Parasitemia due to Sarcocystis neurona‐like infection in a clinically ill domestic cat          下载免费PDF全文

Nina C. Zitzer  Antoinette E. Marsh  Mary Jo Burkhard  M. Judith Radin  Maxey L. Wellman  Maria Jugan  Valerie Parker 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2017,46(3):526-532

An 8‐year‐old, 6‐kg, male neutered Domestic Shorthair cat was presented to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center (OSU‐VMC) for difficulty breathing. Physical examination and thoracic radiographs indicated pneumonia, a soft‐tissue mass in the left caudal lung lobe, and diffuse pleural effusion. The effusion was classified as modified transudate. Rare extracellular elongated (~5–7 μm × 1–2 μm) zoites with a central round to oval‐shaped purple to deep purple vesicular nucleus with coarsely stippled chromatin and light blue cytoplasm were seen on a peripheral blood smear. Serum IgG and IgM were positive for Sarcocystis sp. antibodies and negative for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, suggesting that the infection was acute rather than a recrudescence of prior infection. This organism was most consistent with either Sarcocystis neurona or Sarcocystis dasypi based on DNA sequence analysis of PCR products using COC ssRNA, ITS‐1, snSAG2, and JNB25/JD396 primer sets. This is the first report to visualize by light microscopy circulating Sarcocystis sp. merozoites in the peripheral blood of a domestic cat. Therefore, Sarcocystis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats with suspected systemic protozoal infection.  相似文献   

Effects of potassium supply on growth and yield of safflower as compared to sunflower§     

Jehad Abbadi  Jska Gerends  Burkhard Sattelmacher 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2008,171(2):272-280

Safflower may have a certain production potential under German conditions, particularly in organic farming where the putatively low nutrient requirement is highly welcomed. However, current knowledge regarding the nutrient requirements of safflower as compared to similar oil crops is limited. It was thus the aim of this study to determine the growth and yield response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as compared to sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) with respect to potassium (K) supply. Three safflower and two sunflower plants were cultivated in 5 L Mitscherlich pots. Both species responded strongly to increasing K supply with respect to plant growth and yield. Growth and yield of safflower increased up to 1 g K per pot, while the optimum for sunflower was 3.0 g K per pot. Safflower out‐yielded sunflower at low K supply, while at high K level, the opposite was observed. Supply of K affected virtually all yield components in both species, though to different degree. The number of capitula in safflower was only slightly affected, and the number of achenes per capitulum was only reduced under severe K deficiency, while single‐achene mass increased with increasing K supply. In sunflower, the number of achenes per capitulum strongly responded to the K supply, as did the single‐achene mass. Oil yield in safflower was affected by K deficiency mainly due to reduced achene yield, not oil concentration. However, oil yield in sunflower was severely affected by low K supply due to both reduced achene yield and lowered oil concentration. Multiple‐regression analyses indicate that in sunflower, the stem dry matter (DM) and the total amount of K accumulated in the aboveground biomass were most important, while in safflower the total amount of K and N accumulated had the highest impact. It is concluded that sunflower is more sensitive to inadequate K supply than safflower.  相似文献   

The apoplast — its significance for the nutrition of higher plants     

Burkhard Sattelmacher  Karl-Hermann Mühling  Kerstin Pennewiß 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1998,161(5):485-498

Since the fundamental work of the botanist Ernst Munch there has been a clear differentiation between a symplastic and an apoplastic compartment of plants, separated by the plasmalemma. In contrast to the symplast, the apoplast was considered as being dead and hence attracted little interest. It is not before the late seventies of this century that plant scientists realised that processes such as growth and differentiation as well as signal transduction may not be understood without accounting for apoplastic processes. Since then growing evidence has supported the view that apoplastic properties are of significance for such diverse processes as genotypic variation in nutrient efficiency and tolerance against adverse ion relations, for plant/microbe interaction, or for water and nutrient transport. In this contribution we review apoplastic properties and processes in relation to plant mineral nutrition. Examples are taken from work being conducted in the scope of the special research project of the German Research Foundation “The apoplast of higher plants: compartment for storage, transport and reactions” and especially from own work.  相似文献   

