学，反刍家畜营养，非反刍家蓄营养，草地学和肉品科学近年来的主要科技成就及研究动态，指出了诸领域新近研究的热点未来研究的既定目标，对国内畜牧科学研究具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。  相似文献   

糯米糍荔枝果实内源激素与落果的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

向旭  邱燕平  张展薇 《果树学报》1995,(2)

以糯米糍荔枝生理落果期的田间调查和胚胎发育研究为基础,探讨了内源激素与生理落果的关系.结果表明,糯米糍生理落果高峰的主要原因是:第1次因授粉受精不良导致的生长促进类激素尤其是CTK水平过低;第2次与胚乳为胚的发育所利用而消失、IAA和GAs急剧降低有关;第3次与胚的败育造成CTK、GAs和IAA的全面下降有关;第4次发生在假种皮(果肉)迅速生长期,与种皮和假种皮ABA升至高水平有关.此外,还探讨了ABA /(IAA+GAs+CTK)与生理落果的相关性,以及胚囊、珠被和假种皮等果实内部组分内源激素的变化特点.  相似文献   

‘Plantibodies’: a flexible approach to design resistance against pathogens     

A. Schots  J. De Boer  A. Schouten  J. Roosien  J. F. Zil Verentant  H. Pomp  L. Bouwman-Smits  H. Overmars  F. J. Gommers  B. Visser  W. J. Stiekema  J. Bakker 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):183-191

Engineering resistance against various diseases and pests is hampered by the lack of suitable genes. To overcome this problem we started a research program aimed at obtaining resistance by transfecting plants with genes encoding monoclonal antibodies against pathogen specific proteins. The idea is that monoclonal antibodies will inhibit the biological activity of molecules that are essential for the pathogenesis. Potato cyst nematodes are chosen as a model and it is thought that monoclonal antibodies are able to block the function of the saliva proteins of this parasite. These proteins are, among others, responsible for the induction of multinucleate transfer cells upon which the nematode feeds. It is well documented that the ability of antibodies to bind molecules is sufficient to inactivate the function of an antigen and in view of the potential of animals to synthesize antibodies to almost any molecular structure, this strategy should be feasible for a wide range of diseases and pests.Antibodies have several desirable features with regard to protein engineering. The antibody (IgG) is a Y-shaped molecule, in which the domains forming the tips of the arms bind to antigen and those forming the stem are responsible for triggering effector functions (Fc fragments) that eliminate the antigen from the animal. Domains carrying the antigen-binding loops (Fv and Fab fragments) can be used separately from the Fc fragments without loss of affinity. The antigen-binding domains can also be endowed with new properties by fusing them to toxins or enzymes. Antibody engineering is also facilitated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A systematic comparison of the nucleotide sequence of more than 100 antibodies revealed that not only the 3′-ends, but also the 5′-ends of the antibody genes are relatively conserved. We were able to design a small set of primers with restriction sites for forced cloning, which allowed the amplification of genes encoding antibodies specific for the saliva proteins ofGlobodera rostochiensis. Complete heavy and light chain genes as well as single chain Fv fragments (scFv), in which the variable parts of the light (V_L) and heavy chain (V_H) are linked by a peptide, will be transferred to potato plants. A major challenge will be to establish a correct expression of the antibody genes with regard to three dimensional folding, assembly and intracellular location.  相似文献   

Enantioselective degradation kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits     

Jing Qiu 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2005,83(1):1-8

Metalaxyl [methyl-N-(2′-methoxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-d,l- alaninate] is a potent phenylamide fungicide. The (−)-(R)-isomer accounts for most of the fungicidal activity. A possible stereo and/or enantioselective kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits was investigated by intravenous injection. The concentrations of (−)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-metalaxyl in plasma, liver, and kidney tissue were determined by HPLC with a cellulose-Tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. After intravenous administration of racemic metalaxyl (40 mg/kg), the (+)-(S)-enantiomer levels in plasma, liver, and kidney decreased more rapidly than the (−)-(R)-isomer. The area ratio of the (−)-(R)-/(+)-(S)-enantiomer under the concentration-time curve (AUC_0 → ∞) in plasma after drug application was 1.62. The total plasma clearance value of the (+)-(S)-enantiomer was 1.53 and higher than that of the (−)-(R)-enantiomer. The [R]/[S] ratio in plasma was >1 for standard rac-metalaxyl at each time point. The other pharmacokinetic parameters of the enantiomers were also different. The results indicate substantial stereoselectivity in the degradation of metalaxyl enantiomers in rabbits.  相似文献   

茭白主茎地上部养分积累和转运规律   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

江解增  曹碚生  邱届娟  朱庆森 《中国蔬菜》2005,1(12):16-19

以两个有代表性的茭白品种为试材,测定了植株主茎生育过程中地上各部位干、鲜质量的积累及叶片净光合速率的变化。结果表明在田间封行前,植株主茎叶和短缩茎的干、鲜质量持续缓慢增加;封行后至肉质茎快速膨大前,短缩茎的物质积累超过叶片和叶鞘;肉质茎快速膨大期间,干物质积累主要在其前期,同时短缩茎等其余部位干、鲜质量明显下降;之后肉质茎干、鲜质量增加趋缓,叶片、叶鞘质量仍持续下降,而短缩茎质量回升,进入新一轮物质积累期;主茎的总干物质量在封行后迅速提高,在肉质茎充分膨大后下降。功能叶片净光合速率在生育进程中总体呈持续缓慢下降的趋势,肉质茎快速膨大期间迅速大幅上升,紧接着又快速回落。  相似文献   

Characteristics for Practical Use of Attenuated Isolate UA-Fukushima of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato mosaic virus</Emphasis>     

Tsutomu MATSUMOTO  Yuichiro NARA  Hiromitsu FURUYA  Harumi TAKAHASHI  Kiichi TAIRAKO  Hideki YAMAMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(4):382-384

L₁₁A-Fukushima (L₁₁A-F) derived from attenuated isolate LuA of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) has the highest ability to cross protect against virulent ToMV among LuA and its derivatives and is stably inherited. Growth, yield, fruit quality and symptom attenuation of inoculated tomato plants did not differ significantly between L₁₁A-F and L₁₁A. The infectivity of progeny viruses in tomato infected with LuA-F was less than 4% of that with virulent ToMV. From these results, L₁₁A-F appears to possess the properties necessary for practical use. To manage L₁₁A-F strictly, a PCR-based assay to detect trace contamination of virulent ToMV in L₁₁A-F preparations was established. Received 10 June 2002/ Accepted in revised form 30 October 2002  相似文献   

Effects of Latent Infection of Stock Plants and Abundance of Thrips on the Occurrence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato spotted wilt virus </Emphasis>in Chrysanthemum Fields     

Shohei MATSUURA  Shigeru HOSHINO  Hideaki HAYASHI  Tetsuyuki KOHGUCHI  Kyoji HAGIWARA  Toshihiro OMURA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):99-102

DAS-ELISA proved to be reliable enough to detect a latent infection by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in asymptomatic stock plants of chrysanthemum. A high density of Frankliniella occidentalis, the predominant vector, in the presence of latently infected stock plants resulted in a high incidence of disease in the chrysanthemum production field. The incidence of disease was low when the vector thrips were not abundant in spite of the presence of latently infected stock plants. These results suggest that an infestation of the vector thrips causes severe secondary spread of TSWV originating from latently infected stock plants in chrysanthemum production fields. Received 27 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 27 November 2001  相似文献