Vergleich zwischen Total- und königswasserextrahierbaren Elementgehalten in natürlichen Böden und Sedimenten     

Volker Hornburg  Burkhard Lüer 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1999,162(2):131-137

Comparison between total- and aqua regia extractable contents of elements in natural soils and sediments Total- and aqua regia extractable contents of 19 elements from 28 soil samples with widely varying composition of the ISE ring analytical program (INTERNATIONAL SOIL-ANALYTICAL EXCHANGE) of the year 1995 to 1997 have been taken to find out the comparability between the two fractions. The relations between the two fractions and pH, organic matter and clay content were considered by means of single and multiple regressions. The correlations between the total and aqua regia extractable contents of As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb and Zn are very close, whereas Al, Ba, K, Na and Sr are not or only weakly correlating. The multiple regressions show that the content of some aqua regia extractable elements and the proportion (in %) of the total contents is correlated with pH, organic matter and/or content of clay. In the same way the proportion of aqua regia extractable elements is closely related (except Fe and Hg) to the soil pH. Hereby the proportion of the aqua regia extractable content increases with increasing pH in the range 3,5—7,7. The determined equations are tested for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn by using the values of certified reference material. The estimated aqua regia extractable contents are being compared with values of reference material. The average proportion of the calculated to the measured aqua regia contents of an element in percent are 99 for Zn, 98 for Co, Cu and Mn, 94 for Cd, 90 for Ni, 88 for Cr, 105 for Hg, 113 for As and 114 for Pb.  相似文献   

Blood precipitate associated with intra-abdominal carboxymethylcellulose administration     

Burkhard MJ  Baxter G  Thrall MA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1996,25(4):114-117

A precipitate was observed on the blood films of horses (15 of 16) and one cow given a peritoneal infusion of 1 % sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) solution to prevent abdominal adhesions. The intensity of the precipitate seen 2 to 3 days post-infusion strongly correlated with the administered dose of SCMC (range 0.96 to 11.7 ml/kg). The dose given was inversely correlated with bodyweight and the most prominent precipitates were seen in foals. The precipitate was observed as early as 24 hours and persisted for as long as 9 days after SCMC administration. Fibrinogen was the only hematological or biochemical parameter consistently abnormal in horses receiving SCMC, mild increases (500 to 700 mg/dl) were noted in 11/16 cases but did not correlate with SCMC administration.  相似文献   

Specificity analysis of anti-gliadin mouse monoclonal antibodies used for detection of gliadin in food for gluten-free diet     

Sánchez D  Tucková L  Burkhard M  Plicka J  Mothes T  Hoffmanová I  Tlaskalová-Hogenová H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(7):2627-2632

A gluten-free diet (GFD) is the sole effective long-lasting treatment of celiac disease. Four monoclonal antibodies (Abs) were prepared by immunization of animals kept on GFD with gliadin. The specificity of these Abs to decapeptides of alpha- and gamma-gliadin and omega-secalin was analyzed by the PEPSCAN technique. Repetitive sequences of alpha- and gamma-gliadin and omega-secalin containing the motifs QPFPXQ (X = Q, L, P) were recognized by all Abs tested. These Abs also frequently reacted with peptides containing the sequences QQSFPQQ, QQTFPQP, and QPFRPQ. On the basis of PEPSCAN results two Abs--8D4 and 7C6--were selected for the construction of a new ELISA kit for the detection of gliadin in food. The comparison of data obtained using the newly developed ELISA kit and commercially available ones indicated that Abs selection on the basis of their fine specificity to gliadin is useful for sensitive detection of gliadin in foods.  相似文献   

Analysis and cytologic characterization of hemocytes from freshwater mussels (Quadrula sp.)     

Mary Jo Burkhard  Sarah Leavell  Rachael B. Weiss  Kody Kuehnl  Hope Valentine  G. Thomas Watters  Barbara A. Wolfe 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2009,38(4):426-436

Background: Freshwater mussels are among the most endangered taxa in North America and minimally invasive techniques to evaluate their health are needed. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a standardized approach for identifying and enumerating the cellular components of freshwater mussel hemolymph. Methods: Hemocyte clumping, total hemocyte count, and hemocyte morphology were compared in untreated hemolymph or hemolymph treated with formalin, sodium citrate, sodium heparin, EDTA, water, or l ‐cysteine. Morphology was then used to categorize hemocytes and perform a 100‐cell differential. Results: Treatment with formalin or >25 mg/mL l ‐cysteine reduced hemocyte clumping, although only formalin significantly increased the total hemocyte count. However, formalin also induced crenation that impaired hemocyte identification. Both EDTA and sodium citrate‐induced hemocyte degranulation while sodium citrate and >40 mg/mL l ‐cysteine‐induced cell lysis. Hemocytes could be categorized into 2 groups of granulocytes (eosinophilic or basophilic) and 2 groups of agranulocytes (large or small) for performing a cytologic differential. The differential was not significantly altered by anticoagulant treatments providing cell morphology was adequate for obtaining a differential. Eosinophilic granulocytes predominated (59%) with fewer large agranulocytes (27%) and basophilic granulocytes (13%). Small agranulocytes comprised 2% of the total population. Conclusions: No single treatment provided an optimal method to evaluate freshwater mussel hemolymph. Maximal hemocyte counts were obtained following formalin treatment. l ‐cysteine reduced clumping and maintained hemocyte morphology for performing a cytologic differential. These techniques provide a standardized approach for the hematologic evaluation of freshwater mussels.  相似文献   

Intestinal and blood parasites in Amazon parrots destined for relocation in Guatemala.     

M B Rooney  M J Burkhard  E Greiner  Q Y Zeng  J Johnson 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2001,32(1):71-73

Approximately 350 Amazon parrots were destined for relocation in Peten province, northeastern Guatemala. In random sampling of the parrots, 95 blood and 75 fecal samples were examined individually for parasites. Coccidia were present in 6.0% (3/50) of Amazona autumnalis autumnalis, and they were the only parasites detected. There were no blood parasites observed in 64 A. a. autumnalis, four Amazona pionus senilis, 16 Amazona ferinosa guatemala, 10 Amazona albifronsus albifronsus, and one Amazona xantholora. No fecal parasites were observed in four A. p. senilis, 12 A. f. guatemala, eight A. a. albifronsus, and one A. xantholora.  相似文献   

Ash and Metal Concentrations in Peat Bogs as Indicators of Anthropogenic Activity     

Görres  Marcel  Frenzel  Burkhard 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1997,100(3-4):355-365

Stratigraphical (temporal) and physicochemical investigations of different European peat bogs confirm interrelations between increased ash and element concentrations on the one hand and human settlement (found by means of pollen analysis) on the other hand. Phases of enhanced anthropogenic activities (farming, forest clearing, forestry etc.), which can be derived from the corresponding pollen diagrams and by radiocarbon dating, agree well with the increase in soilborne elements (soil dust Pb, Si, Ti) in the peat profiles. The Pb concentrations of the investigated peat layers have been increasing since Roman Times. Changes in the Pb/Ti ratio help to discriminate between soil dust Pb and Pb from ore mining and smelting. Moreover, this approach reveals measurable Pb pollution extending as far back as the Bronze Age (approx. 2nd Millenium B.C.). Some peat bogs show increased Cu concentrations as far back as the Bronze Age.  相似文献   

Factors that contribute to genetic variation for nutrient efficiency of crop plants   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Burkhard Sattelmacher  Walter J. Horst  Heiko C. Becker 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1994,157(3):215-224

Genetic variation in nutrient efficiency may be attributed to two multifactorial components: (i) genotypes may differ in the efficiency with which the nutrients in the plant are utilized to produce yield (utilization efficiency) and/or (ii) they may differ in their effectiveness in absorbing nutrients from the soil (uptake efficiency). This contribution surveys major aspects of physiological and morphological factors affecting N-and P-efficiency. The potential importance of the various factors is discussed and exemplified mainly by own experimental work.  相似文献